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In: Routledge studies in the modern history of France
French agriculture in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: growth without development -- Industrialization from the old regime to the post-revolutionary era: non capitalist opportunity-driven growth -- The first transition to industrial capitalism from the 1850 to the 1920s: imposing competitive imperatives -- The agricultural revolution of the fifth republic after the end of the 1950s -- Slow growth, relapse, and flourishing capitalist industrialization from the interwar period to the 1970s.
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Epigraph -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of boxes -- Foreword -- Part I: Philosophy, theory and practice of working with young people -- Chapter 1: Philosophy and theories of counselling young people -- Philosophy of counselling theories -- Modernism versus postmodernism -- Mechanism-organicism -- Focus on problems versus on people -- Individualism versus contextualism -- Theories of counselling -- Stance of the counsellor -- Eclecticism -- Theory selection -- Evidence -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Solution-focused theory -- Causes versus solutions -- Philosophy of a solution-focused approach -- Therapeutic questioning -- Phases of solution-focused therapy -- Discuss pre-session change -- Problem-free talk -- Describe the problem -- Reframing the problem -- Formulate goals -- Types of goals -- Outcome goals -- Vague goals -- Negative goals -- Emotional goals -- Insight goals -- Wanting others to change -- Unrealistic goals -- Harmful goals -- Multiple goals -- 'I don't know' responses -- 'I don't care' responses -- Process goals -- Scaling -- Identify solutions -- Identify exceptions -- Identify strengths -- Highlight strengths -- Homework tasks -- Behavioural tasks -- Observational tasks -- Review -- Plan for overcoming obstacles to change -- Relapses -- Checking back -- Evidence -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Narrative therapy -- Questions -- The wonderfulness interview -- Describe the problem -- Externalising the problem -- Deconstruction -- Investigate the problem's strategies and pattern of entry -- Map its influence -- Map clients' influence on the problem -- Landscape of action questions -- Landscape of identity questions -- Relationship questions -- Unique circulation questions -- Metaphors for responses to the problem.
In: Intercultural communication, S. 28-42
ISSN: 1404-1634
Drug abuse has been proven to be a mental disorder because of the heavy intake of substances usage controlled by the environment. Environmental factors play a significant role in drug addiction and recovery. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding environmental factors contributing to relapse and hinder motivation for recovery among drug addicts in Malaysia. Therefore, the objective of this research is to find out the impact of the environment on drug relapse and motivation recovery in former addicts. For this purpose, a cross-sectional research design was utilized whereby a self-administered questionnaire was randomly distributed among 50 Malaysian drug addicts. Data were analysed through IBM SPSS software version 25.0, and the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach supported by Smart-PLS 3.3 to analyse the research model. The findings of the study indicated that the environment significantly impacts motivation recovery and relapse. Furthermore, the positive environment influences motivation for recovery in former addicts and pushes the addicts to relapse after rehabilitation. The study will provide insights into the environmental factors that contribute to drug addiction and relapse in Malaysia.
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Cover -- Endrosements Page -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Handouts -- About the Authors -- Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Wellness: The Key to Recovery -- Introduction -- The Addiction Field's Traditional View of Addiction -- Addiction as a Moral Failing -- Addiction as Disease -- Traditional Addiction Treatment -- Review of the Literature on Individual Dimensions of Wellness -- The Case for a Holistic Wellness Perspective -- Conclusion -- 2 An Overview of Wellness Counseling and Wellness-Based Addictions Counseling -- Wellness -- Well-Being -- Wellness Counseling -- Wellness-Based Addictions Counseling -- The Wellness-Substance Use Relationship -- WBAC is Strengths-Based and Client-Centered -- WBAC Guidelines -- What about Maslow? -- How Do WBAC and the Brain Science on Addiction Co-Exist? -- Co-Occurring Disorders -- WBAC in Abstinence-Based Treatment Programs -- Considerations for Implementing WBAC -- Client Example - Eric -- Client Background -- Family History -- Substance Use History -- Conclusion -- 3 Wellness-Based Evaluation: Screening, Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Planning -- Introduction -- Evaluation -- Screening -- Interview -- Substance Use Assessment Instruments -- Wellness Assessment Instruments -- SUD Diagnosis -- Do a Client Map -- Wellness Plan -- Harm Reduction -- Substance-Specific Goals -- Addressing Strengths in the Wellness Plan -- Eric's Wellness Screening and Assessment -- Impact of Substance Use -- Relationship between Eric's Wellness and Substance Use -- Substance Use Evaluation and Diagnosis -- The Start of Eric's Goal-Setting Process -- Conclusion -- 4 Holistic Relapse Prevention -- Introduction -- What is a Relapse? -- The Covert Antecedents Model of Relapse -- Relapse and Wellness Recovery.
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In: Treatments that work
"Women with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and other Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) have different etiology, mortality, relapse antecedents, clinical presentation, and course of the disorders than men with AUD/SUD (see Epstein & Menges, 2013; Epstein et al., 2018 ). For instance, relative to men, women report higher comorbidity of mood, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, eating, and personality disorders (Rosenthal, 2013); and women are likely to drink alone, in secrecy, daily, in response to relationship difficulties (Zweig, McCrady, & Epstein, 2009) and in response to negative emotional triggers (Abulseoud et al., 2013). Women tend to have social networks that include family members and romantic partners with SUD (Leonard & Homish, 2008) who do not support recovery (McCrady, 2004). Many relapse antecedents are more prevalent in women than men, including being alone, negative affect, interpersonal problems and relationship distress (Walitzer & Dearing, 2006). Mediators of treatment on AUD outcomes also may differ by gender; mechanisms of change generally relevant to women likely include alleviation of negative affect, enhanced coping skills and self-care, improved interpersonal functioning (Velasquez & Stotts, 2003), and greater emotion regulation (Ashley, Marsden, & Brady, 2003; Timko, Finney, & Moos, 2005). Gender differences in clinical presentation of addiction, relapse antecedents, and mediators suggest that treatments tailored to women's concerns may enhance access to treatment and yield more positive outcomes than gender-neutral programs. Treatment utilization for alcohol use problems is lower for women than for men. Women may be more likely to seek help if single-gender treatment is offered (Cucciare et al., 2013; Lewis et al., 2016), however, female-segregated treatments have been found to be efficacious only if they include female-specific programming (Epstein & Menges, 2013; Holzhauer, Cucciare & Epstein, 2020)"--
In: Science & society: a journal of Marxist thought and analysis, Band 87, Heft 2, S. 196-221
ISSN: 1943-2801
The argument in Lukács: Praxis and the Absolute (López, 2019) suggests that Lukács' attempt to supersede Hegel failed. Ironically, Lukács' concept of praxis reproduces the logical structure of Hegel's bad infinity, concealing its own finite historical origins in October 1917 (and Lukács' philosophical reflection thereupon) while also mystifying the conceptual-logical content of praxis itself. In short, Lukács' concept of praxis is a mythology that relapses into the antinomies he identified and criticized in others. If Lukács' philosophy of praxis is critically reconstructed in light of Hegel's speculative understanding of the infinite and the finite, Lukács' concept of praxis may be recovered and reconstituted on a more rational basis. The resulting speculative concept of praxis makes it possible to overcome the interrelated pitfalls of nihilism and dogmatic positivity that Lukács referred to via Heraclitus. Further, this will assist the development of a more reflective, critical Marxist Hegelian concept of praxis that may better orient socialist practice and contribute to the reformation of Marxism that Gillian Rose called for in Hegel Contra Sociology (Rose, 2009).
In: Kultura polisa: časopis za negovanje demokratske političke kulture = The culture of polis : journal for nurturing of democratic political culture, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 17-38
ISSN: 2812-9466
Research indicates that the likelihood of developing addiction increases with the number of adverse childhood experiences [ACE]. ACE are common precursors to early initiation of psychoactive substance use [PAS], significantly increasing the risk of substance abuse and faster progression to substance addiction [SA]. ACE are associated with a more severe course of addiction, poorer treatment outcomes, and higher rates of relapse after treatment completion. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the link between ACE and the development of psychoactive substance dependence during adulthood, through the method of analysis and synthesis of empirical and theoretical research. The theoretical framework of the paper is based on the theories of cumulative inequality and trauma, which provide overarching postulates for interpreting the link between childhood adversity and SA, and offer conceptual insights into understanding the detrimental effects of ACE on the biopsychosocial development of individuals. This approach challenges the traditional notions of addiction as a "personal choice", "moral irresponsibility", "circumstantial coincidence", or "genetic predisposition". The paper provides guidelines that emphasise the need for an integrative approach in addressing trauma and addiction, as well as a holistic approach to individuals undergoing addiction treatment.
In: Journal of neurological surgery. Part A, Central European neurosurgery = Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie, Band 84, Heft 1, S. 03-07
ISSN: 2193-6323
Abstract
Background Surgery for pyogenic Spondylodiscitis as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy is an established treatment. However, the technique and extent of surgical debridement remains a matter of debate. Some propagate diskectomy in all cases. Others maintain that stand-alone instrumentation is sufficient.
Methods We reviewed charts of patients who underwent instrumentation for pyogenic Spondylodiscitis with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Patients were stratified according to whether they underwent diskectomy plus instrumentation or posterior instrumentation alone. Outcome measures included the need for surgical revision due to recurrent epidural intraspinal infection, wound revision, and construct failure.
Results In all, 257 patients who underwent surgery for pyogenic Spondylodiscitis were identified. Diskectomy and interbody procedure (group A) was performed in 102 patients, while 155 patients underwent instrumentation surgery for Spondylodiscitis without intradiskal debridement (group B). The mean age was 67 ± 12 years, and 102 patients (39.7%) were females. No significant differences were found in the need for epidural abscess recurrence therapy (group A [2.0%] and 5 cases in group B [3%; p = 0.83]) and construct failure (p = 0.575). The need for wound revisions showed a tendency toward higher rates in the posterior instrumentation–only group, which failed to reach significance (p = 0.078).
Conclusions Overall, intraspinal relapse of surgically treated pyogenic diskitis was low in our retrospective series. The choice of surgical technique was not associated with a significant difference. However, a somewhat higher rate of wound infections requiring revision in the group where no diskectomy was performed has to be weighed against a longer duration of surgery in an already ill patient population.
Bisher mangelt es an kontrollierten Untersuchungen zum Effekt des offenen Vollzugs auf die Legalbewährung, da vorherige Studien unterschiedliche Gruppen von Inhaftierten miteinander verglichen. Um diesem Selektionseffekt entgegenzuwirken, wurden in der vorliegenden Studie mittels Matching-Verfahren vergleichbare Gruppen von Gefangenen gebildet. Mit Hilfe von Bundeszentralregisterdaten konnten die Rückfallquote, -geschwindigkeit und -schwere untersucht sowie individuelle Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren der Gefangenen kontrolliert werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Unterbringung im offenen Vollzug über die Positivauswahl von Gefangenen hinaus einen eigenständigen Effekt hat und das Risiko einer erneuten Inhaftierung signifikant reduziert.
In: Communications in Computer and Information Science 1681
Social Media and Online Communities -- Multi-Step Ahead PM2.5 Prediction Based On Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques -- A Joint Framework for Knowledge Extraction from Flight Training Comments -- ScholarRec: A User Recommendation System for Academic Social Network -- Incremental Evolutionary Community Discovery Method based on Neighbor Subgraph -- Video Rumor Classification Based on Multi-modal Theme and Keyframe Fusion -- Association Rule Guided Web API Complementary Function Recommendation for Mashup Creation: An Explainable Perspective -- Globally Consistent Vertical Federated Graph Autoencoder for Privacy-Preserving Community Detection -- Research on user personality characteristics mining based on social media -- A Unified Stream and Batch Graph Computing Model for Community Detection -- A Feature Fusion-based Service Classification Approach for Collaborative Development -- Requirements Classification and Identification Approach for E-collaboration System -- Community Evolution Tracking Based on Core Node Extension and Edge Variation Discerning -- University Knowledge Graph Construction Based on Academic Social Network -- Country-Level Collaboration Patterns of Social Computing Scholars -- An Intelligent Mobile System for Monitoring Relapse of Depression -- Fine-grained Sentiment Analysis of Online-Offline Danmaku Based on CNN and Attention -- Ramp merging of connected vehicle with virtual platooning control -- Community Detection based on Enhancing Graph Autoencoder with Node Structural Role -- Representation of Chinese-Vietnamese Bilingual News Topics Based on Heterogeneous Graph -- Convolutional Self-Attention Network for Sequential Recommendation -- Towards Using Local Process Mining to Analyse Learning Behavior Pattern -- Collaborative Mechanisms, Models, Approaches, Algorithms and Systems -- Memory-e↵ective parallel mining of incremental frequent itemsets based on multi-scale -- An AST-based collaborative discussion tool for the MOOC environment -- DQN-based Comprehensive Consumption Minimization on Calculation Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing -- Stochastic Task Offloading Problems for Edge Computing -- Container-Driven Scheduling Strategy for Scientific Workflows in Multi-vCPU Environments -- A Segmented Path Heuristic Recovery Algorithm for WSNs Based on Mobile Sink -- TRindex: Distributed double-layer road network trajectory index -- Sleep Scheduling for Enhancing the Lifetime of Three-dimensional Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks -- CoSBERT: A Cosine-based Siamese BERT-Networks using for Semantic Textual Similarity -- Towards Heterogeneous Federated Learning -- A Graph-Based Efficient Service Composition Method for Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) -- Privacy-preserving federated learning framework in knowledge concept recommendation -- RCPM: A Rule-based Configurable Process Mining Method -- Popularity Bias Analysis of Recommendation Algorithm Based on ABM Simulation -- Cloud-Edge Collaborative Task Scheduling Mechanism Based on Improved Parameter Adaptation Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm -- An Approach to Assessing the Health of Opensource Software Ecosystems -- Topic Discovery in Scientific Literature -- Multi-agent Adversarial Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Based on Reward Query Attention Mechanism -- UAV Target Roundup Strategy Based on Wolf Pack Hunting Behavior -- Prediction of New Energy Vehicles via ARIMA-BP Hybrid Model.
Der Forschungsbericht enthält eine exemplarische Evaluation des Hauses des Jugendrechts Frankfurt am Main-Höchst, das in seiner Anlaufphase bereits Gegenstand eines Vorgängerprojekts in den Jahren 2010 bis 2012 war. Dort arbeiten wie in den meisten "Häusern des Jugendrechts" Jugendstaatsanwaltschaft, Polizei und Jugendgerichtshilfe zusammen, hinzu kommt als lokale Besonderheit die Einbeziehung des von einem freien Träger angebotenen Täter-Opfer-Ausgleichs. Die Förderung von Diversionsmaßnahmen und die Vermeidung von Haft gelten vor Ort als wichtige Ziele. Erstmals untersucht wurde, ob junge Beschuldigte, die im Haus des Jugendrechts Höchst betreut werden, nach Abschluss des Verfahrens weniger oft rückfällig werden als vergleichbare Personen aus anderen Frankfurter Stadtteilen, wo das traditionelle Jugendstrafverfahren praktiziert wurde. Dazu wurden Bundeszentralregisterdaten und die Einträge des bei den Staatsanwaltschaften in Hessen eingeführten Vorgangsverwaltungssystems MESTA untersucht. Die Legalbewährung wurde aufgrund von Auskünften aus dem Bundeszentralregister mit einem Beobachtungszeitraum von mindestens vier Jahren untersucht. Dabei blieben in der Experimentalgruppe (N = 250) aus dem Haus des Jugendrechts 70% der Jugendlichen und Heranwachsenden ohne Folgeeintragung, während in der Kontrollgruppe (N = 130) die Fälle erneuter Eintragungen mit einem Anteil von insgesamt 59% deutlich im Vordergrund standen. Allerdings waren die beiden Gruppen wegen deutlich unterschiedlicher Fallstrukturen und Verfahrensweisen der Staatsanwaltschaft nur eingeschränkt vergleichbar. In der ergänzenden Befragung berichteten die vier interviewten Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter des Hauses des Jugendrechts Höchst von einer positiven interdisziplinären Kooperation und zeigten sich vom Konzept des Hauses des Jugendrechts überzeugt. Besonders positiv seien der persönliche Kontakt untereinander und die kurzen Wege.
In: Političke perspektive: časopis za istraživanje politike, Band 12, Heft 2, S. 89-115
ISSN: 2335-027X
Many African states experienced democratic transition following the third wave of democratization that spread across the region in the 1990s. Such democratic states became characterized by multiparty elections, tolerance for opposition tolerance, media freedom, protection of human rights and respect for the rule of law. However, recent trends show that democratic growth has stalled while its gains are short-lived in many states. This is evidenced in the rise in third termism, constitutional coups, military coups and digital authoritarianism that plagues the continent – suggesting a wave of democratic relapse and autocracy. One is therefore poised to ask what the state of democracy in Africa is and what trends and practices have led to a general decline in levels of democracy. To this end, this paper assesses the incidence of democratic recession in Africa by adopting a descriptive and analytical approach that relies on secondary data sourced from peer-reviewed journal articles, reports, briefs and internet sources. It was found that the decline in democratization, otherwise democratic relapse heralds an epoch of democratic instability and entrenched autocracy in the continent. This is not unconnected with the spate of bad governance, violent electoral contestation, digital repression and widespread violation of human rights that is prevalent on the continent. It was therefore recommended that priority be given to good governance, the strengthening of state institutions and tolerance for opposition.