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HIV and Hepatitis C Coinfection; Chronic Renal Failure; Ribavirin ; Coinfecció VIH i Hepatitis C; Insuficiència Renal Crònica; Ribavirina ; Coinfección VIH y Hepatitis C; Insuficiencia Renal Crónica; Ribavirina ; Background and aims: Limited data are available on the effectiveness and tolerability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapies in the real world for HCV-infected patients with comorbidities. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of OBV/PTV/r ± DSV (3D/2D regimen) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in HCV or HCV/HIV co-infected patients with GT1/GT4 and CKD (IIIb-V stages), including those under hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in routine clinical practice in Spain in 2015. Material and methods: Non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter data collection study in 31 Spanish sites. Socio-demographic, clinical variables, study treatment characteristics, effectiveness and tolerability data were collected from medical records. Results: Data from 135 patients with a mean age (SD) of 58.3 (11.4) years were analyzed: 92.6% GT1 (81.6% GT1b and 17.6% GT1a) and 7.4% GT4, 14 (10.4%) HIV/HCV co-infected, 19.0% with fibrosis F3 and 28.1% F4 by FibroScan®, 52.6% were previously treated with pegIFN and RBV. 11.1%, 14.8% and 74.1% of patients had CKD stage IIIb, IV and V respectively. 68.9% of patients were on hemodialysis; 8.9% on peritoneal dialysis and 38.5% had history of renal transplant. A total of 125 (96.2%) of 135 patients were treated with 3D, 10 (7.4%) with 2D and 30.4% received RBV. The overall intention-to-treat (ITT) sustained virologic response at week 12 (SVR12) was 92.6% (125/135) and the overall modified-ITT (mITT) SVR12 was 99.2% (125/126). The SVR12 rates (ITT) per sub-groups were: HCV mono-infected (91.7%), HCV/HIV co-infected (100%), GT1 (92.0%), GT4 (100%), CKD stage IIIb (86.7%), stage IV (95%) and stage V (93%). Among the 10 non-SVR there was only 1 virologic failure (0.7%); 4 patients had missing data due lost to follow up (3.0%) and 5 patients discontinued 3D/2D regimen (3.7%): 4 due to severe adverse events (including 3 deaths) and 1 patient´s decision. Conclusions: These results have shown that 3D/2D regimens are effective and tolerable in patients with advanced CKD including those in dialysis with GT 1 or 4 chronic HCV mono-infection and HIV/HCV coinfection in a real-life cohort. The overall SVR12 rates were 92.6% (ITT) and 99.2% (mITT) without clinically relevant changes in eGFR until 12 weeks post-treatment. These results are consistent with those reported in clinical trials. ; MCL has served as consultant for AbbVie, MSD, Janssen, BMS and Gilead; MRB has received grant research from Gilead Science, and speaker fees from AbbVie, Gilead and MSD; MR has received speaker fees from AbbVie; MD has received grant support and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead and Merck, Sharp & Dhome; FGR has served as speaker for AbbVie, Gilead and BMS; MLM has served as a speaker for AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, Janssen, MSD and ViiV; as a consultant for AbbVie, BMS and Janssen and has received research funding from FIPSE 36465/03, FIPSE 36680/07.-NEAT IG5 (NEAT is a project funded by the European Union under the 6th Framework programme) contract number LSHP-CT-2006-037570; MAC has served as a consultant for Gilead and and ViiV healthcare, and has received speaker fees from Janssens, Gilead, ViiV Healthcare; MMA reports personal fees from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Merck, Janssen, AbbVie and ABBOTT Laboratories, outside the submitted work; AR has received consultancy and speaker fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences and Merck Sharp & Dohme; JM has received honoraria, speaker fees, consultant fees or funds for research from AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Roche and ViiV; EGP has received speaker fees from AbbVie and Gilead; LGB has served as consultant for AbbVie and Intercept and has received speaker fees from Gilead and MSD; AA, RMG, CB, TAE, MLG, BPL, IC, SB, LB, JGS, MJP, IMG, LM, IdlS, ML and JEL don't have a financial interest or affiliation with one or more organizations that could be perceived as a real or apparent conflict of interest in the context of the subject of this paper; CdA and AM are paid employees of AbbVie and may hold stock or options. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. The design, study conduct, and financial support for the study were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the manuscript.

Aim We describe the effectiveness and safety of the interferon-free regimen ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir with or without ribavirin (OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV) in a nationwide representative sample of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus-1/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfected population in Spain. Material and methods Data were collected from patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 or 4, with or without HIV-1 coinfection, treated with OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV at 61 Spanish sites within the initial implementation year of the first government-driven "National HCV plan." Effectiveness was assessed by sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) and compared between monoinfected and coinfected patients using a non-inferiority margin of 5% and a 90% confidence interval (CI). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics or patients and adverse events (AEs) were also recorded. Results Overall, 2, 408 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis: 386 (16%) were patients with HIV/HCV. Patient selection reflected the real distribution of patients treated in each participating region in Spain. From the total population, 96.6% (95% CI, 95.8–97.3%) achieved SVR12. Noninferiority of SVR12 in coinfected patients was met, with a difference between monoinfected and coinfected patients of -2.2% (90% CI, -4.5% - 0.2%). Only genotype 4 was associated with non-response to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV treatment (p<0.001) in the multivariate analysis. Overall, 286 patients (11.9%) presented AEs potentially related to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV, whereas 347 (29.0%) presented AEs potentially related to ribavirin and 61 (5.1%) interrupted ribavirin. Conclusions Our results confirm that OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV is effective and generally well tolerated in a representative sample of the HCV monoinfected and HCV/HIV coinfected population in Spain within the experience of a national strategic plan to tackle HCV.

[Aim] We describe the effectiveness and safety of the interferon-free regimen ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir with or without ribavirin (OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV) in a nationwide representative sample of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus-1/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfected population in Spain. ; [Material and methods] Data were collected from patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 or 4, with or without HIV-1 coinfection, treated with OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV at 61 Spanish sites within the initial implementation year of the first government-driven "National HCV plan." Effectiveness was assessed by sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) and compared between monoinfected and coinfected patients using a non-inferiority margin of 5% and a 90% confidence interval (CI). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics or patients and adverse events (AEs) were also recorded. ; [Results] Overall, 2,408 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis: 386 (16%) were patients with HIV/HCV. Patient selection reflected the real distribution of patients treated in each participating region in Spain. From the total population, 96.6% (95% CI, 95.8–97.3%) achieved SVR12. Noninferiority of SVR12 in coinfected patients was met, with a difference between monoinfected and coinfected patients of −2.2% (90% CI, −4.5% - 0.2%). Only genotype 4 was associated with non-response to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV treatment (p<0.001) in the multivariate analysis. Overall, 286 patients (11.9%) presented AEs potentially related to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV, whereas 347 (29.0%) presented AEs potentially related to ribavirin and 61 (5.1%) interrupted ribavirin. ; [Conclusions] Our results confirm that OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV is effective and generally well tolerated in a representative sample of the HCV monoinfected and HCV/HIV coinfected population in Spain within the experience of a national strategic plan to tackle HCV. ; The design, study conduct, and financial support for the study were provided by AbbVie (https://www.abbvie.com/). ; Peer reviewed

The design, study conduct, and financial support for the study were provided by AbbVie (https://www.abbvie.com/). AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the manuscript. Medical writing and editing services were provided by Medical Statistics Consulting (MSC) and funded by AbbVie. ; Aim We describe the effectiveness and safety of the interferon-free regimen ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir with or without ribavirin (OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV) in a nationwide representative sample of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus-1/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfected population in Spain. Material and methods Data were collected from patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 or 4, with or without HIV-1 coinfection, treated with OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV at 61 Spanish sites within the initial implementation year of the first government-driven "National HCV plan." Effectiveness was assessed by sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) and compared between monoinfected and coinfected patients using a non-inferiority margin of 5% and a 90% confidence interval (CI). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics or patients and adverse events (AEs) were also recorded. Results Overall, 2,408 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis: 386 (16%) were patients with HIV/HCV. Patient selection reflected the real distribution of patients treated in each participating region in Spain. From the total population, 96.6% (95% CI, 95.8-97.3%) achieved SVR12. Noninferiority of SVR12 in coinfected patients was met, with a difference between monoinfected and coinfected patients of −2.2% (90% CI, −4.5% - 0.2%). Only genotype 4 was associated with non-response to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV ± RBV treatment (p<0.001) in the multivariate analysis. Overall, 286 patients (11.9%) presented AEs potentially related to OBV/PTV/r ± DSV, whereas 347 (29.0%) presented AEs potentially related to ribavirin and 61 (5.1%) interrupted ribavirin. Conclusions ...

This book proposes an integrated approach to patent risk and capital budgeting in pharmaceutical research and development (R and D), developing an option-based view (OBV) of imperfect patent protection, which draws upon contingent-claims analysis, stochastic game theory, as well as novel numerical methods. The text re-initiates a discussion about the contribution of quantitative frameworks to value-based R and D management.

Rezension von: 1. Erich Maylah: Alphotel Gaflei. Das KLV-Lager 93 im Fürstentum Liechtenstein (Dokumente und Berichte zur Erweiterten Kinderlandverschickung 1940-1945. Bd. 4). Bochum/Freiburg: projekt verlag 2005 (215 S.; ISBN 3-89733-125-X; 15,00 EUR); 2. Fritz Steiner: Innsbrucker Kinderlandverschickung. KLV-Lager in Tirol (Dokumente und Berichte zur Erweiterten Kinderlandverschickung. Bd. 5). Bochum/Freiburg: projekt verlag 2005 (248 S.; ISBN 3-89733-127-6; 17,00 EUR); 3. Eduard Füller: Kinderlandverschickung. Münsters Schulen in Oberbayern 1943 bis 1945 (Kleine Schriften aus dem Stadtarchiv Münster. Bd. 7). Münster: Ardey-Verlag 2004 (206 S.; ISBN 3-87023-184-X; 13,90 EUR); 4. Helmut Engelbrecht: Lagerschulen. Schule unter Einfluss von Krieg und Vertreibung. Bildungsnotstand durch Kriegsereignisse, Kriegserfordernisse und Kriegsfolgen in Österreich. Wien: öbv&hpt Verlag 2004 (264 S.; ISBN 3-209-04699-9; 23,80 EUR).

La Politique nationale de l'eau du Québec a presque 20 ans. Afin de planifier une gestion intégrée des eaux par bassins versants (GIEBV), les organismes de bassins versants (OBV) doivent se concerter avec les acteurs de l'eau présents sur les bassins versants qui leur sont alloués. Cette concertation n'est pas obligatoire pour les différents acteurs qui ont des intérêts divers quant à la ressource en eau. Ils peuvent être, selon leur poste respectif, plus enclins ou non à participer à cette planification concertée de la GIEBV que mettent en place les OBV par l'entremise du Plan directeur de l'eau (PDE). Cette recherche s'intéresse à la participation du secteur privé au processus de concertation. Plus précisément, il s'agit d'une étude de cas concernant la participation du secteur minier de la Côte-Nord. Les entreprises privées ont un poids généralement fort considérable dans leur communauté d'accueil et leur implication dans la gouvernance de l'eau peut se révéler importante pour les populations. Une recherche documentaire a été faite pour mieux saisir les concepts abordés (gouvernance, responsabilité sociale des entreprises, décentralisation) et les enjeux centraux (pollution d'origine minière, problèmes des OBV dans l'exécution de leurs mandats). L'objectif est de répondre à la question suivante : Comment les différents acteurs perçoivent-ils le processus de concertation de la GIEBV et la place de la participation des entreprises minières de la Côte-Nord dans celui-ci ? L'hypothèse est que la concertation volontaire est difficile à mettre en place et qu'il n'est pas dans l'intérêt des compagnies minières d'y participer. À l'issu de cette étude, l'hypothèse n'est pas totalement confirmée. On observe effectivement des difficultés dans la mise en œuvre de la concertation, surtout dans les relations avec les compagnies minières. En revanche, on ne peut pas conclure qu'il n'est pas dans l'intérêt de ces entreprises d'y participer. ; Quebec's Water Policy has almost 20 years. To plan an integrated water management, the Watershed Organizations need to implement consultation and cooperation between all water stakeholders. The consultation meeting is not an obligation for them, it is voluntary. They all have a different relation with the water resources. Depending of their role in their respective organization, they have various interests, which may influence their participation to the integrated water management planed by the Watershed Organizations with the Water Master Plan. This study focuses on the mining industry of the Côte-Nord region and its participation to the consultation. The private sector often has a significant influence in their host communities, so they can have great impacts on the population.The main goal of this research is to know how stakeholders perceive consultation meetings for the integrated water management by watershed, and what is the place of the mining industry's participation. The hypothesis is that a voluntary consultation is hard to organize and that it is not in the mining industry's interests to participate. Some interviews have been realized during summer and fall of 2019 to help answer these questions. This case study shows a summary portrait of Quebec's water governance in a context of decentralization and allows a reflection on our natural resource management methods. The hypothesis is not well confirmed. There are effectively some difficulties to plan a voluntary consultation, however we cannot confirm it is not in the interest of the mining companies to be part of it.

Titel -- Impressum -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Vorwort: »Börse ist kein Spiel, also halten Sie sich an die Spielregeln!« -- Kapitel 1: Darstellung und Chartkonstruktionen -- Der Linienchart -- Der Bar-Chart -- Der Candlestick-Chart -- Point & Figure-Charts -- Die Größe der Chartdarstellung -- Viel Platz nach oben -- Kapitel 2: Der Trend -- Der Steigungswinkel -- Was ist ein 45°-Winkel? -- Trendkanal -- Kapitel 3: Unterstützung und Widerstand -- Kreuzunterstützung und Kreuzwiderstand -- Anlegerverhalten bei Widerständen -- Der Einfluss der großen runden Zahl -- Kapitel 4: Der Umsatz -- Umsatz oder Volumen? -- Der Umsatz geht mit dem Trend -- Der Blow-off -- Der Sell-off -- Umsatz an besonderen Tagen -- Candlevolume -- Kapitel 5: Formationsanalyse -- Trendumkehrformationen -- Inverse SKS nach einem Abwärtstrend -- Dreiecke -- Wenn es nur so einfach wäre -- V-Formation -- W- und M-Formationen -- Doppel-Boden oder W-Formation -- Doppel-Top oder M-Formation -- Triple Bottom (Dreifach-Boden, Dreifach-Tief) und Triple Top (Dreifach-Top, Dreifach-Hoch) -- Keilformationen -- Flaggen -- Wimpel -- Rechtecke -- Kapitel 6: Gleitende Durchschnitte -- Einfache Durchschnittslinie oder einfacher Gleitender Durchschnitt -- Gewichteter Gleitender Durchschnitt -- Exponentiell gewichteter Durchschnitt -- Kapitel 7: Gaps -- Ausbruchsgap oder Ausbruchslücke -- Fortsetzungsgap oder Fortsetzungslücke -- Erschöpfungsgap oder Erschöpfungslücke -- Inselumkehr -- Kapitel 8: Indikatoren/Oszillatoren -- Der Unterschied zwischen Indikatoren und Oszillatoren -- ADX (Average Directional Movement Index) -- MACD -- Momentum -- On-Balance-Volume (OBV) -- RSI -- Stochastik Slow/Fast -- Verhalten mit unterschiedlichen Indikatoren -- Kapitel 9: Candlestick-Analyse -- Hammer -- Zusammengesetzter Hammer -- Hanging Man -- Shooting Star -- Inverted Hammer -- Doji -- Evening Star

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar comparativamente las competencias interculturales construidas y desarrolladas por los estudiantes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Chiquintad periodo lectivo 2019-2020. Para ello, se ha recurrido a un enfoque investigativo cualitativo interpretativo de inducción analítica al contrastar proposiciones relacionadas al concepto de competencia intercultural. Se analizó bibliografía especializada para obtener información cualitativa y cuantitativa que permita focalizar la evolución de la educación intercultural latinoamericana con énfasis en la región andina y Ecuador. Con perspectiva intercultural crítica se analizó interpretó y sistematizó información relevante obtenida de los indicadores de los ODS 1, 4 y 5; del Proyecto Intercultural dentro del paradigma epistémico, político, social y cultural del Buen Vivir (OBV); del estado actual del servicio educativo fiscal; y de la evaluación interna y externa de aprendizajes dentro del marco jurídico de la LOEI para plantear una concepción de Competencias Interculturales como una lógica trivalente de saberes-haceres-poderes. Los resultados del bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Chiquintad se dan en función de saberes-haceres-poderes donde los grupos comparados muestran un debilitamiento en sus competencias interculturales de PODER necesarias para superar la colonialidad del saber y del poder, así como para la apropiación de los saberes haceres de su comunidad. En definitiva, las políticas públicas educativas se encuentran desgastadas por la politización de la educación sufrida en los últimos años y no representan rutas de acción para el Proyecto Intercultural y el Buen Vivir. ; This research aims to comparatively analyze the intercultural competences built and developed by the high school students of the Chiquintad High School, 2019-2020 school period. To do this, a qualitative investigative approach has been used to interpret analytical induction when contrasting propositions related to the concept of intercultural competence. Specialized bibliography was analyzed to obtain qualitative and quantitative information that allows focusing the evolution of Latin American intercultural education with emphasis on the Andean region and Ecuador. From a critical intercultural perspective, relevant information obtained from the SDG 1, 4 and 5 indicators was analyzed, interpreted and systematized; from the Intercultural Project within the epistemic, political, social and cultural paradigm of the Buen Vivir (OBV); from current state of the public educational service; and from the internal and external evaluation of learning within the legal framework of the LOEI to propose a conception of Intercultural Competences as a trivalent logic of knowledge-do-powers. Results of the Baccalaureate of the Chiquintad High School are based on knowledge-do-powers where the compared groups show a weakening in their intercultural competences of POWER necessary to overcome the coloniality of knowledge and power, as well as for the appropriation of know-how from your community. Definitely, public education policies are worn out by the politicization of education suffered in recent years and do not represent routes of action for the Intercultural Project and the Buen Vivir. ; Magíster en Educación con mención en Educación Intercultural ; Cuenca

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