Suchergebnisse

This article analyses the evolution of Brazilian military thinking over the past three decades. I examine the origins of strategic changes during the post-Cold War era, contrastingthe processes that have occurred in the Army and the Navy, in respect to: relations with the hegemonic power, Brazil's insertion into the world, the Armed Forces mission. The paper emphasizes the fundamental role of technology in the Navy's development, and the continuity of Cold War era doctrines in the Army. Nevertheless, both branches have undergone ignificant changesin their strategic conceptions. ; Este artigo analisa a evolução do pensamento militar brasileiro nas últimas três décadas. Examinamos as origens das mudanças estratégicas no período pós-guerra fria, contrastando os processos ocorridos no Exército e na Marinha, quanto a: relações com a potência hegemônica, inserção do Brasil no mundo e missão das Forças Armadas. O texto ressalta o papel fundamental da tecnologia no desenvolvimento da Marinha e a continuidade de elementos doutrinários da guerra fria no Exército. No entanto, ambas as forças sofreram significativas mudanças em suas concepções estratégicas.

Nicholas Spykman once wrote that "the remarkable similarity of the geographic position of the United States in regard to Europe & Asia (was) not paralleled by a similarity in political relations." This pattern was confirmed in World War II & the Cold War & seems to persist in the post-Cold War. The United States consolidated its alliance with Western Europe in the Atlantic Alliance but there is no comparable multilateral framework in Asia although relations with Japan, India & China, increasingly at the center of American interests, need it in order to become more stable & predictable. Adapted from the source document.

Since the beginning of the democratic transformation process in Eastern Europe in the 1990s, governments, international organizations and civil society have increasingly been looking at the situation of the Roma in Europe. This population group, which migrated from Asia to Europe centuries ago and originally lived nomadically, now lives as a postmigrant group in various countries on the European continent and in other parts of the world. In the context of rapprochement with the European Union, various countries have analyzed the situation of the Roma and attempted to improve their often precarious living conditions. This article focuses on the socioeconomic situation of the Roma in Romania since the end of the Cold War. With the help of a bibliographic analysis, the situation of the Roma is discussed, with a special focus on education, employment, housing, and health care.

The paper addresses the transformation of UN peacekeeping operations after the Cold War, based on the Liberian case. The aim is to show the consolidation of a nexus between security and development, which would be related to a process of normalization of international relations, informed by a liberal-democratic vocabulary. Adapted from the source document.

Cuba has undergone several transformations after the Cold War. The economy has become more diversified & the country has been able to overcome international isolation, & in so doing establish partnerships with China, the European Union & Latin America. In addition, the changes in the Cuban-American community have put younger activists who are more willing to enter into dialogue with the United States, on such matters for example as foreign trade. However, it is difficult for the negotiations to solve more controversial points because of the continued reluctance of Havana to liberalize the political regime. Adapted from the source document.