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This thesis deals on integration of ASEAN. The primary objective of this thesis is to find out the potential of ASEAN to be politically and economically integrated like EU, and the kind of difficulties it may face in a mid way. Since EU is a pioneer and benchmark for any integration and ASEAN takes EU as a reference, I choose EU as a base to compare the progress of ASEAN. As for the theoretical aspect, integration theory and its importance in global scenario is discussed. The research sought after the way ahead for ASEAN. This study is based on a comparative analysis of the development of both EU and ASEAN. The information and literature needed for the thesis will be collected from open source, which is easily accessible to all. After analyzing the historical background, present development and future prospect, I think ASEAN is turning out to be the successful regional cooperation. Even though ASEAN took reference from EU in its development, It don´t need to be like EU. Being the cooperation from different group of differently diversified nations, It can pave its own way forward and can lay good precedent for other upcoming regional co-operations. ; M-IR

Norwegian foreign policy discourse is mainly based on the premise that Norway is a "small state." This insistence has linked it to another discourse within the IR community, namely small state literature. The author examines this tradition critically, emphasizing its main tenet: the significance of military power. Paradoxically, one might say, because this way of thinking presupposes a "great power" perspective. Small states have usually been regarded as too weak to influence world politics to any significant extent, but this view is only valid within a "Westphalian" political order. The article explores the various attempts of defining the small state, & the general perception of a specific small state behavior. These efforts, however, presuppose a kind of similarity between small states, which is not historically evident. Instead the author highlights the significance of studying small states more historically, taking into consideration the great variations between them. In recent years, the claim that there exists a universal small state behavior has been challenged by developments within the EU. This "post Westphalian" kind of political order demonstrates the way in which small states within the community now develop a new sense of "activism" & a new small state identity -- changes which add up to a radically new small state profile. 120 References. Adapted from the source document.

"Prison has always been an attractive object for study in the field of sociology. Few other areas of modern society demonstrate social reality's fundamental ideas so clearly and obviously than prison. Social deviance and stigma, ostracism and integration, control and discipline, power and inequality are all examples of key sociological concepts that are crystalized in daily life in a prison environment.

Fengslende sosiologi. Makt, straff og identitet i Trondheims fengsler (Captivating Sociology. Power, Punishment and Identity in Trondheim's Prisons) presents twelve scholarly, peer-reviewed chapters that explore various aspects of prison as a social phenomenon, both as a part of and an expression of society.

The majority of the contributions build on empirical studies at maximum and minimum-security prisons in Trondheim, but the analyses have a broader relevance – both empirically and theoretically – for our understanding of power, punishment and identity in Norwegian penal institutions. Most of the contributors are associated with the Department of Sociology and Political Science at NTNU, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and the department's project 'Fengslende sosiologi' ('Captivating Sociology'). Several of the texts are by former master's students in sociology and present further analyses based on their master's projects.

This anthology will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in the field as well as students and others interested in prison as a social institution and penal institutions in general." - "I sosiologien har fengselet alltid vært et attraktivt studieobjekt. Her demonstreres den sosiale virkelighetens grunnleggende begreper så klart og tydelig som få andre steder i det moderne samfunnet. Sosiale avvik og stigma, utstøting og integrering, kontroll og disiplin, makt og ulikhet er alle eksempler på sosiologiske nøkkelbegreper som krystalliseres i fengselets hverdagsliv.

I antologien Fengslende sosiologi. Makt, straff og identitet i Trondheims fengsler presenteres i alt tolv vitenskapelige, fagfellevurderte kapitler som diskuterer ulike sider ved fengselet som sosialt fenomen, både som en del av og som et uttrykk for samfunnet

De fleste bidragene bygger på empiriske studier ved høy- og lavsikkerhetsfengslene i Trondheim, men analysene har bredere relevans – både empirisk og teoretisk – for forståelsen av makt, straff og identitet i de norske strafferettsinstitusjonene. De fleste forfatterne er tilknyttet Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap ved Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU) og instituttets prosjekt «Fengslende sosiologi». Flere av tekstene er skrevet av tidligere masterstudenter i sosiologi og presenterer bearbeidede analyser fra deres masterprosjekter.

Målgruppen for antologien er forskere, utøvere i praksisfeltet, studenter og andre med interesse for fengselet som sosial institusjon og strafferettsinstitusjonene mer allment."

Security Policy and Military Strength in the Arctic presents new Norwegian research in High North defence and security policy topics. Against the backdrop of today's security situation, the book provides a unique introduction to the role military strength plays in the region. The book will be of interest to all those concerned with defence policy issues.

Through research contributions by experts in land, sea and air power conditions, Security Policy and Military Strength in the Arctic renders a comprehensive overview that will be especially relevant for students at the Norwegian military academies and others studying political science and history, as well as researchers and practitioners in the field.

An additional objective of the book is to advance the debate on the role of the military in the northern regions and the Arctic, and contribute to increasing awareness of ongoing developments in defence and security policy in the North. - Sikkerhetspolitikk og militærmakt i Arktis presenterer ny norsk forskning på forsvars- og sikkerhetspolitiske spørsmål i nordområdene. Med dagens sikkerhetspolitiske situasjon som bakteppe gir boken en unik innføring i militærmaktens rolle i regionen. Boken retter seg mot alle med interesse for forsvarspolitiske spørsmål. Gjennom forskningsbidrag fra eksperter innen land-, sjø- og luftmilitære forhold gir Sikkerhetspolitikk og militærmakt i Arktis en helhetlig oversikt som vil være særlig relevant for studenter på våre tre krigsskoler, men også for studenter i fag som statsvitenskap og historie, samt forskere og praktikere innenfor feltet. Boken har også som ambisjon å videreutvikle debattene om militærmaktens rolle i nordområdene og i Arktis, og bidra til økt forståelse av pågående utviklingstrekk innen forsvars- og sikkerhetspolitikken i nord.

In her well-known song, 'Når himmelen faller ned' ('When the Sky Falls Down'), the Norwegian musician Anne Grete Preus described snow as 'celestial tipp-ex' and a mighty 'wonder'. But what exactly is it that snow corrects? And what gives snow its power?

Snow's Formulas: A Natural Phenomenon in Literature attempts to answer these and similar questions by discussing the motif of snow in the context of modernization processes marked by increasing instrumentalization and rationalization. Snow transforms landscapes and defies modernity's innovations; it simultaneously obscures and accentuates, and also enchants. This process can be described in different ways: as the sublime's breakthrough in a philosophical, aesthetic sense, or, in a poetological sense, as non-mimetic writing. This strategy plays out in language, and the objective of this study has been to investigate snow's rhetoricity and how literary depictions of snow can be in response to the challenges of modernity. The book includes readings of texts by H.C. Andersen, Olaf Bull, Hans Børli, Paul Celan, Alexander Kielland, Jonas Lie, Tor Ulven and Tarjei Vesaas, among others.

The relationship between snow and modernity is illustrated from a dual perspective. Emphasis is placed on the individual's position and self-perception within the process of modernization, as well as on the aesthetical problems that arise when writing about snow. Snow makes a white surface; it 'overwrites' the ground and encourages a non-mimetic poetry. Snow can be said to be an engine of modern aesthetics that does not take language's referential aspect for granted. - I sin kjente låt Når himmelen faller ned betegner Anne Grete Preus snø som «himmelsk korrekturlakk» og et mektig «under». Men hva er det egentlig som snø må korrigere, og i hva består dens makt?

Snøens formler: Et naturfenomen i litteraturen søker svar på slike spørsmål idet snømotivet diskuteres på bakgrunn av moderniseringsprosessen, kjennetegnet ved økende instrumentalisering og rasjonalisering. Snø forandrer landskapet og sier modernitetens nyttetenkning imot; den tildekker og aksentuerer samtidig og fortryller. Denne prosessen kan beskrives på forskjellige måter: som det sublimes gjennombrudd i filosofisk-estetisk henseende, eller, i poetologisk henseende, som en form for avrealisering. Denne strategien utspiller seg i språk, og formålet med denne studien er å granske snøens retorisitet og hvordan den litterære fremstillingen av snø svarer på modernitetens utfordringer. Boken inneholder lesninger av blant annet H.C. Andersen, Olaf Bull, Hans Børli, Paul Celan, Alexander Kielland, Jonas Lie, Tor Ulven og Tarjei Vesaas.

Forholdet mellom snø og modernitet belyses fra et dobbeltperspektiv. Søkelyset rettes på individets stilling og selvforståelse i moderniseringsprosessen, men også på estetiske spørsmål som reiser seg når det diktes om snø. Snøen lager en hvit flate, den «overskriver» jorden og spiller på denne måten en amimetisk poetikk i hendene. Snø kan sies å være en pådriver av en moderne estetisk posisjon som ikke tar språkets referensielle side for gitt.

How should we go about collaborating with children and adolescents? Young Participation: Creativity and Conflict in Planning explores how youth participation work in practical terms, in the context of urban development processes at the municipal level in Norway.

From their unique perspectives, several social scientists, artists, an architect, and a young contributor discuss experiences and dilemmas of including children, teens, and young adults as contributing stakeholders on various projects. The reader will find concrete examples of participation processes and tools developed in cooperation with young people, architects, and public employees.

The chapters reveal how good intentions regarding inclusion can obscure power hierarchies, friction, and conflicts of interest. Yet they also demonstrate that the potential for creativity and innovation are great when young people are invited to contribute their input in planning and developing everything from youth community centers and school grounds to parks and other outdoor spaces in local neighborhoods.

This anthology will provide inspiration to researchers, students, municipal employees, urban planners, and others working collaboratively in urban and community development. Among the topics covered are participation as co-research, social entrepreneurship and participation as part of school curricula and in socio-cultural place analyses, the power of the hand in creative practices, co-location as a trend, digital and hybrid participation processes, and power plays in planning. By introducing a new model for 'thick participation', the anthology attempts to ensure that young citizens are not just seen and heard but are also given the opportunity to become lasting resources within their local communities.

The book's editors, senior researcher Aina Landsverk Hagen and research professor Bengt Andersen, are both based at the Work Research Institute (AFI), Oslo Metropolitan University. - Hvordan gjør vi medvirkning med barn og unge? Ung medvirkning: Kreativitet og konflikt i planlegging tar for seg hvordan medvirkning med barn og unge utspiller seg i praksis, i steds- og byutviklingsprosesser i norske kommuner.

Fra sine ulike ståsteder diskuterer samfunnsforskere, kunstnere, en arkitekt og en ung medvirker erfaringer og dilemmaer med å inkludere barn, ungdom og unge voksne som medvirkere. Leseren får konkrete eksempler fra medvirkningsprosesser og presentasjon av verktøy som er utviklet i samarbeid med ungdom, arkitekter og offentlig ansatte.

Bidragene viser hvordan gode intensjoner om inkludering kan skjule makthierarkier, konflikter og interessemotsetninger. Samtidig peker boken på hvordan muligheten for kreativitet og nytenking er stor når unge inviteres inn til å medvirke i planleggingen av alt fra ungdomshus og skolegårder til parker og uteområder i nabolaget.

Antologien gir inspirasjon til forskere, studenter, kommunalt ansatte, planleggere og andre praktikere som jobber med medvirkning i by- og stedsutvikling. Blant temaene som tas opp er medvirkning som medforsking, sosialt entreprenørskap og medvirkning i skolefag og i sosiokulturelle stedsanalyser, håndens kraft i kreative praksiser, samlokalisering som trend, digital og hybrid medvirkning og medvirkningens maktspill. Ved å introdusere en ny modell for «tykk medvirkning», søker antologien å sikre at unge innbyggere ikke bare blir hørt og sett, men også får mulighet til å være vedvarende ressurser i sine nærmiljøer.

Bokens redaktører, Aina Landsverk Hagen og Bengt Andersen, er begge seniorforskere ved Arbeidsforskningsinstituttet, OsloMet – storbyuniversitetet.

Forfatterne av antologien har også utviklet en digital ressurs for alle som er interessert i ungdomsmedvirkning: https://unghus.oslomet.no

This article takes an in-depth look at the controversy surrounding initiatives to eliminate poverty in developing countries. While analysis of the problem necessarily assumes an international perspective, special attention is given here to the role that Norway -- as a European country made wealthy by its natural resources -- is to play in the effort to advance underdeveloped regions. A review of existing critical literature reveals a commonly held view that the most detrimental problems arise because of the inability to control what happens to aide money given to impoverished nations that are often run by corrupt power groups that use the money to consolidate their own power. As much research has demonstrated, world contributions to developing areas over the past decades have failed to produce the expected results, which again signals that the dilemma of under-developed areas is rooted in their internal organization & collective incentives. Several perspectives on this issue are reviewed here to pronounce the moral question assumed by many where Norway is concerned, namely if a country made wealthy by something that it has not "earned" per se should continue to support an aide mechanism that is shown by many analyses to be unsustainable. The stakes & alternatives in this debate are discussed here in detail. C Brunski