Suchergebnisse

First published in 1964, Psychology and Social Problems looks at a changing society and research into problems of the time. Many of the themes in the book, such as delinquency, mental health and racial conflict, are still familiar and current topics of discussion today.Social scientists had carried out extensive research into problems of urgent public concern, yet their findings were not widely known or understood and they had often been diffident in advocating policies based on their conclusions. Michael Argyle discussed the recent psychological and social research bearing on the origins of a

"This book has been developed from two main theses which justify my venture into the field of social psychology. The first is that the visceral-organic structure of man is basic to the understanding of psychology. However extreme the assertion may seem, I think it fair to say that the thinkers who have formed the knowledge of mind in its largest and truest terms have been those who have shown the relationship of drive, emotions, and intelligence to the structures of the body, and vice versa. The second thesis is that apart from his group a man is a mere potentiality. He is developed in a milieu that fosters, modifies, or destroys his capacities. And how that milieu works, the psychiatrist and physician has ample opportunity to witness. To explain the individual and discuss his psychology as something distinct from the psychology of the society that daily becomes more complex and ranges from the remote past far into the future is, as the anatomists would say, a false dissection, by which structures are isolated from one another artificially and their organic connection destroyed. Therefore I have begun with the structure and organic functions of the individual and have endeavored to show how social forces, like the gases of the environment, sweep in and out of him--taking command of his viscera and transforming their functions into approved deeds, and creating within him both the pleasures of conformity and the bitter, self-dividing struggle that results from the disharmony of individual capacity and desire with social authority. While the facts presented are not new, the emphasis and formulation of principles are to a certain extent original, and they merit appreciative attention. I make no pretense of having fulfilled my aim completely, the shortcomings of my work being as discernible to me as to any critic; but withal, I hope and even feel assured that both the visceral-organic and the sociological bases of social psychology are here given the emphasis they deserve"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

"Criminal Psychology examines the contributions that psychology is making to our understanding of criminals, the investigation of their crimes, processes in court and the management and treatment of offenders in prison. The psychological contributions to investigations are assessed with regard to interviewing and detecting deception as well as examining the nature and meaning of offender profiling. The role of psychologists as experts in court is reviewed, followed by a look at how psychologists work with prisoners. The psychology of the victim is also examined. The book concludes with a discussion of the future of crime and the growing contribution that psychology is making to understanding criminals and reducing their activities."--

Positive psychology is a relatively new field that examines how ordinary people can become happier and more fulfilled. Positive psychology is a science of positive aspects of human life, such as happiness, well-being and flourishing. Indian psychology is an approach to psychology based on the Indian ethos. Indian Psychology is essentially positive and rooted in the consciousness-based Indian worldview, yoga and a life-affirming spirituality. Human life is a journey of the soul which resides in the human body. Indian psychology highlights the pathway to make this journey easy and the ultimate goal of liberation of the soul (moksha) achievable through yoga, meditation and prayer. Humans are made of the body, mind, intellect, ego and soul and only soul can help to attain ultimate happiness and bliss through spirituality. The present paper is an attempt to explain that both positive psychology and Indian psychology focus on human happiness and their unique strength; and discusses how goals of positive psychology can be achieved through the rich Indian spiritual heritage. Indian psychology and spirituality share a framework that human has enormous potential hidden in its being. Indian scriptures (Vedas, Upanishads, Yoga, Bhagavad Gita) and spiritual practices (Yoga, meditation and prayer) help to discipline the mind to achieve balance, (samyavastha) to overcome the hindrance in the pursuit of happiness and to improve the qualities of different roles we play in our lives. In this way the Indian spiritual practices have important implications for the achievement of goals of Positive Psychology i.e. wisdom and knowledge, courage, humanity, justice and transcendence and makes life worth living.