Regime Change. U.S. Strategy through the Prism of 9/11
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 15, S. 167-168
ISSN: 1645-9199
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 15, S. 167-168
ISSN: 1645-9199
In: Novos Estudos CEBRAP, Heft 58, S. 5-28
In: Desafios da globalidade 2
This work analyzes the mining legal system in Brazil associated with the historical understanding of the colonization process, from the transmodern perspective of Enrique Dussel and decolonial thougth in Latin America. Mining was guided by an instrumental reason of Eurocentric matrix, supported by the man-nature disjuction, as well as an universalist and objectifying view of enviroment. Therefore, It have sought to confront this exploratory model with the assumptions of decolonial thinking and the proposal of overcoming from the emerging andean Latin America environmental constitutionalism. The discussion of mining under the poltical ecology in Latin America was deeppened, especially the contemporary theoretical developments by the neoextractivism concept and the new role of the State in the global commodity market. Next, the epistemological foudations of the mining regulation in Brazil and the proposals for legislative change in Bill 5.807/2013, Provisional Measure 790/2017 and Bill 191/2020 was anayzed. In the end, it can surmise that the exploitation model in the country keeps politically aligned with a ultraliberal and mercantilized dimension of nature, founded on an antinatura rationality. ; O presente trabalho analisa o regime jurídico da mineração no Brasil, associado a compreensão histórica do processo colonização, a partir da perspectiva transmoderna de Enrique Dussel e do pensamento decolonial na América Latina. A atividade extrativa mineral orientou-se por razão instrumental de matriz eurocêntrica, escorada na disjunção homem-natureza, bem como por uma cosmovisão univestalista e objetivadora do meio ambiente. Por meio da utilização do método dialético, buscou-se confrontar esse modelo exploratório dela decorrente com os pressupostos do pensamento decolonial e a proposta de superação advinda do emergente constitucionalismo ambiental latino-americano andino. Aprofundou-se, ainda, a discussão da atividade mineira à luz da ecologia política na América Latina, notadamente os contemporâneos desenvolvimentos teóricos da noção de neoextrativismo e o novo papel do Estado no mercado global de commodities. Em seguida, analisaram-se os alicerces epistemológicos dos regimes jurídicos de mineração no Brasil e as propostas de mudança legislativa do Projeto de Lei nº 5.807/2013, da Medida Provisória nº 790/2017 e o Projeto de Lei nº 191/2020. Ao final, depreende-se que o modelo de exploração de recursos minerais no país mantém alinhado a uma dimensão politicamente ultraliberal e mercantizada da natureza, fundada numa racionalidade antinatura.
BASE
In: Revista brasileira de politica internacional, Band 55, Heft 1, S. 174-193
ISSN: 0034-7329
This paper discusses the current challenges of the multilateral trade system, which are reflected in the WTO Doha Round deadlock. The main patterns of trade have changed due to the rise of global value chains and the globalization of the world economy, characterized by an increasing dispersion and fragmentation of industrial production. The article discusses the way these changes are challenging traditional assumptions of the multilateral trade system and the WTO Doha Round negotiations. Taking Brazil as an example, the paper argues that the mismatch between the negotiating agenda and the new world trade realities dwells in the very WTO member countries, which, at a great extent, have not yet aligned its trade policies to the new dynamics of the international trade. Finally, we argue that during the last ten years Brazil's trade policy has not properly considered the important changes in the international trade patterns brought about by global value chains and economic globalization. Adapted from the source document.
In: Fronteira: Revista de Iniciacao Cientifica em Relacoes Internacionais, Band 6, Heft 11, S. 93-117
In: Dados: revista de ciências sociais, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 75-123
ISSN: 0011-5258
This essay contrasts the strategies adopted under the Sarney administration with the general character of Brazilian labor politics since the 1930's, when the state first began to take an active role in structuring the labor relations system. The results of this examination prompt the conclusion that a major effort has been made to institutionalize, after a long tradition of exclusionary corporatist approaches, a new participatory system which may eventually provide an important element in the process of democratic regime consolidation
World Affairs Online
Com a adoção do regime contábil de competência como base do registro contábil na Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público de diversos países, os governos precisam decidir entre manter o regime de caixa para elaboração dos documentos orçamentários ou ampliar o espectro da mudança também para o campo da geração do orçamento público. O assunto tem sido estudado, especialmente, por governos nacionais e organismos internacionais de forma a verificar a adequação do caminho percorrido por estes países. O presente artigo tem como objetivo iniciar uma discussão importante para o Brasil, em face da futura edição de uma nova lei de finanças públicas e abre caminho para a realização de novos estudos que aprofundem a discussão aqui iniciada. Para isso, foram utilizadas, como fonte dos dados, as pesquisas internacionais realizadas sobre o orçamento de competência, bem como alguns documentos governamentais dos países que adotaram o orçamento por regime de competência. A partir da coleta desses documentos na internet, realizando análise de conteúdo, foi possível identificar as diferenças entre os regimes existentes, bem como vantagens e desvantagens do orçamento por competência. Notadamente, foram identificadas diferenças quanto ao registro de valores referentes a despesas não financeiras (por exemplo, a depreciação), reconhecimento de passivos durante sua geração, ao invés de no momento de seu pagamento. A comparação entre os países que mantiveram o orçamento em caixa depois da adoção da competência com os países que fizeram a adoção da competência para orçamento e contabilidade é importante para verificar até que ponto é fundamental que o mesmo regime seja utilizado para os dois sistemas. ; With the adoption of accrual accounting as the basis for accounting records applied to accounting in the public sector of many countries, governments have to decide between keeping a cash basis for the preparation of budget documents and broadening the spectrum of change to include the field of public budget generation. This subject has been studied particularly by national governments and international organizations to verify the appropriateness of the paths taken by these countries. This article aims to initiate an important discussion for Brazil regarding the future passing of laws on public finances and paves the way for additional studies that expound on the discussion on accrual budgeting. International studies conducted on accrual budgeting together with government documents of the countries that have adopted the practice have been used as data sources. Based on the compilation of these documents from the Internet, content analysis was conducted, making it possible to identify differences between existing regimes and to identify advantages and disadvantages of accrual budgeting. Notably, differences were identified in terms of recorded amounts related to non-financial expenditure (e.g., depreciation) and recognition of liabilities during their generation rather than at the time of their payment. It is important to compare countries that use cash-based budgeting after the adoption of the accrual basis of accounting with countries that have adopted accrual budgeting and accounting to ascertain to what extent the same regime should be used for accounting and budgeting.
BASE
In: Dados: revista de ciências sociais, Band 33, Heft 3, S. 443-470
ISSN: 0011-5258
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 29
ISSN: 1645-9199
This article analyses the evolution of Brazilian foreign policy identifying the lines of continuity and change, between 1985 and 2000. It argues that the lines of strength of Brazilian foreign policy were formulated before democratization, including the period of the military regime. However, priorities have been reorganized, leading as a consequence to the implementation of different strategies, according to internal and external changes. The foreign policy of democracy is therefore characterized by the changes in continuity. Adapted from the source document.
Este artigo aborda os desafios enfrentados quando se busca modificar os regimes de desigualdade na escola envolvendo atributos de gênero e sexualidade. Utiliza-se a etnografia de cenas escolares em três escolas públicas de Porto Alegre, as quais são palco de ações autoclassificadas como de "combate à homofobia", "respeito pela diversidade" e "inclusão para todos". Não se trata de fazer uma avaliação das políticas públicas, uma vez que há pouca envergadura do trabalho de campo, mas a reflexão sobre o que foi observado e relatado tem importância como insumo de monitoramento e avaliação das ações, bem como para estimular a reflexão teórica acerca das categorias conceituais em que tais ações se baseiam. O texto está estruturado em três unidades. Na primeira, percorre-se parte da complexa discussão conceitual e política que hoje envolve categorias como diferença, diversidade, inclusão, igualdade e desigualdade, em articulação com as categorias do campo específico: gênero, sexualidade e masculinidades no espaço escolar. Na segunda unidade, explicita-se o método de etnografia de cenas escolares, situando o contexto das escolas e dos grupos de alunos. A terceira narra algumas cenas, articulando seu conteúdo com questões de ordem teórica e com diretrizes de políticas públicas vigentes na área. A principal hipótese aqui desenvolvida é de que as ações escolares parecem querer valorizar a diversidade sem tocar no estatuto da heteronormatividade, o que compromete seu alcance. ; This paper addresses the challenges one faces when attempting to change the basis of inequality in school associated with attributes of gender and sexuality. Ethnographic procedures are utilized to describe school scenes in three public schools in the city Porto Alegre, which are the stage where actions self-rated as intended to "fight homophobia", "respect towards diversity" and "inclusion of all". The aim is not evaluate public policies, since there is little span of field work, instead the reflection on what has been observed and reported is important as an input for monitoring and assessing actions, as well as to stimulate theoretical thinking about the conceptual categories on which such actions are based. The text is structured in three units. The first one deals with the complex conceptual and political discussion that currently involves categories such as difference, diversity, inclusion, equality and inequality, in articulation with the specific field categories: genders, sexuality and masculinities in the school environment. The second unit brings the ethnographic method for school scenes, assigning the context of the schools and groups of students. The third unit narrates some scenes and articulates their contents with theoretical issues and guidelines of the public policies currently in force for the subject. The main hypothesis developed herein is that school actions seem to praise diversity without touching the status of heteronormativity, which adversely affects its outreach.
BASE
This paper offers an analysis of the illiberal practices and discourse of the Global War on Terror (GWoT) and demonstrates how the United States of America used the liberal argument as a qualitative metric of its success and failure in the GWoT. I argue that 'the othering' of Salafi Jihadists as well the full military involvement in Afghanistan and Iraq were both philosophically rooted in the liberal thinking of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill, which have traditionally guided US foreign policy. More significantly, these liberal philosophies of history and international relations hold within them the seeds of illiberalism by depicting non-liberal, undemocratic societies/organisations as 'barbaric' – and as such prime candidates for intervention and regime change. Predicated upon this logic, the discourse of the GWoT framed Al Qaeda as a key existential threat to not only the United States but also the 'civilised world' in general and one which required a 'liberal defensive war' in response. It was the successful securitisation of Al Qaeda that essentially enabled the United States to adopt deeply illiberal policies to counter this so-called existential threat by using any means at its disposal.
BASE
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 13, S. 89-103
ISSN: 1645-9199
At the dawn of the new millennium, Cuba is, once again, at a vital crossroad. After ruling the country for almost half a century, Fidel Castro was taken seriously ill & had to delegate its responsibilities as head of State & of Government to his constitutional successor, General Raul Castro. This event inaugurated the process of finding a new way to govern Cuban society, but it cannot be confused with what has become familiarly known, in the jargon of Political Science, as a "transition." This notion is too charged & suggests a change of regime, & we are not about to witness anything like that in Cuba. However, it seems obvious that changes will have to be introduced, both in the structure of government & in the way political life is organized. This essay will try to predict some of those changes taking as reference the "real existing" Cuban society. Adapted from the source document.
O estudo buscou examinar a percepção dos usuários internos, externos e preparadores da informação contábil do setor público brasileiro sobre a alteração do regime de contabilização para o baseado na competência, quanto à capacidade de produção de potenciais benefícios informacionais para a tomada de decisões e de gestão das entidades públicas. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma pesquisa de campo a partir da metodologia proposta por Kober, Lee, e Ng (2010) em estudo exploratório, e os dados analisados com a utilização dos testes de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitnney. Os resultados indicam que, na percepção dos respondentes, o regime de competência pode produzir benefícios informacionais para a tomada de decisão das entidades públicas, apontando que sua adoção não se fará apenas por exigência mandatória ou pressão de organismos internacionais. A análise das diferenças nos níveis de utilidade percebida pelos grupos sugere que as ações adotadas pelos gestores do processo de implementação das Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público (NBCASP), no que tange a divulgação e capacitação, podem estar surtindo efeito, quando os preparadores apresentam uma percepção em maior índice que os usuários internos e externos, do potencial gerador de informações para decisões do regime de competência. Adicionalmente, pode indicar a necessidade dos gestores do processo de implementação das NBCASP de focar sua atuação nos demais envolvidos (usuários internos e externos) de forma a preparar o ambiente para a incorporação deste novo paradigma. ; This study examined the perceptions of internal and external users and preparers of accounting information in the Brazilian public sector regarding a change to an accrual based accounting system and the potential for such a system to provide informational benefits to decision-makers and managers of public entities. An exploratory survey was conducted using the methodology proposed by Kober, Lee, and Ng (2010), and the data were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. The results indicated that the survey respondents perceived accrual basis accounting as having the potential to provide informational benefits for decision-making within governmental agencies. This result suggests that the adoption of this new accounting system is not entirely driven by a mandatory requirement or pressure from international institutions. Differences in levels of perceived usefulness among different respondent groups suggest that actions taken by the managers of the Brazilian Accounting Standards Applied to the Public Sector (Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público - NBCASP) to improve dissemination of information and implement training programs may be paying off because internal and external users were more likely than other respondents to perceive accrual basis accounting as having high potential for generating information for decision-making. Additionally, these results indicate the need for NBCASP managers to focus the implementation process on the activities of other stakeholders (internal and external users) to generate an environment that is receptive to this new paradigm.
BASE
In: Revista brasileira de politica internacional, Band 53, S. 73-90
ISSN: 0034-7329
Due to its recent economic success, Brazil is considered an emerging country, but is it an emerging power concerning global environmental governance? This article argues that although Brazil has a sui generis profile, it can only be considered an emerging power in some environmental regimes, such as global climate change. Thus, international relations theory needs more analytical instruments to assess the impact of emerging powers in global environmental governance. Adapted from the source document.