Suchergebnisse

In administrative history of the last six hundred years, different factors & influences had played their role in the formation of middle-level offices. The reason was in management. By dividing provinces into quarters, the provincial estates primarily wanted to protect their property from Turkish raids in the middle of the 15th century. In the middle of the 18th century, the provincial prince or national authority established kresije (state administrative units) that were a prolonged hand of the central state administration. It was supposed to control landowners, enforcement of rules & to protect serfs. By establishing kresije, the Kromeriz Constitution wanted to solve nationality problems in multilingual provinces. The district boards, established after 1868, were also a prolonged hand of the central authority & the result of the hundred-year development of the state administration. The history of middle-level offices shows interests of some groups or individuals that were in power during a certain period of time. Unlike other European countries where these offices were relatively autonomous, they were always a prolonged hand of the central state bodies or at least they served them in the Austrian Empire. The Registry Office plan reflects their competence that comprised all the matters of the population in a certain district from personal to municipal, military, education, ecclesiastical & taxation matters, the result of which was that the population identified itself with a district or quarter or kresija (state administrative unit). The middle-level government name was also one of the reasons for population identification. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.

The aim of our paper is to formulate and empirically verify the simple backward looking econometric model of the monetary rule, which would be able to describe the development of CNB repo rate, namely only on the basis of statistically measured and in the given time available information. We focus on the period after 1998, when the CNB's inflation targeting policy is implemented and the repo rate (14 days) plays the role of the monetary policy rate. In the paper we discuss some methodological problems associated with the "ex post" empirical verification of the central bank monetary rule. We construct an empirical model of the monetary rule, justify the choice and the inclusion of explanatory variables, we analyze the statistical properties of time series and verify the alternative forms of econometric models. Our analysis showed that the development of CNB repo rate in the reporting period can be explained by the past and present evolution of three explanatory variables: the yearly inflation rate, the exchange rate and the ECB repo rate. The annualized inflation rate proved to be statistically insignificant in the model. We find interesting that the statistical quality of the estimated model was further increased after a six-month delay of the yearly inflation rate. The obtained results indicate that in determining the CNB repo rate the expected future level of the yearly inflation rate does not play important role and the last yearly inflation rate is more important than its present level. Adapted from the source document.

The term proprietary church, in the juridical sense, refers to the church erected on estate land by the land lord for his spiritual care and the spiritual care of the inhabitants of his estate, and supplied by him both the property needed for its maintenance and the priest he selected and installed

V prvem delu magistrskega dela sem se osredotočil na zgodovino in organiziranost gasilcev v Sloveniji in Združenih državah Amerike, predstavil sem požarno preventivo in vzroke za požare. V svetu požari postajajo vedno večji problem, saj zaradi klimatskih sprememb, staranja prebivalstva, malomarnosti ljudi, nepazljivosti, novih tehnologij, različnih novih materialov in zmanjševanja vlaganj v požarno varnost lahko povzročijo vse večjo premoženjsko, materialno in človeško škodo. S tem lahko opozorimo na dejstvo, da je gasilstvo zelo pomembna družbena panoga, ki pa je v Sloveniji slabše cenjena kot v Združenih državah Amerike. K znanju in usposobljenosti gasilcev izjemno pripomorejo zgodovina, organiziranost in vlaganje denarja. Seveda ne smemo pozabiti tudi na izboljševanje zakonodaje področja požarne varnosti, ki zajema tako načrtovanje požarne varnosti in tudi samo gašenje požarov. Organiziranost gasilcev v Sloveniji in Združenih državah Amerike je različno, saj se zdi da so ameriški gasilci bolje tehnično in organizacijsko izurjeni. V zgodovini obeh držav se je zgodilo mnogo uničujočih požarov, ki so terjali veliko smrtnih žrtev in premoženja. V drugem delu magistrskega dela sem opravil statistično analizo števila požarov in škode, ki je pri tem nastala v Sloveniji in v Združenih državah Amerike v obdobju od leta 1992 do leta 2018. V Sloveniji se vsako leto zgodi od 4000 do 6000 požarov, v Združenih državah Amerike pa se v zadnjih letih zgodi od 1,3 milijona do 1,6 milijona požarov letno. Najpogostejši požari so požari v objektih, v prometu, v naravi in v komunalnih ali drugih zabojnikih. V Sloveniji se skozi leta število požarov drastično ni spremenilo, vendar pa število ves čas niha. V Združenih državah Amerike se je število požarov iz leta 1992 zmanjšalo za okoli 25 %. Število poškodovanih v požarih se v Sloveniji v zadnjih letih malce zvišuje, število smrtnih žrtev požara pa ostaja dokaj konstantno. V Združenih državah Amerike obe ti številki skozi leta padata. Izjema je le leto 2001, ko se je zgodil napad na World Trade Center. Premoženjska škoda, ki je nastala v požarih, je v Sloveniji v zadnjih letih okoli 7 milijonov evrov, v Združenih državah Amerike pa se ta številka že več kot 15 let vrti okoli 15 milijard dolarjev. Spet pa je izjema leto 2001 zaradi napada v New Yorku, ki je povzročil več kot 30 milijard denarne škode. ; In the first part of the master's degree thesis, I focused on the history and organization of firefighters in Slovenia and United States of America, I presented fire prevention and the causes of fires. In the world, fires are becoming an increasing problem, as they can cause increasing property, material and human damage due to climate change, population aging, human negligence, carelessness, new technologies, various new materials and reduced investment in fire safety. Therefore, firefighting is a very important social sector, which is less valued in Slovenia than in the United States. History, organization and investment of money contribute enormously to the knowledge and skills of firefighters. Of course, we must not forget to improve the legislation in the field of fire safety, which includes both fire safety planning and firefighting itself. The organization of firefighters in Slovenia and the United States is different, it seems that American firefighters are better technically and organizationally trained. In addition, this profession is also more valued there. There have been many devastating fires in the history of both countries, claiming many lives and property. In the second part of my master's degree thesis, I performed a statistical analysis of the number of fires and damage that occurred in Slovenia and the United States in the period from 1992 to 2018. In Slovenia, between 4,000 and 6,000 fires occur every year. In the United States, however, 1.3 million to 1.6 million fires have occurred in recent years. The most common fires are fires in buildings, in traffic, in nature, and in communal or other containers. In Slovenia, the number of fires has not changed drastically over the years, the number fluctuates all the time. In the United States, however, the number of fires in 1992 fell by about 25 percents. The number of people injured in fires in Slovenia has been rising slightly in recent years, while the number of fatalities in fires has remained fairly constant. In the United States, however, both of these numbers have been falling over the years. The only exception is 2001, when the attack on the World Trade Center took place. The property damage caused by fires in Slovenia in recent years is around 7 million euros, and in the United States this figure has been hovering around 15 billion dollars for more than 15 years. Again, the exception is 2001 due to the attack in New York, which caused more than 30 billion in monetary damage.

V Sloveniji % podobno pa tudi v več drugih postkomunističnih drţavah % od osamosvojitve naprej mnogi lastniki zemljišč spodbujajo k temu, da bi divjad podobno kot v večini zahodnih drţavah postala nikogaršnja last. S tem bi lastniki pridobili lovno pravico nad divjadjo na svojih posestih. Preskusili smo domnevo, da je v drţavah, kjer imajo lastniki zemljišč pravico do lova, teţje uveljavljati interese po ohranjanju zavarovanih velikih zveri (rjavi medved, volk in ris). Takšna ureditev verjetno daje lastniku večjo avtonomnost na svoji posesti ter občutek lastništva nad vsemi vrstami prostoţivečih ţivali, tudi zavarovanih. Za preučitev vpliva lovnih pravic na stanje velikih zveri smo v rastrskem okolju z ločljivostjo 10 % 10 km analizirali petindvajset evropskih drţav z različno zakonodajno ureditvijo lovnih pravic (drţavna lovna pravica, ali pa vezana na lastništvo zemlje). V raziskavo smo poleg lovnih pravic vključili tudi habitatne, socioekonomske in druge dejavnike, ki bi lahko vplivali na stanje velikih zveri. Ugotovili smo, da habitatna primernost bistveno vpliva na prisotnost velikih zveri ; zelo pomembni sta tudi gostota prebivalstva in prisotnost zavarovanega območja. Kjer so lovne pravice last zasebnikov, ugotavljamo negativen vpliv na prisotnost medveda in volka, ne pa tudi na risa. Sprememba lovne zakonodaje v Sloveniji bi torej utegnila zmanjšati toleranco do velikih zveri s tem pa negativno vplivala na njihovo populacijo. ; Since Slovenia declared independence, the landowners, similarly to other European post-communist countries, want the hunting right to be a property right that is tied to land, as it is the case in many western European countries. In this way, the landowners would have the right to hunt on their land. Our hypothesis was, that it is more difficult to maintain the protected large carnivores (brown bear, wolf and lynx) on areas where landlords have the right to hunt. Such regulations allow the landlords to enjoy greater autonomy there, as well as an ownership status attached to all wild life, including the protected. To examine the effects of hunting rights regulations on the status of the large carnivores, we analyzed a raster environment of 10 % 10 km in twenty-five European countries with different hunting right regulations, where the hunting right is either a property right, or it is regulated by a supreme state body. Additional to hunting rights, other factors were included into the research, such as habitat rights, socio-economic factors, and other that could influence the situation of large carnivores. We found out, that the habitat suitability has the largest influence on the presence of large carnivores, followed by the population density, and the status of a protected area. The presence of the bear and the wolf is lower where the hunting rights are tied to the land. There was no significant impact on the presence of the lynx. A legislation change in Slovenia might therefore decrease the level of tolerance towards large carnivores and have negative influence on their population.

Družinska mediacija se je v Sloveniji na okrožnih in ostalih sodiščih začela intenzivno uveljavljati z letom 2010, in sicer po sprejemu Zakona o alternativnem reševanju sodnih sporov leto prej. Zakon v 4. členu namreč določa obveznost prvostopenjskim sodiščem (okrajnim, okrožnim in delovnim) ter višjim sodiščem in Višjemu delovnemu in socialnemu sodišču, da sprejmejo in uveljavijo programe alternativnega reševanja sporov, v okviru katerih je obvezno potrebno zagotoviti mediacijo kot obliko ARS. Družinska mediacija kot podvrsta mediacije je proces, v katerem nepristranska tretja oseba pomaga udeležencem, ki so se znašli v situaciji razpada družine, še posebej parom ob ločitvi ali razvezi, da se bolje sporazumevajo med seboj ter se sporazumno in zavestno odločijo o nekaterih ali vseh zadevah glede ločitve, razveze, otrok, financ ali lastnine ter tako pripomorejo k izboljšanju komunikacije med strankama. Magistrsko delo na kratko predstavi pojem alternativnega reševanja sporov ter podlago za izvajanje programov alternativnega reševanja sporov, natančneje pa se osredotoči na sam pojem družinske mediacije, na njene podlage za izvajanje v Sloveniji ter njena temeljna načela, posebnosti in prednosti. Del magistrskega dela so tudi predstavljeni statistični podatki posameznih okrožnih sodišč od začetka izvajanja družinske mediacije posameznega okrožnega sodišča do leta 2017 glede števila zadev, ki se rešujejo z družinsko mediacijo, ter sama uspešnost družinske mediacije. Ta se osredotoča na pojem uspešnosti družinske mediacije ter možnemu trendu naraščanja uspešnosti zaradi vedno večje urejenosti družinske mediacije na zakonodajnem področju. ; Family mediation has been intensely enforced in district courts since 2010 due to adoption of the Law of alternative dispute resolution in litigation one year prior. The law regulates that all first instance courts (district and labour courts), higher courts and The higher labour and social court must accept and enforce alternative dispute resolution programs in which mediation is an important method they must provide within those programs. Family mediation is a process in which the third, neutral person helps the participants, who are a part of a family breakup, especially couples throughout divorce, to communicate better with each other and that the participants agreeably and conciously make decisions about some or all matters referring their divorce, finances, children or property during their dispute. This third neutral person helps the participants improve their communication with each other. Master's thesis represents alternative dispute resolution program and the legislative basis for implementation of ADR programs. It focuses more precisely on the concept of family mediation, its legislative basis for implementation in Slovenia, fundamental principles of family mediation, special features and advantages of family mediation. An important part of master's thesis are statistics of district courts on family mediation from the beginning until 2017 about the number of cases, which are being solved with the help of family mediation and the number of cases that have been succesfully solved with the family mediation. It focuses on possible trends of constant higher number of succesfully closed cases with family mediation and its connection to better legislative basis of ADR in Slovenia.