The analysis of nature management processes on global, regional and local scales is carried out taking into account the ideas and practical experience of foreign research and nature protection professionals.By a case study of the investigated nature management process, the role of control as a concurrent of strategic processes is grounded. The significance of nature protection auditis assessed in the context of the outlines of nature protection policy. The theoretical and empirical methodology of investigation is elaborated. A survey of the opinions of the officers of governmental bodies of the Republic of Lithuania and the staff of NGOs on the amendment of nature management process is carried out.At the end of this paper, the possibilities of partnership are evaluated and the recommendations for nature management as well as the approaches leading towards the effectiveness of its process are formulated.
The analysis of nature management processes on global, regional and local scales is carried out taking into account the ideas and practical experience of foreign research and nature protection professionals.By a case study of the investigated nature management process, the role of control as a concurrent of strategic processes is grounded. The significance of nature protection auditis assessed in the context of the outlines of nature protection policy. The theoretical and empirical methodology of investigation is elaborated. A survey of the opinions of the officers of governmental bodies of the Republic of Lithuania and the staff of NGOs on the amendment of nature management process is carried out.At the end of this paper, the possibilities of partnership are evaluated and the recommendations for nature management as well as the approaches leading towards the effectiveness of its process are formulated.
Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]
Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]
Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]
The aim of the paper is to reconstruct and analyze Alvydas Jokubaitis's under-standing of politics. It is argued that Jokubaitis couples politics with morality in opposition to the liberal project of the autonomy of politics, which seeks to separate these two fields of human activity. According to Jokubaitis, politics is a realm of realization of the spiritual side of human nature. That is the reason why, through morality, he also tries to align poli-tics with other domains of human spirituality, such as religion and metaphysics. What is common to politics, morality, religion, and metaphysics is the sphere of normativity, i.e., that of purposes, principles, and imperatives. At the same time, Jokubaitis attacks those schools of modern thought which interpret politics as corresponding solely to the physical, animal side of human nature. In this regard, positivism and scientism are singled out as the crudest attempts to misconstrue the nature of politics. The paper is based on a convic-tion that the acknowledgement of the importance of morality allows one to piece together Jokubaitis's various considerations about the nature and distinctiveness of politics into a coherent whole.
The aim of the paper is to reconstruct and analyze Alvydas Jokubaitis's under-standing of politics. It is argued that Jokubaitis couples politics with morality in opposition to the liberal project of the autonomy of politics, which seeks to separate these two fields of human activity. According to Jokubaitis, politics is a realm of realization of the spiritual side of human nature. That is the reason why, through morality, he also tries to align poli-tics with other domains of human spirituality, such as religion and metaphysics. What is common to politics, morality, religion, and metaphysics is the sphere of normativity, i.e., that of purposes, principles, and imperatives. At the same time, Jokubaitis attacks those schools of modern thought which interpret politics as corresponding solely to the physical, animal side of human nature. In this regard, positivism and scientism are singled out as the crudest attempts to misconstrue the nature of politics. The paper is based on a convic-tion that the acknowledgement of the importance of morality allows one to piece together Jokubaitis's various considerations about the nature and distinctiveness of politics into a coherent whole.
The aim of the paper is to reconstruct and analyze Alvydas Jokubaitis's under-standing of politics. It is argued that Jokubaitis couples politics with morality in opposition to the liberal project of the autonomy of politics, which seeks to separate these two fields of human activity. According to Jokubaitis, politics is a realm of realization of the spiritual side of human nature. That is the reason why, through morality, he also tries to align poli-tics with other domains of human spirituality, such as religion and metaphysics. What is common to politics, morality, religion, and metaphysics is the sphere of normativity, i.e., that of purposes, principles, and imperatives. At the same time, Jokubaitis attacks those schools of modern thought which interpret politics as corresponding solely to the physical, animal side of human nature. In this regard, positivism and scientism are singled out as the crudest attempts to misconstrue the nature of politics. The paper is based on a convic-tion that the acknowledgement of the importance of morality allows one to piece together Jokubaitis's various considerations about the nature and distinctiveness of politics into a coherent whole.
The aim of the paper is to reconstruct and analyze Alvydas Jokubaitis's under-standing of politics. It is argued that Jokubaitis couples politics with morality in opposition to the liberal project of the autonomy of politics, which seeks to separate these two fields of human activity. According to Jokubaitis, politics is a realm of realization of the spiritual side of human nature. That is the reason why, through morality, he also tries to align poli-tics with other domains of human spirituality, such as religion and metaphysics. What is common to politics, morality, religion, and metaphysics is the sphere of normativity, i.e., that of purposes, principles, and imperatives. At the same time, Jokubaitis attacks those schools of modern thought which interpret politics as corresponding solely to the physical, animal side of human nature. In this regard, positivism and scientism are singled out as the crudest attempts to misconstrue the nature of politics. The paper is based on a convic-tion that the acknowledgement of the importance of morality allows one to piece together Jokubaitis's various considerations about the nature and distinctiveness of politics into a coherent whole.
Nature and Legitimacy of the Macroprudential Policy This paper analyzes the concept of macroprudential policy by introducing the evolution of its development and legitimation. As the starting point, the economic crisis of 2008 that shocked has been chosen. It was the latest crisis that led to the understanding of the importance of macroprudential policy measures in ensuring financial stability. As a result, at the request of the European Commission the report by the jacques de larosière group of experts not only gave a detailed account of the causes of the global economic crisis but also issued thirty-one recommendations on the basis of which the responsible authorities of the european union and the member states have substantially modernized their systems for the stability of the financial system. The work presents this new regulation and the activities of the bank of Lithuania in the field of macroprudential policy implementation. The first part is devoted to the presentation of macroprudential policies until 2008, while the second half presents the valid and current regulation of macroprudential policy. As a result, there is a clear contrast between the former and the existing legal regulation, not only listing the changes that have taken place in politic.
Nature and Legitimacy of the Macroprudential Policy This paper analyzes the concept of macroprudential policy by introducing the evolution of its development and legitimation. As the starting point, the economic crisis of 2008 that shocked has been chosen. It was the latest crisis that led to the understanding of the importance of macroprudential policy measures in ensuring financial stability. As a result, at the request of the European Commission the report by the jacques de larosière group of experts not only gave a detailed account of the causes of the global economic crisis but also issued thirty-one recommendations on the basis of which the responsible authorities of the european union and the member states have substantially modernized their systems for the stability of the financial system. The work presents this new regulation and the activities of the bank of Lithuania in the field of macroprudential policy implementation. The first part is devoted to the presentation of macroprudential policies until 2008, while the second half presents the valid and current regulation of macroprudential policy. As a result, there is a clear contrast between the former and the existing legal regulation, not only listing the changes that have taken place in politic.
Nature and Legitimacy of the Macroprudential Policy This paper analyzes the concept of macroprudential policy by introducing the evolution of its development and legitimation. As the starting point, the economic crisis of 2008 that shocked has been chosen. It was the latest crisis that led to the understanding of the importance of macroprudential policy measures in ensuring financial stability. As a result, at the request of the European Commission the report by the jacques de larosière group of experts not only gave a detailed account of the causes of the global economic crisis but also issued thirty-one recommendations on the basis of which the responsible authorities of the european union and the member states have substantially modernized their systems for the stability of the financial system. The work presents this new regulation and the activities of the bank of Lithuania in the field of macroprudential policy implementation. The first part is devoted to the presentation of macroprudential policies until 2008, while the second half presents the valid and current regulation of macroprudential policy. As a result, there is a clear contrast between the former and the existing legal regulation, not only listing the changes that have taken place in politic.
Nature and Legitimacy of the Macroprudential Policy This paper analyzes the concept of macroprudential policy by introducing the evolution of its development and legitimation. As the starting point, the economic crisis of 2008 that shocked has been chosen. It was the latest crisis that led to the understanding of the importance of macroprudential policy measures in ensuring financial stability. As a result, at the request of the European Commission the report by the jacques de larosière group of experts not only gave a detailed account of the causes of the global economic crisis but also issued thirty-one recommendations on the basis of which the responsible authorities of the european union and the member states have substantially modernized their systems for the stability of the financial system. The work presents this new regulation and the activities of the bank of Lithuania in the field of macroprudential policy implementation. The first part is devoted to the presentation of macroprudential policies until 2008, while the second half presents the valid and current regulation of macroprudential policy. As a result, there is a clear contrast between the former and the existing legal regulation, not only listing the changes that have taken place in politic.
SUMMARY SPECIAL-PURPOSE LEAVES, TYPES, NATURE, AND PAYMENT PROCEDURE Institute of special-purpose leave—which is set out under the Lithuanian labour law—is a legal expression of the right of each working individual to recreation and leisure as declared in the Constitution. Ensuring the right to special-purpose leave provides better opportunities for safeguarding employee rights and interests as well as at the same time strengthening the role of the key labour law function, i.e. the protective function. In the beginning, there were only three types of special-purpose leave to which Lithuanian employees were entitled, although taking into account changes that are taking place in the society, the institute of leave was gradually reformed together with other labour associated legal relations, due to which employees of today are able to utilize their right to pregnancy and confinement leave, child-care leave, parental leave, educational leave, sabbatical leave, and leave for performance of official or public duties. The content of this paper consists of four parts: 1. conception, nature, and types of special-purpose leave; 2. special-purpose leave for balancing labour and family obligations; 3. special-purpose leave for employee personal and vocational improvement; 4. free of work time for delivery of various socially significant actions. Special-purpose leave is a rather new institute in Lithuanian labour law. On the level of doctrines and science it is practically untouched. Thus this master's degree thesis—on the basis of comparative analysis of formerly valid legislative acts and current foreign (Latvian, Polish, Russian, and Belarus) legal regulation—reveals the nature and legal rationale of special-purpose leave as well as provides definitions of these leave types, and details their award and payment procedure. The Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania regulates the special-purpose leave in a rather abstract and concise way, which suggests rather few theoretical and practical issues. The paper attempts accentuating these issues and—on the basis of case-law, consultations supplied by the State Labour Inspectorate specialists, and experience of other countries—suggesting possible ways for resolution of these issues as well as trends for improvement of legal regulation in the area of special-purpose leave.
SUMMARY SPECIAL-PURPOSE LEAVES, TYPES, NATURE, AND PAYMENT PROCEDURE Institute of special-purpose leave—which is set out under the Lithuanian labour law—is a legal expression of the right of each working individual to recreation and leisure as declared in the Constitution. Ensuring the right to special-purpose leave provides better opportunities for safeguarding employee rights and interests as well as at the same time strengthening the role of the key labour law function, i.e. the protective function. In the beginning, there were only three types of special-purpose leave to which Lithuanian employees were entitled, although taking into account changes that are taking place in the society, the institute of leave was gradually reformed together with other labour associated legal relations, due to which employees of today are able to utilize their right to pregnancy and confinement leave, child-care leave, parental leave, educational leave, sabbatical leave, and leave for performance of official or public duties. The content of this paper consists of four parts: 1. conception, nature, and types of special-purpose leave; 2. special-purpose leave for balancing labour and family obligations; 3. special-purpose leave for employee personal and vocational improvement; 4. free of work time for delivery of various socially significant actions. Special-purpose leave is a rather new institute in Lithuanian labour law. On the level of doctrines and science it is practically untouched. Thus this master's degree thesis—on the basis of comparative analysis of formerly valid legislative acts and current foreign (Latvian, Polish, Russian, and Belarus) legal regulation—reveals the nature and legal rationale of special-purpose leave as well as provides definitions of these leave types, and details their award and payment procedure. The Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania regulates the special-purpose leave in a rather abstract and concise way, which suggests rather few theoretical and practical issues. The paper attempts accentuating these issues and—on the basis of case-law, consultations supplied by the State Labour Inspectorate specialists, and experience of other countries—suggesting possible ways for resolution of these issues as well as trends for improvement of legal regulation in the area of special-purpose leave.
