Suchergebnisse

In an examination of US nuclear & conventional bombing strategies in the Northeast Asia, the author argues that the new type of "exterminist" warfare inaugurated by Hiroshima & Nagasaki makes moot all discussion of Augustinan just war theory, or Clausewitzian "total war." A fictional narrative of Los Angeles under attack parallels the "black wind" & "black rains" suffered by civilians in Hiroshima & Nagasaki, & the US threats of nuclear bombs in the Korean theater. Despite findings that show attacks against civilians only stiffen resistance, the US bombings of dams & cities in Korea were used as psychological warfare. The establishment of nuclear diplomacy in Korea is described from the perspective of US positioning of weaponry in South Korea, & related to US Cold War & post 9/11 policies. The main nuclear threat in Korea is concluded to have been the US, & an assessment of morality in warfare is argued to begin with President Truman's culpability in yielding to the passions of war. J. Harwell

Ting Wai sees Taiwan as a flashpoint in China's nuclear strategy, especially if the US reveals any intention to intervene in the case of cross-strait military conflict. From his observation point in Hong Kong, Ting analyzes the possibility of nuclear warfare between China & Taiwan. He reviews China's missile inventory, especially the short-range ballistic missiles aimed at Taiwan, & discerns relatively recent changes in China's military strategy -- both defensive & offensive -- including the possibility that it might abandon its nuclear no-first-strike policy, at least against Taiwan. In Ting's view, China will continue its defense modernization & development of nuclear weapons with the aim of frightening Taiwan to the negotiating table to consider possibilities for reunification. J. Stanton

"Deterrence theory states that world stability can be maintained if the costs of war far out-weigh its benefits. Weapons and strategies that make defense cheaper and offense more costly decrease the likelihood of conflict. Nuclear weapons may have thereby helped create the stability of the Cold War via the costs associated with launching first; according to this argument, war between the US and USSR never occurred because the price of war (i.e. mutual destruction) was too high. This theoretical paper will extend this argument to cyber-attacks and suggest that in order to maintain the security of a nation's information technology, cyber-defense systems that correspond with Deterrence theory must be introduced. Cyber-attacks can be deterred if the proper system, a virus wall, is in place to counter any infiltration of a nation's defense systems. This proposed virus wall would be a way to achieve stability from nation state cyber-attacks. Theoretical advancements of International Relations will also be proposed, specifically considering the area of Security Studies" (author's abstract)

Postmodern society's response to economic scarcity & genocide is studied. It is contended that sociopolitical genocide, terrorist activity, & nuclear warfare may result in the future as resources become sparser. The different effects that various 20th-century genocides, delineation of contemporary society as postmodern, & proliferation of TV have had on creating postmodern identities are discussed. Theories addressing the potential long-term effects of possessing a flexible postmodern personality illustrate that multiplicity is the principal characteristic of such identities. It is speculated that postmoderns will offer an ambiguous responses to victims of genocide; whereas some individuals will sympathize with victims, increasing moral ambiguity & desensitization to violence may cause some people to actually tolerate genocide. It is concluded that Western states' commitment to preventing genocide may augment postmodern people's willingness to support such efforts. J. W. Parker

Contends that major war has been in decline since 1945, the chief reason for which is the development of nuclear weapons. The "nuclear effect" on both warfare & deterrence in the post-World War II era is described. The rise of the UN & international laws, alliances, & are also considered. But nuclear weapons have served to make attacks on & by sovereign states & territorial conquest a less appealing policy option. K. Coddon