Suchergebnisse

Examines role of race and gender construction, focusing on theoretical explanations for these crimes, characteristics of perpetrators, hegemonic masculinity, and law enforcement and legislative responses; US, chiefly.

Purpose. To determine the nature of impact of personal features on social-psychological adaptation of servicemen called to military service. Methods. The research uses the following diagnostic methods: the questionnaire by "A personal scale of anxiety symptoms"; Rosenzweig's picture test; the methods for diagnosing value orientations (М. Rokeach); J. Moreno's sociometric test (A. A. Rean); the methods for determining adequacy of realizing one's status in a group's status hierarchy (a modified variant of A. S. Sylakov's methods). Results. The study determines the factors, contributing to the formation of soldiers' subjectivity under variative service conditions and under conditions which support this process for servicemen practically: the formation of an "attractive" image of a subunit, membership of a platoon, a company, raising personal authority in a military staff, ideally – the creation of a military socio-cultural space with optimal combination of mental and social aspects, the availability of a wide range of activities, the involvement of soldiers in a wide scope of activities, which go beyond the limits of a subunit. Conclusions. The paper presents the research on social-psychological features of servicemen's adaptation to military service. It offers a number of practical recommendations for educational structures of the Armed forces about the development of pedagogical technologies, aimed at personal adaptation of servicemen called to military service to different qualitatively new activities for them. It stresses that adaptation to military service should be changed from the level of a spontaneous and chaotic approach to education to the level of professional pedagogy, to the level of psychological-pedagogical technologies. The study substantiates that the development of psychological-pedagogical technologies considering the adaptation features of servicemen called to military service causes a purposeful changes in the characteristics of personality, in particular, it allows reducing the level of anxiety, changing the mechanism of interaction with a frustrator. It establishes that when developing the procedures associated with servicemen's adaptation, it is necessary to take into consideration, that commanders' psychological-pedagogical impact should be developed according to the changes of servicemen's personal features. ; Мета. Визначити характер впливу особистісних особливостей на соціально-психологічну адаптацію військовослужбовців за призовом. Методи. У дослідженні застосовано діагностичні методики: опитування за «Особистісною шкалою прояви тривоги»; рисунковий тест Розенцвейга; методика діагностики ціннісних орієнтацій (М. Рокіч); соціометричний тест Дж. Морено (А. А. Реан); методика визначення адекватності усвідомлення свого статусу в статусній ієрархії групи (модифікований варіант методики А. С. Силакова). Результати. Визначено чинники, що сприяють формуванню суб'єктності солдатів за варіативного проходження служби і умовах, які практично забезпечують цей процес для військовослужбовців: формування «привабливого» образу підрозділу, членства взводу, роти, підвищення авторитету особистості у військовому колективі, в ідеалі – створення військового соціокультурного простору з оптимальним поєднанням психічного і соціального, наявності широкого спектру діяльності, залучення солдатів у діяльність в широкому плані, що не обмежуються рамками підрозділу. Висновки. Проведено дослідження соціально-психологічних особливостей адаптації військовослужбовців до військової служби. Зроблено низку практичних рекомендацій виховним структурам Збройних сил про організацію розробки педагогічних технологій, спрямованих на адаптацію особистості військовослужбовців за призовом до різних якісно нових для них видів діяльності. Зазначено, що адаптацію до військової служби, необхідно перевести з рівня стихійного хаотичного способу виховання на рівень професійної педагогіки, на рівень психолого-педагогічних технологій. Обгрунтованого, що розробка психолого-педагогічних технологій з урахуванням особливостей адаптації призовників до армійської служби слід врахувати, викликає спрямовану зміну характеристик особистості людини, зокрема зниження рівня тривожності, зміну механізму взаємодії з фрустратором. Встановлено, що при розробці процедур, пов'язаних з адаптацією військовослужбовців, необхідно враховувати, що психолого-педагогічний вплив командирів повинен будуватися відповідно до зміни особистісних властивостей військовослужбовців.

Community participation is the core of sustainable tourism development; however, it encounters obstacles at government-controlled heritage sites in China. This paper examines the status quo of community participation and residents' empowerment perception through 25 in-depth interviews and 168 questionnaires in the Miao ethnic heritage site of Xijiang Village in southwest China, the findings reveal that: (a) The phenomenon of disempowerment focuses on the political and economic aspects, rather than the social and psychological aspects; (b) Spatial difference affects empowerment perception; and (c) Residents desire more political and education empowerment. On this basis, the present research puts forward a comprehensive empowerment system consists of system, information, and education empowerment which contributes to the theorization of community empowerment between Chinese and Western scholars and provides an alternative path to sustainable tourism development for developing countries' cultural heritage sites.

"Talking Through Death looks at communication at the end-of-life from several different communication perspectives: interpersonal (patient, provider, family), mediated, and cultural. Through studying cultural media, funeral related rituals, religious and cultural practices, medical settings, and legal issues surrounding advance directives; readers will gain insight into the ways symbolic communication constructs the experience of death and dying, and the way meaning is infused into the dying process. The book will look at the communication-related health and social issues facing people and their families as they transition through the end of their life. It will report on research recently conducted by the author and others to create a conversational, narrative text that helps students understand the symbolism and construction of meaning inherent in end-of-life communication"--

"In the 1970s, a multifaceted alternative scene developed in West Germany. At the core of this leftist scene was a struggle for feelings in a capitalist world that seemed to be devoid of any emotions. Joachim C. Häberlen offers a vivid account of these emotional politics. The book discusses critiques of rationality and celebrations of insanity as an alternative. It explores why capitalism made people feel afraid and why modern cities made people feel lonely. Readers are taken to consciousness raising groups, nude swimming at alternative vacation camps, and into the squatted houses of the early 1980s. Häberlen draws on a kaleidoscope of different voices to explore how West Germans became more concerned with their selves, their feelings and their bodies. By investigating how leftists tried to transform themselves through emotional practices, Häberlen gives us a fresh perspective on a fascinating aspect of West German history."--

Today the problem of interpersonal communication is the most urgent. Modern technologies dictate new rules of communication to us. And one of the most pressing issues of interpersonal communication is the doctor-patient line. After all, how successful the treatment will be directly depends on their correctly built positive communication. However, not only the psychological influence of the doctor on the patient is important, but also the linguistic side of the issue. Correctly offered information, correct wording of the question, all this is necessary to create a favorable outcome of solving the patient's problem.

This article analyzes the main approaches to the definition and interpretation of thephenomenon of political violence and the basic types of political violence. Author defends position that in today's world of political violence is not limited to physical coercion, it also covers the means of psychological, ideological and other coercion, that is all that can be called spiritual duress ; В статье анализируются основные подходы к определению и толкованию феномена политического насилия. Определяются основные разновидности политического насилия. Отстаивается позиция о том, что в современном мире политическое насилие не ограничивается только физическим принуждением, оно охватывает также средства психологического, идеологического и иного принуждения, то есть все то, что можно назвать духовным принуждением ; У статті аналізуються основні підходи до визначення та тлумачення феноменаполітичного насилля. Визначаються основні різновиди політичного насилля. Відстоюється позиція про те, що у сучасному світі політичне насилля не обмежується тільки фізичним примусом, воно охоплює також засоби психологічного, ідеологічного та іншого примусу, тобто все те, що можна назвати духовним примусом

This work focuses on family functioning and mental health difficulties during confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain from the perspective of the counselors who collaborated in the psychological helpline services. A total of 56 helpline psychological counselors from 4 different services participated in this study. The principal results of this study highlight four important aspects: 1) the confinement has generated and/or aggravated previous family and mental health problems; 2) a lack of emotional and/or instrumental support has been the most frequent family problem; 3) anxiety symptoms and feelings of loneliness have proved to be the main manifestations of mental health problems; and 4) the resources most frequently used by the callers were knowing how to regulate their emotions, maintaining an organized life, and receiving support from their family and/or partner. The implications of these results and a description of the situation in Spain are also described.

Most theories of elections assume that voters and political actors are fully rational. While these formulations produce many insights, they also generate anomalies--most famously, about turnout. The rise of behavioral economics has posed new challenges to the premise of rationality. This groundbreaking book provides a behavioral theory of elections based on the notion that all actors--politicians as well as voters--are only boundedly rational. The theory posits learning via trial and error: actions that surpass an actor's aspiration level are more likely to be used in the future, while those that fall short are less likely to be tried later. Based on this idea of adaptation, the authors construct formal models of party competition, turnout, and voters' choices of candidates. These models predict substantial turnout levels, voters sorting into parties, and winning parties adopting centrist platforms. In multiparty elections, voters are able to coordinate vote choices on majority-preferred candidates, while all candidates garner significant vote shares. Overall, the behavioral theory and its models produce macroimplications consistent with the data on elections, and they use plausible microassumptions about the cognitive capacities of politicians and voters. A computational model accompanies the book and can be used as a tool for further research.

This text focuses on identifying the tipping points for disengagement from terrorism, and is informed by detailed accounts from terrorists themselves about why they left terrorism behind.