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Nguyen Khac Huynh was a key member of the 1968-1973 Paris Peace Talks on the Vietnam War. He talks to DNA about how Vietnam managed to negotiate a settlement that saw the US withdraw from South Vietnam, despite being a weaker power. Hear also the long-time diplomat, soldier and academic's thoughts on the qualities of a good leader.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Dismemberment of States — Changes in law by parent State subsequent to accession to independence by constituent part — Changes affecting private rights — French Protectorate in Indochina — French Union — Accession of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam to independence — Application of French legislation providing for compensation for war damage in Indochina — French legislation authorizing exclusion of nationals of independent States from compensation — Whether applicable to existing claims — The law of France.

In his well-known essay "on Contradiction", Mao Tse-tung uses the words of another Chinese leader to stress a point which he considers to be vitally important in waging successful military campaigns. Quoting from Sun Tzu, Mao says: "Know you enemy and know yourself and you can fight a hundred battles without disaster."

International law — Relation to municipal law — Terms of Treaty providing for entry into force on signature — Constitution of one Contracting Party providing for requirement of ratification — Whether Treaty applicable in territory of such Party from date of signature or from date of ratification — The law of France;Treaties — Entry into force — Terms of Treaty providing for entry into force on signature — Constitution of one Contracting Party providing for requirement of ratification — Whether Treaty applicable in territory of such Party from date of signature or from date of ratification — Treaty of August 16, 1955, between France and Vietnam — The law of France.

Dr. Nguyen Khac Vien (78) kehrte 1963 nach 25 Jahren Aufenthalt in Frankreich nach Vietnam zurück und war bis zur Pensionierung Direktor des Fremsprachenverlags in Hanoi und Herausgeber der Studienreihe "Etudes Vietnamienne". Er leitet heute das Zentrum für Studien in Kinder-Psychologie.(N.T.-Zentrum). Diese Nichtregierungs-Organisation ist die erste dieser Art in Vietnam und wurde 1988 von ihm und einer Gruppe von Kinderärzten und Pädagogen gegründet. Nguyen Khac Vien konnte seine politische Unabhängigkeit in allen Richtungskämpfen der KP Vietnams behaupten und genießt innerhalb und außerhalb Vietnams als Intellektueller der KP und Anwalt eines "humanen Sozialismus" großes Ansehen. Er setzt sich seit langer Zeit mit der bürokratischen Entwicklung und Entfremdung der Partei auseinander und richtete bereits 1981 einen offenen Brief an die Nationalversammlung mit der Forderung nach Trennung von Partei und Staat. Er gehört zu den Kräften, die das Reformprogramm des VI. Parteitages von 1986 eingeleitet haben und seitdem für eine konkrete Umsetzung plädieren. In diesem Brief an die Vaterländische Front verabschiedet er sich von der "führenden Rolle" der KP Vietnams und wirft eine Menge Fragen über den gegenwärtigen "Siegeszug der freien Marktwirtschaft" auf.

660Human rights — Right to life — Right to equal protection — Mandatory death penalty — Whether constitutional — Whether mandatory death penalty arbitrary — Whether depriving of life in accordance with the law — Whether customary international law rule prohibiting hanging as mode of execution — Whether domestic legislation inconsistent with Singapore Constitution — Whether mandatory death penalty violating Articles 9, 12 and 93 of Singapore ConstitutionRelationship of international law and municipal law — Customary international law — Prohibition against cruel and inhuman treatment or punishment — Whether specific customary international law prohibition against hanging as mode of execution — State practice — Whether sufficient evidence for customary international law prohibition against death penalty generally — Whether customary international law rule or domestic statute prevailing in event of inconsistency — Whether Singapore Constitution importing customary international law into Singapore — Treaties and customary international law — Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963 — Whether stating principles of customary international lawConsular relations — Treaties — Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963 — Singapore not party to Convention — Prevailing norms of conduct between States — Whether requirement of consular access before statements recorded — Whether statements admissible — Whether breach of Article 36(1) — The law of Singapore

Theories and frameworks of livelihoods by scholars and DIFD were defined. Furthermore, the study finds out five factors of the framework of livelihood as external context, institutional and policy process, livelihood assets, livelihood strategies, and livelihood outcomes. Typical framework on 1) Scooner's sustainable rural livelihood framework source (1998), 2) DFID sustainable livelihood analysis, 3) Sustainable livelihood framework IFAD (2003) was introduced. DFID framework was used to analyze livelihood analytical frameworks of ethnic minorities in the study area of Thai Nguyen province. Main factors affecting the livelihood of ethnic minority households, such as policy and government program, shocks and risk, education and training, characteristics of ethnic minority groups, and development program aid.

Statt als promovierte Chemikerin im Labor zu forschen, berichtet Dr. Mai Thi Nguyen-Kim als Journalistin, Autorin und Youtuberin über die Wissenschaft. Dabei befolgt sie dieselben Leitsätze und Standards, wie in der Forschung: der Evidenz folgen, differenzieren, bei entsprechender Datenlage auch klare Schlüsse ziehen. Ein wohltuendes Erfolgsrezept, wie es sich gerade in der Corona-Pandemie gezeigt hat.

483Aliens — Admission — Discretionary power of Attorney-General to admit aliens on parole basis pending determination of final immigration status — Scope of power — South Vietnamese children admitted into the United States on parole basis for adoption by United States families — Allegation that some children ineligible for adoption being illegally detained in the United States in violation of their constitutional rights — Application to obtain records containing details of children's background — Whether justiciable action — The law of the United States