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Current Periodicals‐Articles de Revues‐Zeitschriffenartikel

Recent books on international relations are reviewed in brief.

Recent publications

Several recent books on international relations are briefly reviewed.

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has made an increasing number of key decisions concerning domestic violence, of which Kalucza v Hungary is the most recent. It is the first case that addresses the nature of the human rights obligations in circumstances where it is alleged that both parties to a domestic dispute are engaged in acts of unlawful physical violence. It also considers the requirement for swift decision-making where restraining orders are sought against violent partners. The requirement to give sufficient reasons when decisions pertaining to restraining orders is also evaluated. In addition, the judgment considers the duty to determine cases pertaining to the division of the home within a 'reasonable when both parties are residing within it. This article considers the implications of this case, comparing it to other domestic violence cases that have been brought under both Articles 3 and 8.

Recent Cases -- Criminal Law--Habitual Criminal--Right of Accused to Counsel under Fourteenth Amendment Divorce--Alimony Decree Terminating upon Remarriage of Wife--Effect of Annulment of Subsequent Marriage Divorce--Statutory Modification of Domiciliary Jurisdiction--Congressional Limitation of Power of Territorial Legislature Labor Law--Unfair Labor Practice--Primary Jurisdiction in NLRB Life Insurance--Good Health Clause--Existence of Malady Unknown to Insured Nuisance--Liability for Non-Trespassory Interference with the Use and Enjoyment of Land--Intentional Invasion Wills--Holographic Codicil--Publication of an Invalid Typewritten Will

The power to parole prisoners derives from the legislative power to define crimes and set penalties for offenses, and has been delegated by Congress and state legislatures to the federal and state parole boards.' Recent litigation of inmates' post-conviction rights in federal and state correctional systems has focused increasingly on the broad discretionary power that parole boards exercise by performing their statutory mandate. The recent development of a flexible concept of due process,' however, has permitted a finer balancing of governmental and individual interests than the prior requirement of a "full panoply" of procedural safeguards, or none at all, and has tolled the demise of the "right-privilege" constitutional law doctrine. In Morrissey v. Brewer," the Supreme Court held that parolees were entitled to limited procedural due process rights in United States Board of Parole proceedings to revoke parole. The Court rejected the concept that parole is a privilege, and stressed that both the government and the inmate have substantial interests in avoiding the "grievous loss" inflicted by premature parole termination. Lower courts recently have con-fronted the issue whether due process, under the Morrissey rationale, requires a statement of reasons for denial of parole. This Comment will analyze the status of due process and statutory rights in federal parole release hearings in light of these post-Morrissey decisions and suggest a rationale that may allow more consistent results in adjudication of future questions of due process rights in parole release proceedings.

Recent Cases-- Attorney and Client--Contingent Fee Contracts--Divorce Action Corporations--Corporate Power--Contributions to Philanthropic Institutions Corporations--Criminal Anti-Trust Action--Indemnification of Directors for Litigation Expenses Evidence--Presumption of Law and Inference of Fact--Retrospective Presumption of Continuity Federal Procedure--Class Actions--Discretion of Trial Court Income Taxation--Deductions--"Ordinary and Necessary"--Expenses Income Taxation--False Statements--Criminal Penalties Labor Law--Arbitration Agreements--Specific Enforcement in Federal Courts Military Law--Discharged Personnel--Power to Arrest for Serious Crimes Military Law--Privilege Against Self Incrimination--Admissibility of Handwriting Specimen Obtained Involuntarily Torts--Automobile Guest--Contributory Negligence as a Matter of Law Workmen's Compensation--Employees' Altercations--Aggresso

Confession of judgment procedures' have seldom received unrestricted legislative approval by the states--the vast majority of jurisdictions have enacted legislation either to eliminate the practice entirely or to limit severely its use. Unrestricted employment of the procedure in consumer transactions is prevalent only in the states of Pennsylvania, Illinois and Ohio, which account for a preponderance of the confessed judgments in the United States today. Although the constitutional validity of cognovit notes has been questioned on numerous occasions, the Supreme Court had never addressed this issue until its recent decisions upholding the use of these devices in D.H. Overmyer Co. v. Frick Co. and Swarb v. Lennox. An examination of these decisions, together with judicial treatment of other areas presenting similar constitutional considerations, indicates a fundamental inconsistency in delineation of the scope of an individual's due process right to be protected in his person and property.

Recent Cases: CONTRACTS--CONFLICT OF INTERESTS--GOVERNMENT EXPERT'S PRINCIPAL EMPLOYMENT INSUFFICIENT TO VOID CONTRACT ON GROUNDS OF PUBLIC POLICY ================================= CRIMINAL LAW-ATTEMPT-CONVICTION OF ATTEMPT TO RECEIVE PROPERTY NOT IN FACT STOLEN ================================= DOMESTIC RELATIONS-UNIFORM RECIPROCAL ENFORCEMENT OF SUPPORT ACT--RELIEF FROM-EXTRADITION UPON PETITION OF THE OBLIGOR ================================= EVIDENCE-ADMISSIONS--GUILTY PLEA TO TRAFFIC LAW VIOLATION INADMISSIBLE IN SUBSEQUENT CIVIL SUIT ================================= FEDERAL JURISDICTION AND PROCEDURE--DIVERSITY JURISDICTION--ABSTENTION BY FEDERAL COURT FROM THE EXERCISE OF JURISDICTION IN DIVERSITY CASE ================================= LABOR LAW--LABOR--MANAGEMENT RELATIONS ACT-STATE COURT PRE-EMPTED FROM ENFORCING GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT ================================= PROFESSION OF LAW--BAR ASSOCIATION MAY NOT DISCIPLINE AN ATTORNEY FOR CONDUCT AS AN OFFICIAL WHEN THE ACTS COULD NOT BE COMMITTED BY OTHER MEMBERS OF BAR ================================= TAXATION-INCOME--ACCUMULATION OF CORPORATE EARNINGS RESULTING FROM DEADLOCK BETWEEN THE ONLY TWO SHAREHOLDERS ================================= TAXATION-INCOME--PAYMENT MADE TO EMPLOYEE UPON RETIREMENT IN APPRECIATION OF SERVICES IS NOT A GIFT