Suchergebnisse

In this atical devoted about the time reason possibly in the future speedy permission for the and future civilization about it resemble development the scientific paradigma of the Russia to-day. The speech no aboute «europecentrist» model or the «western» scheme of the historical process, but the large importance in the character existence append the interaction, mutual understanding and mutual assistance of the etnos, that is base foundation of the generally the mankind. And no only to-day! What does the possibility to decide the basic question of the lifе without the politic measure. The answer on the question can make only the time.

The author believes that the governmental regulation of a society is one of the bases of conservatism. He thinks that the state exists in order to protect society and a person from forcible manifestations and free understanding of personal liberty, from non-state coercion and even violence, from manifestation of egoistical personal and corporate interests. Power of the state considerably increases when it relies on traditions of the past rather than the ideals of the future.

The conservatism as a political trend historically developed as force fastening a public organism. The author of this article believes that only conservatism possesses the real stabilizing resources capable to consolidate society of modern Russia. The author also recognizes that nowadays government and public institutes make certain efforts for overcoming certain social diseases.

The continuity and progressiveness of the state and social development define fundamentals of ontology of conservatism as the world outlook and a political trend. The Russian State is still at the stage of transition period. The formation of strong democratic institutes has not yet been completed. One of the main problems is the need for public consolidation. Now only the conservatism has sufficient resources and opportunities for the solution of this problem.

Тема государства и государственности – одна из важнейших в социальных
науках. В этом плане можно считать неслучайным рост интереса к такому
аспекту, как национальное или государственное строительство в молодых
государствах, а также к проблеме так называемых несостоявшихся или недееспособных государств (failed states). Эти вопросы важно рассматривать
не только в современном аспекте, но также в исторической ретроспективе
и в широком, мир-системном масштабе. В настоящей главе данные проблемы рассматриваются в различных аспектах, масштабах и ракурсах.

The article is devoted to analysis of new Marxism as a key methodological
trends of political science research. Historical events of the last century and the
ensuing updated the creative legacy of Marx and contributed to its reconsideration,
which was the enrichment of political science, development of methodology in its area
schools and trends, developing ideas known German scientist.

As object of research in this article the political class of modern Russia acts. The purpose of work is the analysis of efficiency of functioning of a political class. As methodology of research tool approach is offered. The result of research consists in justification of tool approach to definition of the concept "political elite" and the analysis of functioning of a modern political class of Russia from positions of tool approach is carried out.

The article is devoted to a very interesting methodological paradigm, which has
its own history and the high importance in a number of Social Sciences - Institutional,
which is influenced by social changes and needs in their understanding was further
developed in the form of appearance of new institutional paradigm, actively used in
modern political science knowledge.

In the article the main methodological approaches to the problem of interaction of institutes of the state and civil society in the context of ensuring national security of Russia are analyzed. Two main alternative concepts (liberal and etatist) to which the Russian researchers adhere are allocated. Supporters of liberal approach suppose that domination of the interests of civil society and ensuring equal cooperation with government institutions at the solution of problems of ensuring national security is necessary. Adherents of the etatist concept defend an unconditional priority of government bodies in this sphere. The authors provide the conceptual analysis of estimates by domestic researchers of the main activities of associations of the citizens connected with the counteraction to threats of national security. In the article positive impact of institutes of civil society on political and social and economic processes in Russia is noted, their assistance in development of the state institutes of the state and the potential of constructive interaction with federal and regional authorities on ensuring national security is estimated. The detailed analysis of the politological concept according to which more active participation of public organizations and socially responsible citizens in ensuring national security is necessary, is carried out. Their influence on development of a security system has to become more and more considerable because of social and economic problems which are objectively demanding participation of civil society in their decision-making. It is connected also with the need of modernization breakthrough, not possible without civil initiatives. In the article the conclusion that the Russian researchers attach great value to interaction of institutes of the state and civil society in ensuring national security of the Russian Federation is drawn, conceptually proving the need of their joint activity for this direction, and noting that this potential is still not fully realized.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the data obtained through the mass questionnaire survey of residents of the Saratov region in 2015. The authors found the perception of nationalism by citizens, the link between political views of the respondents, and their political engagement, and political participation, as well as the influence of political parties on the expression of nationalist feelings in society.

Special attention is paid to the spread of nationalist attitudes among different population groups in connection with: the negative attitude of some foreign countries to the actions of Russia in Ukraine and the reunification of the Crimea with Russia; with the aggravation of the economic crisis, the sanctions imposed by the European Union and the United States that led to such consequence as a decrease in the standard of living of the majority of Russian citizens; with the continuing influx of migrants, which increases the likelihood of xenophobia and radicalism.

The authors conclude that in the minds of Russian citizens the ambiguous interpretation of nationalism dominates. On the one hand, nationalism is interpreted as a negative and dangerous phenomenon associated with the superiority of one ethnic group over the others. On the other hand, it is understood as the strengthening of state nationalism, largely defined by the patriotic feelings of love for their country in a globalized world, the desire to reduce the sovereignty, Russia's active position in the fight against ISIL. There is a trend of decrease of ethnic nationalist and xenophobic attitudes in the face of external challenges and threats. However, this does not mean conscious establishment of the values of tolerance in the political culture of those groups of Russians who tend to manifest xenophobia. In this case there is a situational transferring of one's rejection of the "other" to the external environment.

Введение. На сегодняшний день активно обсуждается проблема соотношения политики и культуры, а также роли культуры в формировании политического сознания аудитории. Однако поставленные вопросы не получили однозначного ответа. Автор статьи предлагает рассмотреть систему культуры в призме универсальной теории систем Т. Парсонса. Цель исследования - вывести соотношение роли культуры и философии в формировании представлений индивида о мире, а также определить место научно-технического романтизма на их пересечении. Методы. Для анализа сущности классической культуры как системы, ориентированной на формирование политического сознания индивида, был выбран универсальный исследовательский инструмент – AGIL-схема Т. Парсонса. Также в работе были использованы методологические подходы ряда российских и западных исследователей, таких как М. Бунге, В. Межуев, Х. Ортега-и-Гассет и др. Анализ. В рамках исследования автор выделяет четыре функции, характерные для культуры как системы, формирующей политическое сознание: адаптации, интеграции, целеполагания, а также сохранения и фор- мирования не противоречащих уже существующим латентных образцов. Далее проводится исследование соотношения понятий «классическая культура», «традиционная культура», «массовая культура». Результаты. На основе выявленных свойств исследованных систем выделяются когнитивные методы и сущностные характеристики научно-технического романтизма как феномена, существующего на стыке философии и культуры.

The object of this paper is the formation and development of the Russian expatriate history studies in 1920-1940s, and the characteristics of the Far East Russian expatriate historians. The author tries to analyze the theme of Russian expatriate historian contribution to the Russian national history. Russian expatriate historians actively participated in the academic research, book publishing, professional creation, social culture, education and other forms of activities. Through their works, they reproduced important events of Russia, Mongolia and China. In order to get accurate and mutual validation results, we have to use many generally accepted research methods, analysis of previous empirical data, and to consult lots of Russian expatriate materials during the study of Russian expatriate historian academic and social cultural activities. The key conclusion of the study is the following: this part of Russian expatriate historians made important contributions to the history studies development in China, and attention should be paid to their works, because the academic research activities of Russian expatriate historians have not stopped and continue today. The novelty of the research: it is the first comprehensive analysis of Russian expatriate historians' academic activities, specific working experience, and contributions to history studies, makes up for the gap of the study on Russian expatriate history studies in 1920-1940. In addressing the issues of the adaptation of the Russian scientific and historian in Manchuria, account should be taken of the biographies of eminent scholars as well as their educational activities in numerous schools. One of the tasks of Russian intellectuals in Manchuria is the promotion of Russian culture in Manchuria, which was always likely to be the key to understanding the history and culture of different peoples.

Introduction. The paper deals with the issues of the propaganda system in the Soviet Occupation Zone in Germany (SOZ) between 1945 and 1949. Based on de-classified documents from Russian Archives propaganda organization, channels and methods of propaganda units of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAG) became a subject to study. The authors emphasize on control means towards German mass media and implementing the Soviet propaganda monopoly in East Germany.

Methods and materials. The authors consequently analyze the main channels and methods of positive USSR image broadcasting: radio, press, SMAG propaganda unit lectures, people's education system, activities of society for Soviet cultural studies, acquaintance trips of German delegations to the USSR, presentations of Soviet exhibitions and films.

Analysis and Results. The authors come to a conclusion that the Soviet propaganda in East Germany had a low efficiency. It failed to establish a complete monopoly of Soviet propaganda units in East Germany. The SOZ population could access the propaganda from West Germany and West Berlin, which broadcast a radically negative image of the USSR. Besides, the units and institutions of the Group of Soviet Occupation Troops in Germany (GSOTG) created their own image of Soviet people, which was different from the ideal and broadcast one. Thus, it turned out to be impossible to provide the unification of the broadcast and perception of propagandist materials devoted to the USSR and its population. Soviet propaganda in Germany had gone through the transition by the late 1940s: division of Germany in two states appeared to be a reality, and the establishment of socialist society on Stalin's model took place in East Germany. Ideological revisiting of the Soviet social constitution, and so its supremacy over the bourgeois one was to replace the conventional image of the country of total welfare and happiness.