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The article analyzes the peculiarities of the functioning of the system "man – environment" in the realities of the modern post-information, postmodern world and the risks associated with it. The changes of this environment caused by the inclusion of a fundamentally new agent of economic, political, socio-psychological influence – the media are shown. The negative consequences of such inclusion are also shown. The aim of the study is to establish prospects for the application of the ecological approach in modern psychological research. Тhe main concepts and provisions of the ecological approach in its application to modern psychological research are indicated. Particular attention is paid to the coverage of such concepts as "environmental thinking", "environmental awareness", "environmental communications", "environmental validity", "environmental crisis". The interrelationships between the psychological and socio-psychological phenomena defined by these concepts are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of scientific research of ecological crisis and crisis states of the individual in these conditions in the paradigm of ecological psychology, ie taking into account the correspondence of the individual with the environment of his life, his professional activity, his personal development. The expediency of using a system of psychotechnics to develop motivation and environmental communication skills based on a methodology called "change policy" is substantiated. The policy of change - as an environmental technology to prevent and overcome the environmental crisis - should be implemented in three main directions: 1) as a policy of reorientation of consciousness, life positions, beliefs in the direction of going beyond the limits of alternative ideas and actions; 2) as a search for an ecological environment for development and self-realization, reorientation of own communications on the basis of value-oriented unity with this environment, common meanings, goals, assessments, actions based on "empathy formula", etc.; 3)as a policy of personal development and strengthening the system of its resources. ; У статті проаналізовано особливості функціонування системи «людина – середовище» в реаліях сучасного постінформаційного, постмодерного світу та пов'язані з цим ризики. Показано зміни цього середовища, спричинені включенням туди принципово нового агента економічного, політичного, соціально-психологічного впливу – засобів масової комунікації. Показано також негативні наслідки такого включення. Метою дослідження є встановлення перспектив застосування екологічного підходу в сучасних психологічних дослідженнях. Означено основні поняття і положення екологічного підходу в застосуванні його до сучасних психологічних досліджень. Особливу увагу приділено висвітленню таких понять, як «екологічне мислення», «екологічна свідомість», «екологічні комунікації», «екологічна валідність», «екологічна криза». Проаналізовано взаємозв'язки між означеними цими поняттями психологічними та соціально-психологічними феноменами. Акцентовано увагу на доцільності наукових досліджень екологічної кризи та кризових станів особистості в цих умовах саме в парадигмі екологічної психології, тобто з урахування увідповіднення особистості із середовищем її буття, її професійної діяльності, її особистісного розвитку. Обгрунтовано доцільність застосування системи психотехнік з вироблення мотивації та навичок екологічної комунікації, заснованих на методології під назвою «політика змін». Політика змін – як екологічна технологія запобігання і подолання екологічної кризи – має здійснюватися в трьох основних напрямах: 1)як політика переорієнтації свідомості, життєвих позицій, переконань в напрямі виходу за рамки обмежень у простір альтернативних ідей і дій; 2)як пошук екологічного середовища для розвитку і самореалізації, переорієнтація власних комунікацій на засадах ціннісно-орієнтаційної єдності з цим середовищем, спільних з ним смислів, цілей, оцінок, дій, заснованих на «емпатійній формулі» тощо; 3)як політика розвитку особистості та зміцнення системи її ресурсів

Migration has been a popular topic among researchers and scholars from various fields; and evaluated from different perspectives such as that of sociologists, politicians and economists. The main approaches to the comprehension of concept «migration» are considered in the article. The cultural and historical concepts bases for analyzing and developing of adequate notion of migration process is proposed. The article deals with major traumatic problems and issues faced by migrant workers and how they affect the psychological state of individuals. The socio-psychological essence of the phenomenon of migration is revealed, the leading aspects of migration motives of behavior are outlined, the problem of migration in globalization processes of the world and the problem of social identification of the migrant are outlined.The aim of the article is a theoretical and practical analysis of the psychology of the migrant's personality through the prism of socio-psychological research.Methods: analysis, synthesis of the provisions contained in the psychological literature on the development of modern nuclear family, comparison, generalization, interpretation and systematization of theoretical and empirical research.The study of the psychology of the migrant's personality requires attention to the leading psychological parameters, including motivation, needs, values, emotional states of the migrant, which are the basis of the mental health of the individual. At the theoretical level, the hypothesis that there is a direct positive relationship between the adaptability of the migrant in the new socio-cultural environment and indicators of personal mental health has been confirmed.Psychology has a significant contribution to make to key areas of work on migration. Most notably, the focus on trauma, counselling interventions in contexts of violence and loss, and integration and understanding shifting family relationships are all areas of work where there is, or could be, productive engagement across the disciplines. For this engagement to be meaningful, however, requires that psychology draws on the core debates emerging from the study of migration in its conceptualization and theorization of research on migration. In psychological discourse, migration is a tense process of entering a new socio-cultural environment, which may be accompanied by discomfort, anxiety, depression, different syndromes, chronic stress, problems not only mental but also domestic. In addition, the availability and accessibility of public and psychological services to make them inclusive, cultural and free remain a problem. The problem of adaptation of a migrant to new ethnocultural conditions is a serious problem, as it requires in-depth psychological analysis and correction. ; Статья посвящена анализу психологии мигранта с позиции мультидисциплинарного подхода. Описаны украинские и зарубежные подходы к пониманию понятия «миграция» и «личность мигранта». Рассмотрены понятие «адаптация» и «аккультурация» в контексте миграционных процессов. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу психології мігранта з позиції мультидисциплінарного підходу. Описано українські та іноземні підходи до розуміння поняття «міграція» та «особистість мігранта». Розглянуто поняття «адаптація» та «акультурація» у контексті міграційних процесів.

Migration has been a popular topic among researchers and scholars from various fields; and evaluated from different perspectives such as that of sociologists, politicians and economists. The main approaches to the comprehension of concept «migration» are considered in the article. The cultural and historical concepts bases for analyzing and developing of adequate notion of migration process is proposed. The article deals with major traumatic problems and issues faced by migrant workers and how they affect the psychological state of individuals. The socio-psychological essence of the phenomenon of migration is revealed, the leading aspects of migration motives of behavior are outlined, the problem of migration in globalization processes of the world and the problem of social identification of the migrant are outlined.The aim of the article is a theoretical and practical analysis of the psychology of the migrant's personality through the prism of socio-psychological research.Methods: analysis, synthesis of the provisions contained in the psychological literature on the development of modern nuclear family, comparison, generalization, interpretation and systematization of theoretical and empirical research.The study of the psychology of the migrant's personality requires attention to the leading psychological parameters, including motivation, needs, values, emotional states of the migrant, which are the basis of the mental health of the individual. At the theoretical level, the hypothesis that there is a direct positive relationship between the adaptability of the migrant in the new socio-cultural environment and indicators of personal mental health has been confirmed.Psychology has a significant contribution to make to key areas of work on migration. Most notably, the focus on trauma, counselling interventions in contexts of violence and loss, and integration and understanding shifting family relationships are all areas of work where there is, or could be, productive engagement across the disciplines. For this engagement to be meaningful, however, requires that psychology draws on the core debates emerging from the study of migration in its conceptualization and theorization of research on migration. In psychological discourse, migration is a tense process of entering a new socio-cultural environment, which may be accompanied by discomfort, anxiety, depression, different syndromes, chronic stress, problems not only mental but also domestic. In addition, the availability and accessibility of public and psychological services to make them inclusive, cultural and free remain a problem. The problem of adaptation of a migrant to new ethnocultural conditions is a serious problem, as it requires in-depth psychological analysis and correction. ; Статья посвящена анализу психологии мигранта с позиции мультидисциплинарного подхода. Описаны украинские и зарубежные подходы к пониманию понятия «миграция» и «личность мигранта». Рассмотрены понятие «адаптация» и «аккультурация» в контексте миграционных процессов. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу психології мігранта з позиції мультидисциплінарного підходу. Описано українські та іноземні підходи до розуміння поняття «міграція» та «особистість мігранта». Розглянуто поняття «адаптація» та «акультурація» у контексті міграційних процесів.

The article is devoted to the problem of corporeality as a psychological phenomenon. The problem of the human body and physicality is affected in many areas of psychology. The psychology of corporeality is not a scientific research. We study the genesis of the concept of "body" in works of domestic and foreign researchers. Particular attention needs to be paid to the analysis of factors influencing the perception of one's own physicality. Corporeality is understood as a sociocultural phenomenon — the body of a person, having social and cultural features, is transformed under the influence of social and cultural factors. The connection between corporeality and human self-evaluation is proved. The article analyzes the psychology of corporeality in the historical aspect and from the standpoint of various scientific approaches. It is noted that in modern psychological studies there is a tendency to differentiate the consideration of various aspects of physicality. A theoretical analysis of modern psychological researches in the field of physicality is conducted. In the age of globalization without borders, and under the conditions of socio- cultural space virtualization, body becomes an apotheosis of eclecticism, merging together all that had seemed incompatible. On the basis of empirical research, the level of satisfaction with the own body of clients of cosmetologists and medical institutions is investigated. Article presents the results of methodological and empirical analysis of the satisfaction with body. Results show that body image is a category engendered and determined mostly by psychological factors. Body image may have a significant influence on the human well-being.

Article describes the results of the study of the cosmetology institutions client satisfaction of their own body. Prospects for further research are identified.

The article presents the empirical study on the psychological factors of disabled students' psychological hardiness. Studying in integrated groups is a challenge of particular difficulty for disabled students who dare to exercise their rights to higher education and equal opportunities proposed by the inclusive environment, which requires from them much more efforts than those in situations of chronic illness, as well as activation of their personal resources. Therefore, it is important to study psychological hardiness as a general indicator of an individual's mental health, determining their ability to overcome life difficulties. The aim is to study the psychological characteristics, factors and predictors that determine disabled students' psychological hardiness. Methods. Factor analysis allowed us to determine the parameters of psychological hardiness for disabled students having different intensity of its components. According to the performed regression analysis, the indicators of disabled students' psychological hardiness having low and medium-high general hardiness are predicted. Results and conclusions. The factor structure of psychological hardiness for disabled students having low intensity of its components includes the following parameters: time perspective; active coping strategies; self-attitude, with the focus on assessment of them from others and an expected positive attitude of others; the need to actualize one's own Self. The predictors determining these respondents' psychological hardiness are self-esteem as a source of one's own strength, the search for social support as a strategy for active overcoming of difficulties, and self-actualization as a need for self-development and self-realization. The factor structure of psychological hardiness for disabled students having medium-high intensity of its components includes the following parameters: meaningful life orientations as a result of existing conscious goals and meanings for their lives; good self-attitude as a determinant of an individual's internal activity, time perspective as a holistic self-image in time; the individual's basic beliefs as their implicit ideas about the world around, other people, themselves and relationships with the world; values as an ability to be guided in interaction with the world around by the values of self-actualization. Predictors that determine these respondents' psychological hardiness are: the future (as a parameter of an individual's time perspective) and the values of self-actualization. The personality parameters revealed at our empirical research are the resources of disabled students' psychological hardiness and the condition of their successful self-realization.

The article is devoted to the systematization of modern scientific research related to the problem of the psychological aspects of suicide by military personnel of armed formations. The main results of the study of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide proposed by T.E. Joiner are analyzed. The most common were studies of the suicide capacity of servicemen, taking into account the peculiarities of the influence of military experience, the experience of physical pain and the loss of loved ones; identifying risk groups; studies aimed at counteracting the desire to hide their suicidal thoughts and intentions (the use and requirements for the psychodiagnostics tools) and identifying predictors of suicidal risk. The search for the latter further complicated the plans for empirical research (increasing variables, increasing and differentiating groups of subjects, using longitudinal research, searching for mediators of suicide, using multistage and cross-cultural research, taking into account content and military specifics, etc.). All available methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine reliable markers of suicidal risk in servicemen. Trying not to lose control over the problem of suicide among the military, researchers resort to measures to control the situation of committing suicide in terms of accessibility and attitude to weapons, as well as analyze preventive measures that would be effective for objectively reducing the number of suicide attempts among risk groups (cognitive behavioral approaches in psychotherapy). Despite these efforts, the problem of identifying predictors of suicide risk among military personnel has not yet been finally resolved. Modern suicidology needs, seeks and appreciates new approaches to the study of self-destructive behavior in military personnel. ; Розглянуто систематизацію сучасних наукових досліджень, пов'язаних з проблемою психологічних аспектів скоєння суїцидів військовослужбовцями збройних формувань. Проаналізовано основні результати досліджень стосовно перевірки міжособистісно-психологічної теорії суїцидів, що запропоновано вченим Т. E. Joiner. Найбільшого поширення набули дослідження з вивчення здатності до самогубства військовослужбовців, у тому числі впливу військового досвіду, переживання фізичного болю та втрат близьких; визначення груп ризику; дослідження протидії прагненню приховати свої суїцидальні думки та наміри (використання і вимоги до психодіагностичного інструментарію) та визначення предикторів ризику самогубства. Пошук останніх сприяв подальшому вдосконалюванню планів емпіричних досліджень.

The article is devoted to the systematization of modern scientific research related to the problem of the psychological aspects of suicide by military personnel of armed formations. The main results of the study of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide proposed by T.E. Joiner are analyzed. The most common were studies of the suicide capacity of servicemen, taking into account the peculiarities of the influence of military experience, the experience of physical pain and the loss of loved ones; identifying risk groups; studies aimed at counteracting the desire to hide their suicidal thoughts and intentions (the use and requirements for the psychodiagnostics tools) and identifying predictors of suicidal risk. The search for the latter further complicated the plans for empirical research (increasing variables, increasing and differentiating groups of subjects, using longitudinal research, searching for mediators of suicide, using multistage and cross-cultural research, taking into account content and military specifics, etc.). All available methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine reliable markers of suicidal risk in servicemen. Trying not to lose control over the problem of suicide among the military, researchers resort to measures to control the situation of committing suicide in terms of accessibility and attitude to weapons, as well as analyze preventive measures that would be effective for objectively reducing the number of suicide attempts among risk groups (cognitive behavioral approaches in psychotherapy). Despite these efforts, the problem of identifying predictors of suicide risk among military personnel has not yet been finally resolved. Modern suicidology needs, seeks and appreciates new approaches to the study of self-destructive behavior in military personnel. ; Розглянуто систематизацію сучасних наукових досліджень, пов'язаних з проблемою психологічних аспектів скоєння суїцидів військовослужбовцями збройних формувань. Проаналізовано основні результати досліджень стосовно перевірки міжособистісно-психологічної теорії суїцидів, що запропоновано вченим Т. E. Joiner. Найбільшого поширення набули дослідження з вивчення здатності до самогубства військовослужбовців, у тому числі впливу військового досвіду, переживання фізичного болю та втрат близьких; визначення груп ризику; дослідження протидії прагненню приховати свої суїцидальні думки та наміри (використання і вимоги до психодіагностичного інструментарію) та визначення предикторів ризику самогубства. Пошук останніх сприяв подальшому вдосконалюванню планів емпіричних досліджень.

Актуальність. Підготовка офіцерів медичної служби запасу є одним з пріоритетних завдань, що стоїть перед вищими військовими навчальними закладами та профільними кафедрами медичних закладів вищої освіти (ЗВО) України. Актуальність теми дослідження обумовлена соціальним замовленням суспільства на підготовку лікарів, здатних професійно надавати допомогу в бойових та екстремальних ситуаціях та підвищенням ефективності професійного психологічного відбору кандидатів на навчання на військових кафедрах. Професійно-психологічний відбір (ППВ) є одним з пріоритетних напрямків психологічного забезпечення підготовки офіцерів запасу в медичних ЗВО, який дозволяє прогнозувати успішність навчання і регулювати відповідність кандидатів на навчання вимогам військової підготовки і служби, підвищити прогностичний рівень оцінки їх професійної придатності на етапі ППВ, використовувати отримані при проведенні ППВ кандидатів характеристики в навчально-виховній роботі для їх подальшого формування і розвитку. Мета дослідження: дослідити та проаналізувати проблеми підвищення ефективності професійного психологічного відбору кандидатів на навчання на кафедрі медицини катастроф та військової медицини за програмою підготовки офіцерів медичної служби запасу. Матеріали та методи. Нормативно-правові документи України, результати соціологічних досліджень та методики оцінки військово-мотиваційної спрямованості особистості, рівня нервово-психічної стійкості, професійної придатності до успішного навчання у військовому навчальному підрозділі ЗВО. Результати. Авторами проаналізовано результати власних досліджень а саме рівень адаптивних здібностей кандидатів на навчання на кафедрі медицини катастроф та військової медицини, рівень розвитку якостей кандидатів на навчання та відсоткова шкала ступеня розвитку інтелекту. Висновки. Професійна підготовка офіцера медичної служби запасу – це складний і багатоплановий процес, який багато в чому визначає якість медичного забезпечення військ у мирний і воєнний час, підвищення ефективності якого – одна з найбільш актуальних проблем військово-медичної освіти. Одними з елементів для вирішення цього завдання є якісне проведення професійного психологічного відбору кандидатів для вступу на військові кафедри та високий рівень професійної компетентності офіцера-викладача. Це стане запорукою подальшого розвитку студента як майбутнього військового фахівця, готового до виконання завдань у реальних бойових умовах служби в армії, формування моральної і психологічної готовності до захисту Батьківщини, вміння підтримувати військову дисципліну, навчати і виховувати підлеглих. ; Background. Training of officers of the reserve medical service is one of the priority tasks facing the higher military educational institutions and departments of higher medical educational institutions of Ukraine. The relevance of the research is due to the social order of a society for the training of doctors who can professionally provide a medical assistance in combat and extreme situations and increase the efficiency of professional and psychological selection of candidates for training at military departments. Purpose: to research and analyze the problems of increasing the effectiveness of professional psychological selection of candidates for training at the Department of Disaster and Military Medicine under the program for training reserve medical service officers. Materials and methods. Normative legal documents of Ukraine, the results of sociological research and methods for assessing the military-motivational orientation of the individual, the level of neuropsychic stability, professional suitability for successful training in the military educational unit of a higher educational institution. Results. The authors analyzed the results of their own research, namely the level of adaptive abilities of candidates for training at the Department of Disaster and Military Medicine, the quality level of candidates for training and the percentage scale of the degree of intelligence deve­lopment. Conclusions. The professional training of a reserve medical officer is a complex and multifaceted process that largely determines the quality of medical support for troops in peacetime and wartime, increasing the efficiency of which is one of the most pressing problems of military medical education. One of the elements for solving this problem is a high-quality professional psychological selection of candidates for admission to military departments and a high level of professional competence of the officer-teacher. This will guarantee the further development of the student as a future military specialist, ready to perform tasks in real combat conditions of service in the army, the formation of moral and psychological readiness to defend the country, the ability to maintain military discipline, train and educate subordinates.

The article provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the psychological characteristics of the manifestation of shyness in preschool children. Analyzed the scientists' views on understanding of the studied phenomenon, the classification of pathological and personal forms of manifestation of personality shyness is considered. The psychological characteristics of "internally" and "externally" shy preschoolers are characterized. The positive and negative influence of shyness on the mental development of a preschool child has been substantiated. Based on a theoretical analysis of psychological literature, has given its own definition of the concept of personal shyness of a preschooler. With the help of the conducted empirical research, the structural components of personal shyness in preschool children were identified. In preschool, shyness can take the form of "internal" or "external" introspection and stimulate the search for optimal ways to overcome negative experiences using primitive isolation, autistic fantasies, etc. In our opinion, shyness in preschool children is an integrated personal quality, which is a component of emotional and volitional behavior of the child and manifests itself in the form of low self-esteem, underdeveloped communication skills, fear, need for external support and intrapersonal conflicts. The components of the self-concept of a shy preschooler have their own specific features: behavioral is characterized by fear of novelty, insecurity, conformity, lack of initiative, neglect of joint play activities, etc .; affective-evaluative component – insecurity, anxiety, timidity, anxiety, loneliness, fear of social contacts, dependence on the assessments of others, emotional vulnerability to failure; the communicative component is characterized by silence, limitations, selectivity or avoidance of interaction, inability to maintain long-term contacts, express their own opinions, etc.

The results of our observational experiment showed that the presence of indicators characteristic of a high level of personal shyness was found in 21.15% of preschool children, the average level of formation in 37.63% of subjects and a low level of shyness in preschool age was found in 41.22% of children.

The main approaches to the standardization and interpretation data of drawing methods in psychological researches of the social and political objects are analyzed in paper: «qualitative», «quantitative» and «combined». The first approach is based on the separation of picture's universal design pattern that allows to interpret its meaning. The second approach is based on the classification of narrative drawings and selection of typical methods of the object image. In the third approach «qualitative» and «quantitative» methods of collecting and interpreting data are used together. The author's approach to the «Psychological figure» data interpretation is proposed in the study of the government officials images. This approach is based on a combination of non- structured data collection methods (drawing, expert interviews) and structured methods of data processing (statistical methods). Nine key categories that determine the design of the images of the bureaucracy are distinguished: a human being– not a human being; government structure; animals; money; positive realism; portraits; geometric shapes; objects; «superhuman» beings. It has been revealed that the main trend in citizens perception is to humanize / dehumanize of government officials. It has been shown that women are significantly more likely to «humanize» the officials, have a generally positive, empathic attitude towards them. Feature of male perception is to dehumanize officials. Men tend to focus on the so-called «mechanics of power»: the system of interaction in the social hierarchy, influence the allocation of resources, the violent nature of power relations. Basic psychological patterns of socio-political perception research areas are designated in the personification of power, on the one hand, and the dehumanization of officials, on the other hand. ; У статті проаналізовано основні підходи до стандартизації та інтерпретації даних рисункових методів у психологічних дослідженнях образів соціальних і політичних об'єктів: «якісний», «кількісний» та «комбінований». Перший підхід ґрунтується на виокремленні універсальної структури малюнка, яка дає змогу інтерпретувати його смисл. В основі другого підходу лежить сюжетна класифікація малюнків та виокремлення типових способів зображення об'єкта. У третьому підході використовують «якісні» та «кількісні» методи збору та інтерпретації даних. На основі цього аналізу запропоновано авторську схему інтерпретації даних методу «Психологічний малюнок» у вивченні особливостей сприймання громадянами державних чиновників. Схема базується на комбінуванні слабко структурованих методів збору інформації (рисунок, експертне опитування) та жорстко структурованих методів обробки отриманих даних (статистичні методи). Сформульовано дев'ять ключових категорій, які визначають конструювання громадянами образів чиновництва: людина – не людина; система влади; тварини; гроші; позитивний реалізм; портретні зображення; геометричні фігури; предмети; «надлюдські» істоти. Виявлено, що ключовою закономірністю сприйняття громадянами чиновників є гуманізація/дегуманізація представників державної влади. Показано, що жінки достовірно частіше «олюднюють» чиновників, демонструючи в цілому позитивне, емпатійне ставлення до них. Особливість чоловічого сприйняття – дегуманізація образу чиновників. Чоловіки схильні акцентувати увагу на так званій «механіці влади»: системі взаємодії в соціальній ієрархії, розподілі ресурсів впливу, насильницькому характері владних відносин. Окреслені напрями подальших досліджень базових психологічних закономірностей соціально-політичного сприймання, які проявляються, з одного боку, у персоніфікації влади в цілому, а з іншого – у дегуманізації конкретних її представників .

The results of empirical research devoted to the study of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social entrepreneurship in Ukraine are considered in this article. Social entrepreneurship is a new area of practice that is developing rapidly but is still insufficiently studied in psychology. Foreign research projects compare social entrepreneurs' personal traits with the ones of traditional entrepreneurs, members of the general public, employees in the same area of activity, volunteers, etc. There are such personal traits of social entrepreneurs that have a higher level of development (compared to others) as empathy, willingness to take risks and to cooperate and develop social networks, creativity, need for autonomy and independence, optimism, trust in others, belief in positive social changes, ability to cope with obstacles on their way to social mission implementation. Most researchers emphasize the developed sense of social responsibility, moral obligations towards others, self-sacrifice of social entrepreneurs. As a result of the empirical research of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social and traditional entrepreneurship in Ukraine psychological particularities within each group of entrepreneurs have been determined. A psychological portrait of social entrepreneur has been compiled based on the obtained empirical data: an active, focused on the external world, intent on reflection and introspection, receptive to obtain new knowledge, hardworking, creative, relatively emotionally stable, moderately conformable and ambitious individual, which is characterized by a high level of empathy and an internal locus of control, which can work successfully both as a team member and independently, which can adequately estimate their capabilities and make right decisions in situations of uncertainty and risk. The differences between groups of traditional and social entrepreneurs in such factors as «Openness» according to the Big 5 Personality Traits, «Сreative tendency», «Calculated risk-taking», «Internal locus of control» according to the General measure of Enterprising Tendency (GET) test, as well as according to the Balanced Emotional Empathy Test have been detected. Based on these findings one can conclude that a phenomenon of social entrepreneurship is a dynamic process that meets the urgent needs of society, corresponds to individual motives and is determined by the specifics of professional tasks we solve, and therefore by the type of business activity in general.

This article is dedicated to the problem of defining of the key terms and concepts of the theory of psychological operations. The author offers her own definitions of the key terms and concepts of the psychological operations theory in order to avoid confusion and misunderstandings and in order to avert ambiguity in understanding the conceptual categorical apparatus of this brunch of political science. Given her own definition of the key terms will contribute to the development of the theory of psychological operations as an independent modern science. The author gave her own definitions of the following terms: «a psychological operation», «a psychological action», «a psychological war (warfare)», «an information war (warfare)», «a psychological influence», «a narrative of the psychological operation», «a target audience», «а target audience analysis», «а direction of the psychological operation». Also the author has explained and proved the difference in the meaning between the following terms: «а psychological operation» and «а psychological action», «а narrative of psychological operation» and «а direction of the psychological operation», «an information warfare» and «а psychological warfare». The significant part of the article was dedicated to the process of studying of motivation theories and explaining their role and their influence on the process of conducting of psychological operations. In addition to the above-mentioned information, the author singled out the main criteria of assessment of the effectiveness of conducting of psychological operations. Also the author singled out the main aims and purposes (political, economic and military) which are being pursued by the subject of the psychological operation in the process of its conducting. ; Статья посвящена проблеме дефинирования ключевых терминов и понятий теории информационно-психологических операций. Автором предложено собственные дефиниции ключевых терминов и понятий, что позволит избежать путаницы и двусмысленности в понимании понятийно-категориального аппарата и способствовать становлению теории информационно-психологических операций, как самостоятельной современной науки. ; Стаття присвячена проблемі дефініювання ключових термінів та понять теорії інформаційно-психологічних операцій. Автором запропоновано власні дефініції ключових термінів та понять, що дозволить уникнути плутанини та двозначності в розумінні понятійно-категоріального апарату та сприятиме становленню теорії інформаційно-психологічних операцій, як самостійної сучасної науки.

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological features of people with signs of borderline personality disorder. The study involved 40 people with signs of borderline personality disorder aged 14-56 years. According to the purpose of the study, the following tasks have been set: To investigate personality with borderline disorder; Identify and evaluate the neurotic states of a person with a borderline personality disorder; Conduct correlation analysis to investigate trends in the relationship between the indicator of the number of signs of borderline disorder and personal characteristics. The following research methods were used: 5PFQ Big Five technique (R. McCray, P. Costa), Clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic conditions (KK Yakhin, DM Mendelevich) and Methods for diagnosing borderline personality disorder (TY Lasovskaya, CP Korolenko, SV Yaechnikov). The data obtained were subjected to a mathematical and statistical analysis procedure using the SPSS Statistic program. It is proved that emotional lability (instability of emotions), impulsiveness and self-harming behavior are important diagnostic criteria of a borderline personality disorder. High level of manifestation of signs of borderline personality disorder is accompanied by such mental states of disadaptation as neurotic depression, asthenia, tension and anxiety.

У статті проаналізовано, систематизовано та узагальнено найбільш поширені методи психологічного впливу на поведінку споживача, які можуть використовуватися в рекламі. Розкрито сутність і особливості кожного із методів. Особливу увагу приділено способам і технологіям використання даних методів в сучасній рекламі для формування необхідної поведінки споживачів. Визначено ситуації, в яких застосування окремих методів є найбільш дієвими, та фактори, які впливають на їх використання. Дане дослідження носить теоретично-практичний характер. На основі досліджень підприємства і рекламодавці зможуть ознайомитися з аспектами сучасної теорії і практики психології щодо реклами та краще зорієнтуватися в сучасному рекламному виробництві. Також результати дослідження допоможуть зрозуміти яка реклама, яким чином і який вплив здійснює на психіку людини для того, щоб створювати психологічно грамотну і ефективну рекламу. ; Modern advertising is aimed to change the customers' behavior to goods on the market and stimulate them to do the purchase of it. Advertising is one of the main means to impact on the customers' behaviour, to obtain a benefit and effective tools for development of an individual company and field in total. Advertising has a significant psychological and socio-cultural impact on customers, inducing them to certain actions. From the point of view of psychology, advertising is one of the possible mediators between the need and is the subject that could satisfy it. The various methods of psychological impact on the customer are used to increase the advertising impact and effectiveness of the advertisement itself. Such methods are persuasion, suggestion, psychoanalytic method, ericonic hypnosis, neurolinguistic programming, linguistic manipulation, socio-psychological settings, stereotypes, identification, mechanism of "aureola", imitation, psychological infection, advertising shows and technology of the 25th frame. In the article we have revealed the essence and features of each method. We paid special attention to the methods and technologies of using these methods in modern advertising to form the necessary consumers' behavior. We have found that the attitude of scientists and practitioners to use of these methods is ambiguous. Some are convinced of the efficiency and utility of these methods. The second, on the contrary, argue that the use of most methods is ineffective, because the main driving force of consumers' behavior is the objective needs of man. Others believe that the effectiveness of methods of psychological influence depends on certain circumstances, as well as the level, nature and technology of using the methods themselves. We concluded that in the process of creating modern advertising used and closely intertwined various methods of psychological influence, the nature of which can be positive and negative. Psychologically competent, positive advertising does not destroy the psyche and promotes the formation of positive thinking of the consumer. Positive advertising is a psychologically competent advertisement that attracts the attention of the customer, shapes his behavior, and shows the benefits of the product, the uniqueness, the need for the product through the knowledge of the basics of psychology, and elementary information about the psychology of the individual. The research of methods of psychological influence and possibilities of their use in advertising involves the solution of a number of topical issues: scientific, technological, ethical, legislative and others. This research is theoretically practical. On the basis of a research, companies and advertisers will be able to get acquainted with the aspects of modern theory and practice of psychology with regard to advertising and better orientation in modern advertising production. Also, the results of the study will help you understand what is advertising, how and which impact does on the human psyche in order to create psychologically competent and effective advertising.

The article is devoted to researching the connections between aspects of psychological well-being and personal beliefs in the context of limitations in social functioning during a pandemic. The survey had conducted in the form of a written group survey of respondents. In the research, the following research methods were provided: R. Yanov-Bulman Basic Belief Scale; methods of diagnosing the individual's subjective well-being [11]. The results of the research were analyzed by using statistical processing methods.
The peculiarities of the connections between the aspects of well-being and personal beliefs were revealed. The presence of a person's belief in the benevolence and justice of the world is mostly due to the experience of emotional and existential well-being. The belief in the goodness of people and the value of one's own «self» in the structure of personal beliefs is associated mainly with a higher level of ego-well-being. It was proved that the general level of psychological well-being depends on beliefs: in commitment to the world, justice of the world, the kindness of people, and values of «self». The study made it possible to establish that the features of various aspects of psychological well-being and beliefs in the period of social constraints caused by the pandemic COVID-19. Higher indicators of existential-activity well-being and ego-well-being had the persons who noted the absence of deterioration of the social functioning during the pandemic. Also, among persons who did not experience a deterioration in social functioning during the quarantine period, higher rates of belief in the world's justice and the value of one's own «self» were found.
Thus, the role of basic beliefs as a worldview factor of well-being was proved, the peculiarities of their interdependence during the pandemic were studied. Empirical evidence has established the relationship between beliefs in the commitment and justice of the world, people's kindness, and the value of the «self» with various aspects of well-being.