Suchergebnisse

The political leadership concerns a special kind of performed assignments, arriving at a decision of a greater meaning and rank than the resolutions of other kind of leaders. It is related to power domain that is bigger in comparison with the non-political leaders, because it includes more numerous and more varied measures of authority. This problem is analysed by the authors of publications in "Nasz Dziennik". They comment on the present political and social situation in Poland to show who should be their ideal. As shown by this study, this vision is characteristic of all groups connected with the daily. Due to their association with the same group of media, consumer people who are different in respect of sex, profession and social group activities, share similar opinions. A scientific background accumulated by the author of the articles, takes also the opinion of the newspaper's readers into account. The analysis of these texts is to compose the models of political leaders. personality to answer the question - what is the 'ideal' promoted by "Nasz Dziennik". Because of the radical language used in this newspaper, the author examines the positive and negative qualities of political leaders to build a true image. The article shows that the anti.model of political leaders created by the daily contains a criticism of liberals, democrats, autocrats, tripe and figure heads and career bureaucrats. They all are the worse group of leaders due to having the greatest power and access to the media. Although we find many rationalized arguments in their negative opinions, the impression is the same - bad are those who govern. The criticism not only deals with democratic.liberal parties, but it was also leveled at AWS at the end of its regime. The situation of this last party did not live up to the expectations of "Nasz Dziennik", as such models are impossible to realize. The model is not interchangeable. In the articles, we find the opinions which refuse an ideal role of a particular person in leadership, but at the same time we can hear the voices for building programmes and visions around a strong authority.

The book constitutes the first Polish monograph concerning the issues of coexistence with people with "dark" personality traits in the workplace. The present monograph considers three types of socially harmful personality traits which form the so-called dark triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy. The "dark" personality traits constitute the core of the inquiry and they are analyzed with regard to the attitudes towards work (i.e. job satisfaction and brand loyalty), civic and counter-productive activities in the workplace, as well as (according to the interactive approach) selected characteristics of the workplace. The monograph consists of four chapters. Chapter one presents the two basic approaches to describing personality in the workplace: the trait approach and the interactive approach. In the beginning, the chapter underscores the importance of distinguishing between the "light" and "dark" personality traits in the workplace. Next, the chapter discusses the most important conceptions within the interactive approach to the study of personality in the organizational context, including the theory of personality trait activation in the workplace. Chapter two introduces the taxonomy of the dark triad, which includes three discrete "dark" personality traits, analyzed at the sub-clinical level: Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy. It presents two approaches to the study of the dark triad: the unification approach and the discrimination approach, and situates the dark triad against the other personality models, in addition to enumerating the most important behavioral correlations between Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy. Moreover, it discusses the issue of the functioning of people who possess some of the traits of the dark triad in the workplace, underlining the significance of the potential benefits and costs connected with the presence of people who exhibit high levels of Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy in the business. Chapter three discusses two attitudes towards work, analyzed in the monograph in relation to the traits exhibited by the dark triad: job satisfaction and brand loyalty. The chapter defines both concepts, presents the main categories of their personality and situational conditions, and examines the character of the links between the traits of the dark triad and the aforementioned attitudes towards work. Chapter four focuses on the analysis of two distinctive categories of voluntary actions in the workplace, i.e. civic actions and counter-productive actions. It indicates the main problems with terminology connected with the description of the aforementioned organizational actions and differentiates between three categories of conditions for organizational actions: attitudes towards work, situational factors, personality factors. The chapter is based on earlier research which focuses on the analysis of the interdependence between the personality traits of the dark triad and civic as well as counter-productive actions in the workplace. The three following chapters form the empirical part of the monograph. The first chapter discusses the methodological basis of own research; the second chapter analyzes the results of the study, and the third chapter presents their interpretation. The conducted study has confirmed the majority of the hypotheses considering the direct links between the personality traits of the dark triad, attitudes towards work and organizational actions. It has been shown that two conditions (power within the organization, understood as a formal position at the firm, and interpersonal conflict in the workplace) fulfilled the role of the moderators in the relation between the traits of the dark triad and attitudes towards work and organizational actions. Singular mediational effects of the attitudes towards work with regard to the links between the traits of the dark triad and organizational actions have also been observed. Taking into account the results of the study, modifications to the research model have been proposed, in order to include the direct correlations between situational factors and attitudes towards work and organizational actions. At the end of the monograph, on the basis of the literature on the subject, the author attempted interpretation of the obtained results, pointing to the limitations of the conducted studies and possible future avenues for empirical research.

Personality traits and the preference for metal music – preliminary meta-analysis of previous researches

The article presents the relations between personality traits and preference for metal music in view of previous psychological research. First reports concerning the influence of personality traits on music preferences appeared in the middle of the 20th century (Cattel & Anderson 1953). Social stereotypes relating to heavy metal fans have had an impact on formulation of research hypotheses according to which this group is characterised by antisocial behaviour, suicidal tendencies, depressive moods, substance and alcohol abuse, school problems and dysfunctional families. However, past researches have demonstrated a predictive value of different traits, such as openness to experience, risk-taking, extraversion and sensation seeking.

Problematic Internet use in relation to personality traits and early maladaptive patterns of net users
Abstract
This article deals with the phenomenon of Problematic Internet Use among adolescents and people in the stage of early adulthood. The concept based on the diathesis model of stress assumes the existence of factors conducive to the occurrence of this phenomenon. Such factors are postulated as personality traits and early maladaptive schemas that may be a threatening factor as relatively persistent over the course of life. An important point is that the Problematic Internet Use takes into account the preference of on-line contacts apart from the real ones, negative consequences, the aspect of compulsiveness and self-regulation of mood through the network.

Extensive research on native speakers' attitudes towards foreign accents and their users carried out in immigrant-receiving countries such as, for example, Great Britain, the United States and Australia (e.g. Kalin and Rayko 1978; Lippi-Green 1997; Munro et al. 2006), has allowed specialists to formulate several cross-cultural generalizations concerning the perception and evaluation of accented speech. For instance, according to Lindemann (2002, 2010), the listeners' attitude towards foreign speakers, shaped by cultural stereotypes and prejudices, plays a crucial role in comprehending accented speech. It is also often claimed (e.g. Said 2006; Lev-Ari and Keysar 2010) that a heavy foreign accent has a negative impact on the listeners' assessment of speakers' personality traits, such as credibility, intelligence and competence. Moreover, this negative accent-based social evaluation, as shown by Lippi-Green (1997), might even lead to various kinds of foreign speakers' discrimination. Contemporary Poland, where Polish-speaking foreigners are still a relative rarity, constitutes an interesting and yet unexplored ground for testing the universality of claims concerning the relationship between the listeners' cultural prejudices and their evaluations of foreign speakers' accents, as well as personality traits. In this paper we report on an empirical study in which 40 Polish university students assessed 11 samples of foreign-accented Polish, both in terms of accent features and personal characteristics ascribed to the speakers, in order to find out whether these judgements are affected by Polish listeners' attitudes towards the speakers' cultural background and knowledge of their nationality. The results of the study indicate that, on the whole, the speakers' nationality does not significantly affect the participants' evaluation of foreign speakers' accent features (i.e. comprehensibility, foreign-accentedness and acceptability). Such relationship can, however, be found in the attribution of personal characteristics to foreign speakers, which, to some extent, is influenced by the information concerning their nationality and listeners' cultural prejudices.