Suchergebnisse

Abstract It is essential for democracy that political parties should act within their promulgated policy frameworks, which are formally represented in election programmes. If political parties deviate from this principle, the election would lose its meaning, jeopardising democracy. In this respect, planning in Groningen in the 1970s, which realised progressive plans like the traffic circulation plan, was democratic, although it was criticised for lacking public participation. However, planning in the 1980s casts serious doubt on its democratic nature. Various large-scale projects were promoted, and they caused harsh criticism even within the government party, Labour Party. This paper focuses on four projects, that is, the PTT (office development), Brink (residential towers), Casino and Museum, all of which were planned in or next to the inner city of Groningen in the 1980s. This paper will examine these projects in terms of the policy frameworks of the Labour Party, which were created in the 1970s. These projects brought about drastic change of historical landscape, and were clearly contrary to the party frameworks or those measures that were introduced to guarantee the frameworks, such as the local land use plan. As a result, they gave rise to not only strong opposition among citizens, but also criticism of party members who still cherished those party frameworks.

Groene herfst geeft de tegenstelling aan tussen, aan de ene kant, de vooruitgang die de milieubescherming onmiskenbaar heeft geboekt en aan de andere kant de constatering dat er allerlei kwaliteiten van de aarde verloren zijn gegaan. Tellegen beschrijft hoe het hedendaagse milieubesef en het gebruik van de term 'milieu' in de huidige betekenis pas in de jaren zestig van de vorige eeuw zijn ontstaan. Hij behandelt de uitzonderlijke toename van menselijke milieubelasting in de laatste eeuwen, schetst het succes en falen van het milieubeleid en de veranderingen in het denken over milieuvraagstukk

Making Urban Nature is an inspirational book of examples about nature-inclusive designing in European cities. Simultaneously utopian and pragmatic, it discusses the unique nature of urban habitats and calls for the purposeful integration of nature in the designs of buildings and urban outdoor spaces, while offering practical examples and design suggestions. Animals in the city - biotopes in the city - ecological management and policy . Stadt - Stadtplanung - Natur - Gestaltung - Design

The Province of Gelderland has long boasted a large number of country houses and landed estates, which over time coalesced into estate landscapes around the historical capitals of the Duchy of Guelders quarters of Nijmegen, Arnhem and Zutphen. Rapidly increasing urbanization from the end of the nineteenth century onwards threatened the coherence and accessibility of these landscapes. Gelderland's largest cities, Arnhem and Nijmegen, watched in dismay as many country houses and landed estates fell victim to subdivision and development. In response they started to buy up portions of that estate landscape to ensure that they would remain available to city dwellers. In addition, the 'safety net' provided by newly established nature and landscape organizations, in particular Natuurmonumenten and Geldersch Landschap & Kasteelen, also contributed to preservation and permanent accessibility by offering landed families the opportunity to keep their estate intact, albeit no longer under their ownership. Similar motives – the need to preserve attractive, accessible walking areas for the increasingly urbanized society – underpinned the government's introduction of the Nature Conservation Act in 1928. The Act was invoked more frequently in Gelderland than in any other province. It promoted the opening up of private properties as well as the preservation of the cultural value of the kind of 'natural beauty' to be found on landed estates. After the Second World War, in addition to resorting to the Nature Conservation Act, the owners of country houses and landed estates could avail themselves of an increasing variety of grants aimed at preserving (publicly accessible) nature, landscape and heritage, although the emphasis was firmly on nature. Estate landscapes like the Veluwezoom and the County of Zutphen were eventually safeguarded by a patchwork of different government regulations. In the twenty-first century, government policy shifted towards providing financial support for both public and private contributions to ...

Systematic Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Systematic Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) was introduced in the social sciences by Charles Ragin in 1987. Literature on and applications of QCA show the method as a way to systematically organize, summarize and compare qualitative data to discover and analyze patterns occurring over cases. Although the literature stresses the importance of iterating between theory and data in its procedures, its grounded nature remains relatively underexposed. In this article we illustrate the principles of QCA by means of a qualitative comparative analysis of fourteen Dutch spatial planning projects, thereby also articulating the method's grounded nature.

This editorial offers an introduction to the first three contributions in this volume about educating students in Methodology and in particular in qualitative research methods. In the near future Universities of Applied Sciences have to come up with plans for educating their students in methodology. In this editorial many questions are posed about the nature of research methods that will be taught at Universities of Applied Sciences. In December 2012 a conference is going to be organized about this topic.