Viešoji politika ir administravimas: mokslo darbai = Public policy and administration : research papers
ISSN: 2029-2872
ISSN: 2029-2872
Environmental protection - one of the most pressing topics in recent years. The paper analyzes the environmental policy-making and implementation in Lithuania, with regard to EU environemntal policy; environmental legal framework and institutions as well the main actors in environemtnal policy implementation. Attention to the public participation in environmental policy decision-making and implementation is paid. Public awareness problem and pasiveness is persistent in Lithuania, therefore public attitudes towards environmental policy formulation and implementation are of importance. The aim of the work - to assess residents' awareness of environmental issues, and to investigate their attitudes towards environmental policy making, implementation and public participation in decision-making. Conducted a survey reveal, that most of the environmental information is obtained from the Internet (45%), from television and radio (23%), periodicals (14%). 64% respondents state that information to the public about the environment is not suficient. As the most important environmental problem respondents identified – waste sorting (43%). The majority of respondents (71%) think, that one of the most efficient solution to environment problems is to increase fees and fines for polluters. The majority of the population interviewed (32%) as a key obstacle to implementation of the environmnetal policy named the indifference of society, 41% of respondents say that the environmental policy in general does not guarantee a clean and safe environment. 83% of the respondents believe that the responsible authorities should take into account public opinion then formulating legislation. Though the public is interested in environmental issues (39%), but 51% of the respondents do not consider that their personal contribution to environmental protection is significant.
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Environmental protection - one of the most pressing topics in recent years. The paper analyzes the environmental policy-making and implementation in Lithuania, with regard to EU environemntal policy; environmental legal framework and institutions as well the main actors in environemtnal policy implementation. Attention to the public participation in environmental policy decision-making and implementation is paid. Public awareness problem and pasiveness is persistent in Lithuania, therefore public attitudes towards environmental policy formulation and implementation are of importance. The aim of the work - to assess residents' awareness of environmental issues, and to investigate their attitudes towards environmental policy making, implementation and public participation in decision-making. Conducted a survey reveal, that most of the environmental information is obtained from the Internet (45%), from television and radio (23%), periodicals (14%). 64% respondents state that information to the public about the environment is not suficient. As the most important environmental problem respondents identified – waste sorting (43%). The majority of respondents (71%) think, that one of the most efficient solution to environment problems is to increase fees and fines for polluters. The majority of the population interviewed (32%) as a key obstacle to implementation of the environmnetal policy named the indifference of society, 41% of respondents say that the environmental policy in general does not guarantee a clean and safe environment. 83% of the respondents believe that the responsible authorities should take into account public opinion then formulating legislation. Though the public is interested in environmental issues (39%), but 51% of the respondents do not consider that their personal contribution to environmental protection is significant.
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Environmental protection - one of the most pressing topics in recent years. The paper analyzes the environmental policy-making and implementation in Lithuania, with regard to EU environemntal policy; environmental legal framework and institutions as well the main actors in environemtnal policy implementation. Attention to the public participation in environmental policy decision-making and implementation is paid. Public awareness problem and pasiveness is persistent in Lithuania, therefore public attitudes towards environmental policy formulation and implementation are of importance. The aim of the work - to assess residents' awareness of environmental issues, and to investigate their attitudes towards environmental policy making, implementation and public participation in decision-making. Conducted a survey reveal, that most of the environmental information is obtained from the Internet (45%), from television and radio (23%), periodicals (14%). 64% respondents state that information to the public about the environment is not suficient. As the most important environmental problem respondents identified – waste sorting (43%). The majority of respondents (71%) think, that one of the most efficient solution to environment problems is to increase fees and fines for polluters. The majority of the population interviewed (32%) as a key obstacle to implementation of the environmnetal policy named the indifference of society, 41% of respondents say that the environmental policy in general does not guarantee a clean and safe environment. 83% of the respondents believe that the responsible authorities should take into account public opinion then formulating legislation. Though the public is interested in environmental issues (39%), but 51% of the respondents do not consider that their personal contribution to environmental protection is significant.
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Šiame straipsnyje žvelgiama į Japonijos politinės kultūros ir vidaus veiksnių poveikį jos užsienio politikos formavimui. Atsakymo apie neįprastą Japonijos užsienio politikos pastovumą bei aukštą nuosaikumo laipsnį kardinaliai keičiantis tarptautinės sistemos struktūrai bandoma ieškoti įsišaknijusioje kultūroje, tradicijose ir istoriniuose pasakojimuose. Analizuojant Japonijos užsienio politikos elgesio modelį politikos, saugumo ir ekonomikos dimensijoje bei užsienio politikos vykdymą naudojant tyliąją diplomatiją, pateikiamos pagrindinės užsienio bei Japonijos tyrinėtojų siūlomos Japonijos užsienio politikos alternatyvos.
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Šiame straipsnyje žvelgiama į Japonijos politinės kultūros ir vidaus veiksnių poveikį jos užsienio politikos formavimui. Atsakymo apie neįprastą Japonijos užsienio politikos pastovumą bei aukštą nuosaikumo laipsnį kardinaliai keičiantis tarptautinės sistemos struktūrai bandoma ieškoti įsišaknijusioje kultūroje, tradicijose ir istoriniuose pasakojimuose. Analizuojant Japonijos užsienio politikos elgesio modelį politikos, saugumo ir ekonomikos dimensijoje bei užsienio politikos vykdymą naudojant tyliąją diplomatiją, pateikiamos pagrindinės užsienio bei Japonijos tyrinėtojų siūlomos Japonijos užsienio politikos alternatyvos.
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Šiame straipsnyje žvelgiama į Japonijos politinės kultūros ir vidaus veiksnių poveikį jos užsienio politikos formavimui. Atsakymo apie neįprastą Japonijos užsienio politikos pastovumą bei aukštą nuosaikumo laipsnį kardinaliai keičiantis tarptautinės sistemos struktūrai bandoma ieškoti įsišaknijusioje kultūroje, tradicijose ir istoriniuose pasakojimuose. Analizuojant Japonijos užsienio politikos elgesio modelį politikos, saugumo ir ekonomikos dimensijoje bei užsienio politikos vykdymą naudojant tyliąją diplomatiją, pateikiamos pagrindinės užsienio bei Japonijos tyrinėtojų siūlomos Japonijos užsienio politikos alternatyvos.
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This article focuses on formation of environmental policy in different periods in Lithuania. The purpose of the article is to analyze main steps of development environmental policy. Some researchers keep opinion that the beginning of environmental policy started in the interwar period. Meanwhile more environmental specialists are following position that in this period had been not founded any specialized environmental institution and the roots of environmental policy cannot be in the interwar years. Actually development of environmental policy started after Second World War in the soviet period when Nature Conservation Act has been adopted and State Nature Protection Committee, and some environmental protection agencies had been founded. The beginning of modern environmental policy started in the beginning of re – establishing of the Independent Republic when Sate Environmental Protection Department has been founded and Environmental Protection Act has been adopted. The adoption of the State Environmental Protection Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy are main current strategic instruments to develop modern environmental policy in Lithuania.
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This article focuses on formation of environmental policy in different periods in Lithuania. The purpose of the article is to analyze main steps of development environmental policy. Some researchers keep opinion that the beginning of environmental policy started in the interwar period. Meanwhile more environmental specialists are following position that in this period had been not founded any specialized environmental institution and the roots of environmental policy cannot be in the interwar years. Actually development of environmental policy started after Second World War in the soviet period when Nature Conservation Act has been adopted and State Nature Protection Committee, and some environmental protection agencies had been founded. The beginning of modern environmental policy started in the beginning of re – establishing of the Independent Republic when Sate Environmental Protection Department has been founded and Environmental Protection Act has been adopted. The adoption of the State Environmental Protection Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy are main current strategic instruments to develop modern environmental policy in Lithuania.
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"Image impact to the public policy agenda" is a research about how images affect institutional agenda. The main problem of this paper is the different approaches of two theories to the change of institutional agenda. The second problem is about images itself – why not all photos becomes images and what is an image. The main goal of this paper is to find out what kind of an impact an image can have on institutional agenda. To solve this problem this research uses Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and adds things from other theories. This paper has three main hypotheses H1: political entrepreneurs will take leadership to show the policy problem and will offer solutions, H2: The change on an image and its popularity will lead to an institutional agenda change, H3: The image will mobilize the media and it will frame the problem trying to show its position. All these hypotheses are confirmed. In this paper image was described as an event or its photo, which show a specific policy problem. There are 4 main objectives in this paper: to find a theoretical basis of analysis, analyze images and find what feedback it had, find the factor that changed the agenda. In this paper, we examine two images "Mato tragedy" and "Saviečių tragedy". Both of these images point to the same policy problem – child protection policy and services. The research shows that the main factor that led to the change in institutional agenda was society mobilization behind the problem. The image itself sparked a big response from the society, media, and entrepreneurs. They all pushed the decision makers to do something. The main tactic it used was shaming. Entrepreneurs and society publicly shamed the decision makers that had different opinion about childcare. They mobilized on social media and changed the mind of some decision makers. Using this paper, other researchers can look deeper into how political images affect policy. This paper only provides a basic view of how thing change and who can influence the change in agenda. It could be useful to look not just into the agenda change but also into the policy itself. You can also take an additional look into the effect of social media to politicians. This research showed that all the politicians use social media and take the content on it seriously. This paper offers a new look into agenda and policy change. It proves that rapid changes in agenda are possible without the change of governing coalition. This paper also includes various theories into one analytical basis that helps finding the way agenda can change. One of the exceptional things about this paper is the integration of social media. Because it is a big part of decision maker informational diet. You can find out what kind of information can see decision maker and what kind can change their minds using control on information from social media.
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"Image impact to the public policy agenda" is a research about how images affect institutional agenda. The main problem of this paper is the different approaches of two theories to the change of institutional agenda. The second problem is about images itself – why not all photos becomes images and what is an image. The main goal of this paper is to find out what kind of an impact an image can have on institutional agenda. To solve this problem this research uses Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and adds things from other theories. This paper has three main hypotheses H1: political entrepreneurs will take leadership to show the policy problem and will offer solutions, H2: The change on an image and its popularity will lead to an institutional agenda change, H3: The image will mobilize the media and it will frame the problem trying to show its position. All these hypotheses are confirmed. In this paper image was described as an event or its photo, which show a specific policy problem. There are 4 main objectives in this paper: to find a theoretical basis of analysis, analyze images and find what feedback it had, find the factor that changed the agenda. In this paper, we examine two images "Mato tragedy" and "Saviečių tragedy". Both of these images point to the same policy problem – child protection policy and services. The research shows that the main factor that led to the change in institutional agenda was society mobilization behind the problem. The image itself sparked a big response from the society, media, and entrepreneurs. They all pushed the decision makers to do something. The main tactic it used was shaming. Entrepreneurs and society publicly shamed the decision makers that had different opinion about childcare. They mobilized on social media and changed the mind of some decision makers. Using this paper, other researchers can look deeper into how political images affect policy. This paper only provides a basic view of how thing change and who can influence the change in agenda. It could be useful to look not just into the agenda change but also into the policy itself. You can also take an additional look into the effect of social media to politicians. This research showed that all the politicians use social media and take the content on it seriously. This paper offers a new look into agenda and policy change. It proves that rapid changes in agenda are possible without the change of governing coalition. This paper also includes various theories into one analytical basis that helps finding the way agenda can change. One of the exceptional things about this paper is the integration of social media. Because it is a big part of decision maker informational diet. You can find out what kind of information can see decision maker and what kind can change their minds using control on information from social media.
BASE
"Image impact to the public policy agenda" is a research about how images affect institutional agenda. The main problem of this paper is the different approaches of two theories to the change of institutional agenda. The second problem is about images itself – why not all photos becomes images and what is an image. The main goal of this paper is to find out what kind of an impact an image can have on institutional agenda. To solve this problem this research uses Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and adds things from other theories. This paper has three main hypotheses H1: political entrepreneurs will take leadership to show the policy problem and will offer solutions, H2: The change on an image and its popularity will lead to an institutional agenda change, H3: The image will mobilize the media and it will frame the problem trying to show its position. All these hypotheses are confirmed. In this paper image was described as an event or its photo, which show a specific policy problem. There are 4 main objectives in this paper: to find a theoretical basis of analysis, analyze images and find what feedback it had, find the factor that changed the agenda. In this paper, we examine two images "Mato tragedy" and "Saviečių tragedy". Both of these images point to the same policy problem – child protection policy and services. The research shows that the main factor that led to the change in institutional agenda was society mobilization behind the problem. The image itself sparked a big response from the society, media, and entrepreneurs. They all pushed the decision makers to do something. The main tactic it used was shaming. Entrepreneurs and society publicly shamed the decision makers that had different opinion about childcare. They mobilized on social media and changed the mind of some decision makers. Using this paper, other researchers can look deeper into how political images affect policy. This paper only provides a basic view of how thing change and who can influence the change in agenda. It could be useful to look not just into the agenda change but also into the policy itself. You can also take an additional look into the effect of social media to politicians. This research showed that all the politicians use social media and take the content on it seriously. This paper offers a new look into agenda and policy change. It proves that rapid changes in agenda are possible without the change of governing coalition. This paper also includes various theories into one analytical basis that helps finding the way agenda can change. One of the exceptional things about this paper is the integration of social media. Because it is a big part of decision maker informational diet. You can find out what kind of information can see decision maker and what kind can change their minds using control on information from social media.
BASE
"Image impact to the public policy agenda" is a research about how images affect institutional agenda. The main problem of this paper is the different approaches of two theories to the change of institutional agenda. The second problem is about images itself – why not all photos becomes images and what is an image. The main goal of this paper is to find out what kind of an impact an image can have on institutional agenda. To solve this problem this research uses Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and adds things from other theories. This paper has three main hypotheses H1: political entrepreneurs will take leadership to show the policy problem and will offer solutions, H2: The change on an image and its popularity will lead to an institutional agenda change, H3: The image will mobilize the media and it will frame the problem trying to show its position. All these hypotheses are confirmed. In this paper image was described as an event or its photo, which show a specific policy problem. There are 4 main objectives in this paper: to find a theoretical basis of analysis, analyze images and find what feedback it had, find the factor that changed the agenda. In this paper, we examine two images "Mato tragedy" and "Saviečių tragedy". Both of these images point to the same policy problem – child protection policy and services. The research shows that the main factor that led to the change in institutional agenda was society mobilization behind the problem. The image itself sparked a big response from the society, media, and entrepreneurs. They all pushed the decision makers to do something. The main tactic it used was shaming. Entrepreneurs and society publicly shamed the decision makers that had different opinion about childcare. They mobilized on social media and changed the mind of some decision makers. Using this paper, other researchers can look deeper into how political images affect policy. This paper only provides a basic view of how thing change and who can influence the change in agenda. It could be useful to look not just into the agenda change but also into the policy itself. You can also take an additional look into the effect of social media to politicians. This research showed that all the politicians use social media and take the content on it seriously. This paper offers a new look into agenda and policy change. It proves that rapid changes in agenda are possible without the change of governing coalition. This paper also includes various theories into one analytical basis that helps finding the way agenda can change. One of the exceptional things about this paper is the integration of social media. Because it is a big part of decision maker informational diet. You can find out what kind of information can see decision maker and what kind can change their minds using control on information from social media.
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Security policy in different time periods was differently regarded. Security was initially seen as the matter of military field, but the development of the public security threats and the fields which they affect, expanded the field of application of the notion of security. Another important aspect is that the security threats often affect not only national public level but as well they start to influence the regional and the international level. These processes therefore augmented the need to develop ecosecurity sector, because many accidents nowadays occur in large strategic objects (such as in the nuclear power-stations) which touch the interests of a large number of countries. Furthermore, there are global problems such as climate change affecting all countries the solution of which is possible only by the cooperation of international community. In order to make a decision of ecological security the states develop appropriate policy. Moreover, the majority of states ensure a high level of ecosafety by joining regional and international agreements. The sphere of eco-security is expanding and includes a growing number of sectors, not only the protection of the environment, but also criminal issues and other fields. The Article discusses the peculiarities of national security and regulatory context, and reviews the questions of eco-security regulated in the legal acts of Lithuanian Republic. The main provisions of the Lithuanian eco-security are enshrined in the National Security Act the Framework Programme of Eco-security, the Environmental Protection Act of Lithuanian Republic and other legal acts regarding the protection of ecosystem and environment. ; Saugumo politika skirtingais laikotarpiais buvo vertinama skirtingai. Pradžioje saugumas buvo suprantamas kaip karinis, tačiau vystantis visuomenei saugumo grėsmių ratas plėtėsi. Dar vienas svarbus aspektas – grėsmės saugumui neretai pereina iš valstybės lygmens į regioninį bei tarptautinį. Labai dažnai avarijos dideliuose objektuose (pvz. atominėje elektrinėje) paliečia ne vienos šalies interesus, o keleto, be to, yra globalių problemų, tokių kaip klimato kaita, kurių sprendimui reikalingos tarptautinės bendruomenės pastangos. Šie procesai sąlygojo poreikį išskirti ekologinio saugumo sektorių. Ekologinio saugumo problemų sprendimui valstybės suformuoja atitinkamą politiką, be to, dauguma valstybių renkasi didesnio saugumo lygio užtikrinimą prisijungiant prie regioninių ir tarptautinių susitarimų. Pats ekologinio saugumo objektas plečiasi ir apima vis daugiau sektorių, ne vien tik aplinkos apsaugos, bet sutinkami ir kiti (pvz. kriminaliai klausimai). Straipsnyje aptarta ekologinio saugumo raida ir reguliavimo ypatumai nacionalinio saugumo kontekste, apžvelgtos Lietuvos ekologinio saugumo teisinio reglamentavimo gairės.
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