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The study is relevant as the category of "national security" is multilevel. The work reveals the characteristics and components of this system. The concept of national security exists all over the world. It is one of the most important types of security and is studied by academics from different countries. Furthermore, the concept of national security means a set of scientific and theoretical ideas, opinions and views that dominate in each society and is a subjective reflection of objective ties and national security relations in the public consciousness. From a documentary methodology the article aims to study the legal nature and essence of national security. It is concluded that the genesis of this concept tracks the dialectical interaction of objective and subjective factors. The legal regulation of national security is a comprehensive and multifaceted process based on a complex system of legal rules and regulations. The most significant ones are analyzed in this study. However, academics have not considered all the legal components of national security.

Study purpose is to determine the signs of legal security on the basis of existing scientific views and current legislation, excluding its overly broad understanding, leading to the fact that any legal requirement is included in the content of national security. Methodology: the basis is the dialectical method of cognition of the facts of social reality, on which the formal legal and comparative legal approaches are largely based. The methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction, deduction and induction have found their application both individually and as part of other methods. Main content. We analyzed the features of legal security: normative; legal system stability; focus on eliminating legal threats and others, as well as criticized the widespread understanding of legal security as a form of national security. Conclusions. It is proved that it is necessary to distinguish between such phenomena as legal security and legal security as a form of national security, while the latter is part of legal security. In general, the entire block of legal security is not included in the content of national security.

The article reveals the problematic issues for ensuring financial security in the context of globalization in global financial systems. The modern stage of development of state financial systems is characterized by difficulties in ensuring national financial security. Despite the urgency of this problem, the international community is focusing on ensuring economic security during the formation of universal and regional legal instruments, leaving out of sight issues of legal and practice-oriented guidance in financial security. The article examines the main directions of implementation of state policy aimed at improving the effectiveness of legal and national and international means to ensure financial security in the context of the globalization of growing threats to economic security. The focus is on the modernization of legal instruments to regulate public relations related to financial security. Particular attention was paid to the correlation of international legal bases, national legislation, and regional laws. It is concluded that the development of state financial policy that guarantees the security of the budgetary system is fundamental.

This article analyzes national security, an imported and indeterminate notion, that grants the armed forces an inappropriate autonomy and allows them, constitutionally and legally, to perform non-professional roles in the internal order and other activities. This notion was installed in codes and legal bodies of diverse nature that potentially bind the Armed Forces. with issues unrelated to national defense. Expanded security, derived from this notion and from a poorly understood military versatility, strengthens military inclusion in police tasks. It is a significant conservative vacuum that favors the concentration of power and the ideological and political dispositions of the right. This notion has no legitimate space in a new Constitution and must be eliminated from all legal, doctrinal and regulatory bodies. ; Este artículo analiza la seguridad nacional, noción importada e indeterminada, que le otorga a las fuerzas armadas una inapropiada autonomía y les permite, constitucional y legalmente, desempeñar roles no profesionales en el orden interno y otras actividades. Esta noción fue instalada en códigos y leyes de diversa naturaleza que vinculan potencialmente a las FF.AA. con temas ajenos a la defensa nacional. La seguridad ampliada, derivada de esta noción y de una mal entendida polivalencia castrense, fortalece la inclusión militar en tareas policiales. Es un significante vacío conservador que favorece la concentración del poder y disposiciones ideológicas y políticas de derecha. Esta noción no tiene espacio legítimo en una nueva Constitución y debe eliminarte de todo cuerpo legal, doctrinario y reglamentario.

The goal of the article is to identify cybersecurity issues as a component of national security and suggest ways to solve them. The topic of the research is the cyber security of Ukraine. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: dialectical method, formal and legal method, comparative-legal method and scientific abstraction method. As a result, the legal acts governing cybersecurity in Ukraine are analyzed, the cyber security actors are determined and their functions are defined. Practical implementation. There is a need to establish and implement an annual plan for the implementation of the Cyber Security Strategy, which should detail the actions to ensure cyber security, identify specific measures, deadlines and responsible actors. It is concluded that, ways to improve the cybersecurity system (as part of national security), which will update the legal mechanisms of cybersecurity, create cybersecurity infrastructure at the global level, establish effective interaction between cybersecurity actors regardless of their departmental affiliation and / or form of ownership, including with the owners of critical infrastructure and non-state owned information), are in their primary phase.

This article aims to identify the forms of participation of public organizations in national security. The basic methodological approach of the research is the analysis and generalization of the normative legal support and the scientific works that allowed to systematize and characterize the existing forms of participation of public organizations to guarantee the national security of Ukraine. The article emphasizes the importance of the influence of public organizations in the state of national security and the importance of a comprehensive and coordinated approach to involve public organizations in national security, generalizes and describes the forms of participation of public organizations to guarantee national security through the lens of the main forms of their interaction with the authorities of the organizations (information, control, consultation, active participation), the legal and organizational directions to strengthen the role of civil organizations in guaranteeing the National security. It is concluded that this type of research has practical value for representatives of the authorities and the public sector on possible ways to improve the role of public organizations to guarantee national security.

The purpose of the investigation is to determine the components of Ukraine's national security support system and the nature of its implementation in the context of current events in the country. As the main content of the investigation, it has carried out a comprehensive analysis of the state of national security in Ukraine, its system, main tasks, and structural elements. In addition, it has examined the state of realization of Ukraine's national security in the context of modern developments in the state. Methodologically, the documentary research technique was used since the main sources of the study were documentary. The basis is the dialectical method of knowledge of the facts of social reality, on which comparative formal and legal approaches are largely based. The main organs that guarantee the national security of the state include the country's Armed Forces and all state power structures who have as their main task assigned by the state: to guarantee the highest possible level of protection of the nation together with its strategic interests.

Using an analytical methodology, the article examines the connection between social conflicts and national security. The discursive space of the problems of social conflict has been systematized and the reasons that influence the dynamics and duration of social conflict have been determined. Complex systems of social conflict prevention are presented and a model of influence of social conflicts on the national security system of the state is developed. The driving forces of social conflicts and national security indicators are also grouped together. The sequence of conceptualization of the results of the institutionalization of the public management of social conflicts has been announced. The methodology and levels of assessment of the willingness of the authorities of public management of social conflicts for interaction are indicated. It is concluded that, since there is currently no single criterion for assessing the impact of the interaction of public management institutions on the prevention of social conflicts in the context of national security, the study of the capacity for such interaction should be carried out considering conditions of complexity, systemic and convergence.

The paper addresses some pressing national security and public safety issues in various jurisdictions, including Ukraine. The correlation between two main concepts is emphasized. It is shown that in the modern world risks related to national security and, therefore, also to public security are significant. The approaches to defining the two main components of the state are illustrated and the main elements are pointed out. It is emphasized that today security is one of the key values (rights) for any person and citizen and is generally prescribed in national Constitutions. The provisions of the draft Public Security and Civil Defense Strategy of Ukraine (2021), related to national security and public safety, have been discussed. Finally, the main threats to the security of the community and individual citizens have been outlined and the means to overcome them have been elaborated. In the conclusions, it has been established that the formulation of a security and defense sector perspective model for central executive authorities presents a number of opportunities as well as challenges. Moreover, it is difficult to give a clear and all-encompassing legal definition of the concept of "public security".

The objective of the article was to identify new threats to the national security of countries and, at the same time, to determine the adaptation tasks related to their identification. The synergistic approach, comparative legal analysis methods and foresight were the main tools of this research. Manipulation actions involving deep forgeries are spreading rapidly. Autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence are used to create negative fake events. Criminal use of users' smart devices to create a unique behavioural profile has been detected. New cyber threats to Ukraine's national security during the military conflict are characterized by attempts to disrupt critical infrastructure. It is concluded that "cyber looting" has emerged with the use of social engineering methods. The activities of the Belgian Center for Cyber Security (CCB) are a positive example of the identification of new cyber threats in the countries of the European Union EU. Furthermore, CCB performs activities related to the identification, monitoring and analysis of online security issues. Coordination between relevant services and agencies, public authorities, private sector and academia is ensured.

Surveillance measures, seen sometimes as Orwellian strategies, have been implemented due to the fact that governments want, among others, to tackle terrorism, organised crime, and illegal immigration. Nevertheless, those are at the centre of an ongoing debate as many scandals have appeared recently related with the disputed practices applied by certain intelligence agencies. When this indiscriminate and irresponsible use of mass surveillance practices take place -in which it seems that we are all carrying our own "pocket sensors"- a question that summarises quite much the subject arises: are we walking towards a "dystopian Orwellian state" when applying measures that affect our very essence of the right to privacy? To solve this enigma, it is crucial to analyse the national surveillance programmes under the European legal framework of fundamental rights and freedoms in order to determine if the above-mentioned practices successfully overcome or not a "dystopian state test". ; Sin financiación ; No data JCR 2014 ; UEM

An estimated 33 million people are today infected with HIV, many living in conflict or post conflict settings. The international community is increasingly recognising the effect HIV/AIDS can have on national security and conflict, both exacerbating conflict and being an obstacle to peace. The article argues for considering HIV/AIDS as a security issue and concludes four main theories on the links between HIV/AIDS, national security and conflict: 1. Uniformed personnel as a vector of HIV, 2. National security threatened by HIV/AIDS affected state institutions, 3. Increased vulnerability to HIV infection in conflict and post-conflict environments, and 4. HIV as an obstacle to peace building. These four theories are explored in the Colombian context. Of the four theories investigated it was found that 1 and 3 presented the strongest linkages between HIV/AIDS, national security and conflict. The theories 2 and 4 were less strong, mainly due to the relatively low HIV prevalence rate in Colombia. (Colombia Internacional/ GIGA)

The issue of protecting critical infrastructure as one of the components of national security is analyzed. The following methods were used in the study: bibliographic, dialectical, empirical, and theoretical, comparative, and legal. The essence of the term "critical infrastructure" is explained both according to the opinions of scientists and from the very position of the authors of the article. The importance of proper protection and proper functioning of infrastructure in Ukraine is well founded. It emphasizes the fact that for many years the issue of the importance of protecting critical infrastructure has been almost forgotten and is not relevant to the governing bodies of the state. In addition, this situation applies to many other countries in the world. The current situation shows that there are countries that, despite being among the most prosperous and innovative, did not pay attention to their situation with their own security infrastructure. It is concluded that, based on a comparative analysis of international experience, in addition to exploring the peculiarities of national realities, the article proposed measures to improve the internal state of protection of critical infrastructure.

The article discusses some problems of military and civilian administrations operating in Ukraine with the aim of maintaining the national security regime. In particular, the authors investigate the social and political reasons behind the decision to create special government agencies, in the form of civil military administrations. In addition to the comprehensive analysis of the relevant legislative framework, reference has been made to the practical functions of these administrations. The study methodology includes a variety of research tools aimed at improving the analysis and a problem-oriented approach. The conclusions are focused on improving the legislative as well as organizational frameworks of civil-military administrations in the Donbass region. In particular, based on the basic principles within the civil society, including the supremacy of civil society over the armed forces, the discussed Law should be effectively renamed as the Law "On civil-military administrations" with a continuous approach, potentially within a specially drafted project. It is suggested to include a chapter of the Law, on military support of civilian authorities and official efforts of reconstruction of public order in certain areas of Donetsk and Lugansk regions.