Suchergebnisse

This paper finds qualified support for the use of Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory to understand the emergence of prison gang-like groups in Kyrgyzstan, Northern Ireland and Brazil. However, Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory has little to say about how many prison gangs emerge and how they organise comparatively outside the US context. This paper argues that variation in the number of gangs and their monopolization of informal governance can only be explained by considering importation and deprivation theories alongside governance theories. These theories factor in variation in prison environments and pre-existing societal divisions imported into prison, which affect the costs on information transmission and incentives for gang expansion. In particular, the paper pays particular attention to the wider role social and political processes play in influencing whether monopoly power by prison gangs is supported and legitimized or not.

Our study tried to return and analyse 20 biographical stories of imprisoned minors, in minor neighbourhoods of two arrest houses and a prison centre. The data collected allowed us to shift the eye, from a question about the 'passing to act' and the 'sense of punishment', to an analysis of biographic reports to prison and the institutional functioning of juvenile neighbourhoods, the exercise of power within them, and how to deal with them as a detainee. The methodological framework provides data on the ordinary, banal and daily experience of detainees, both from a biographical and institutional point of view. In this context, like our previous work at the stopping house [1], the 'miners' district was seized as a crossing point, a point to which individual destinies converge. This point of passage is not meaningless for the actor; as a specific episode of existence, detention forces the locked actor to 'biographical work', during which past, present and future experiences are receding, and where self-thinking is to be redefined. [1] Chantraine G., 2004, Beyond walls. Trajectories and experiments at the stopping house, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France-le Monde. ; International audience ; Our study tried to return and analyse 20 biographical stories of imprisoned minors, in minor neighbourhoods of two arrest houses and a prison centre. The data collected allowed us to shift the eye, from a question about the 'passing to act' and the 'sense of punishment', to an analysis of biographic reports to prison and the institutional functioning of juvenile neighbourhoods, the exercise of power within them, and how to deal with them as a detainee. The methodological framework provides data on the ordinary, banal and daily experience of detainees, both from a biographical and institutional point of view. In this context, like our previous work at the stopping house [1], the 'miners' district was seized as a crossing point, a point to which individual destinies converge. This point of passage is not meaningless for the ...

Prison gangs are a growing problem in prisons. In recent times, Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory has become increasingly popular in explaining their emergence. Yet, this theory downplays the role that deprivation and importation theories can play in understanding the emergence and behaviour of these gangs. This chapter seeks to address this shortcoming by demonstrating how the inclusion of these theories, alongside the governance theory, can enhance our understanding of prison gang emergence and when gang fragmentation or consolidation may occur. Drawing on research conducted in the US and beyond, this chapter argues that a holistic understanding of prison gangs and their monopolisation of power requires a consideration of the importation and deprivation theories, together with Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory. Special attention is paid to the wider role political and social processes may play in influencing whether monopoly power by prison gangs is supported and legitimised or not.

Prison agencies around the world are reporting a rise in the use of illicit communication devices in prison. Nevertheless, there is very little prison sociological research into how prisoners themselves communicate online. Using Russia as a case study, this paper reports findings from new research on how prisoners are engaging with the internet and the effects of this on prisoner agency and prison structure. Our main finding is that Russian penality sits at the nexus of two processes. First, it is de-institutionalised in that the prison, discursively speaking, is no longer fixed to a built form. Second, it is reflexively re-territorialised in that it places prisoner agency onto a third space. The paper presents a new conceptual framework of 'prisoners as absent', which reflects penality in Russia as culturally contingent and politically resilient. The interplay between de-institutionalisation and re-territorialisation has produced on a new penal imaginary - a carceral motif for the twenty first century - in the form of a virtual world.

This paper critically examines the claim made by Canadian Conservative politicians that prison expansion is likely to produce economic gains for Canadian prison towns. Such claims raise many questions about the actual beneficiaries of prison construction, and the depiction of prisons as "infrastructure" serving some public good or even promoting social justice. After reviewing relevant literature from American debates on this topic, I focus on more specific Canadian conditions, and use public tendering data to trace the path of prison spending. The evidence suggests that prison expansion is unlikely to benefit surrounding communities, although interests elsewhere tend to reap major gains.

This paper finds qualified support for the use of Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory to understand the emergence of prison gang-like groups in Kyrgyzstan, Northern Ireland and Brazil. However, Skarbek's (2011, 2014) governance theory has little to say about how many prison gangs emerge and how they organise comparatively outside the US context. This paper argues that variation in the number of gangs and their monopolization of informal governance can only be explained by considering importation and deprivation theories alongside governance theories. These theories factor in variation in prison environments and pre-existing societal divisions imported into prison, which affect the costs on information transmission and incentives for gang expansion. In particular, the paper pays attention to the wider role social and political processes play in influencing whether monopoly power by prison gangs is supported and legitimized or not.

On Mennonite Gospel Missions letterhead, this document includes a list of names of the prisoner transfers sent to Fort Douglas and Fort Leavenworth.

This essay is a commissioned interview with Andrea Luka Zimmerman about her film Prisoner of War (2016). Zimmerman has made films in the USA and Indonesia exploring the impact of globalisation and marginalised histories. Her essay-film Prisoner of War (2016) explores US militarism and foreign policy through a character study of Bo Gritz, the most decorated Green Beret of the Vietnam War and a former Special Forces Commander in Latin America. This essay was commissioned by 'How to work together' to accompany the event 'Sharna Pax: How to work together' at Chisenhale Gallery, London, 1st December 2015. The event included screenings and discussion on films by Eva Marie Rødbro, Andrea Luka Zimmerman (Prisoner of War (excerpt), 2016, 10 mins.), Seamus Harahan and Chan Hau Chun. This was part of Sharna Pax's ongoing research for How To Work Together's 'Think Tank', which involves conversations with artists and filmmakers who work with collaboration and particular anthropological sensibilities. How to Work Together is a three-year (2013-2016) shared programme of contemporary art commissioning and research devised by Chisenhale Gallery, The Showroom and Studio Voltaire.

Repr.: Acad. of Political Science. Publ. v.2, no.4. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Recent years have seen increased attention in both research and policy towards Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) prisoners as a group with distinct needs. This has been driven by wider political recognition of LGBT rights and research suggesting that LGBT prisoners are particularly 'vulnerable' to bullying and abuse within prison settings. Much of this research, and the policy solutions associated with it, we argue, ignores or side-steps queer perspectives, relying instead on liberal conceptions of identity, vulnerability and, ultimately, assimilation. Just as contemporary campaigns around marriage rights see LGBT communities and individuals as fundamentally the same as the majority, rather than posing a challenge to the heteronormativity of marriage as an institution, much contemporary research and policy on LGBT prisoners sees this group as marked only by potential discrimination. We argue here instead that experiences of LGBT prisoners can be read 'queerly' so as to potentially challenge the rigid gender and heteronormative foundations that underlie systems of incarceration. We draw on a small-scale empirical research project around the experience of LGBT prisoners to revisit contemporary paradoxes of prisons and sexuality and to problematise understandings of identity, intimacy and deviance in the prison context.

"Designed to show how society may protect itself against the disorderly elements, and check the rapid increase of the prison population." ; "A theoretical and philosophical review of some matters relating to crime, punishment, prisons, and reformation of convicts. With a glance at mental, social and political conditions; and some suggestions about causes, and the prevention of crime and the production of criminals." ; Mode of access: Internet.

Local agencies drive criminal justice policy, but states pick up the tab for policy choices that result in state imprisonment. This distorts local policies and may actually contribute to increased state prison populations, since prison is effectively "free" to the local decisionmakers who send inmates there. This Article looks directly at the source of the "correctional free lunch" problem and proposes to end state funding for prisons. States would, instead, reallocate money spent on prisons to localities to use as they see fit — on enforcement, treatment, or even per-capita prison usage. This would allow localities to retain their decision-making autonomy, but it would internalize the costs of those decisions.

This report discusses about Impact of UNICOR on the Federal Prison System and Society, Recent Administration Efforts to Reform FPI, Legislative History, Legislation in the 111th Congress and Issues for Congress.

The resurgence of private prisons during the 1980s has caused a lot of debate. If a private firm can run a prison more efficiently than the government, the government should allow privatization. Factors such as cost, quality of service, competition and liability must be examined in order to determine whether a private prison is more efficient than a public prison.

In this article, we develop a perspective on the purposes and possibilities of education in prison through the stories of the first author, a prison educator and critical pedagogue. In the context of today's prisons, we complicate universalist notions of citizenship by weaving theories of citizenship into the story of education. We share the daily concerns of a prison educator and explore the transformative possibilities that women convict students try on. We question how to shape educational practices in prison and contemplate the construction of a new "mock citizenship" informed by the realities of felony disenfranchisement. Our hope is to bring to the conversation something that has been lacking when discussions of incarceration occur: insight into the ways incarcerated students perform the role of citizen and how the purpose of prison education must extend beyond job readiness toward the creation of full citizens able to participate in the democratic process.