Suchergebnisse

The general articulation of the issue and its connection with the important research and practice tasks. One of the main tasks in the development of Ukraine as a multi-confessional country with a high level of religious tolerance is to ensure the partnership and harmonic interaction between members of different religious groups and state bodies. The implementation of this task requires the creation of necessary economic, political, ideological and spiritual and cultural tools, and also the existence of effective management institution and its vertical, that would provide effective regulation of state-religious relations in Ukraine. Ukrainian experience shows that the loss of the ability to control the state-religious relations by the state results in interreligious and interfaith conflicts and weakens the national security. These make the study of the tendencies of development of state-religious relations in Ukraine actual. The analysis of the recent publications regarding the issues this article deals with. The problems of state-confessional relations are studied by such scholars as: V. Yelenskii, L. Fylypovych, Y. Khavarivskii, S. Reshetnikov, S. Onyshchuk and others. The collective monographies, published by the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine and by Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion have unified character. The purpose (the objective) of this article. The objectives of the study – to analyze the institutional development of state-church relations in Ukraine and define the interrelation between the improvement of interreligious dialogue, work of interreligious and interchurch organizations and the institutional development of state bodies in this area, to work out proposals to enhance the effectiveness of a state body in the sphere of state-church relations. Define and substantiate priority tasks for the State Service of Ukraine for Ethno-Politics and Freedom of Conscience in the sphere of state-church relations. The key results and the background. There is no state-administrative analysis of the effectiveness of work of the state bodies responsible for the state-religious relations in the process of setting up state-church relations, depending on the status of the body and its subordination. Organizational and operational structure of public administration of state-religious processes is one of the types of management institutions, peculiar to states with a multi-confessional composition of the population. This structure is a set of state bodies in unity of the subjects of jurisdiction and competences, and also relevant organizational interrelations that provides integral public management influence on state-religious relations. Conclusions and the prospects of the further research. One of the problems in the work of state bodies in the sphere of state church relations was constant transfer of competencies between the central bodies of executive power, and also instability of the very body, responsible for this area. Organizational and functional structure of such bodies was created only with central office but without regional offices. There is no religious community that constitutes the majority in the regions of Ukraine, so the absence of local regional offices leads to the abuse of power by local executive bodies that exercise registration mandate. Religious organizations are becoming more active participants in the establishment of civil society in Ukraine and it requires more active monitoring of the work of religious organizations. Also in addition to the monitoring, the body in the sphere of state-religious relations has to overcome that lack of communication between national communities, religious organizations, and state bodies that was in the previous years. Keywords: civil society; church; religion; politics; state; society; state-religious relations. ; У статті систематизовано інституційний розвиток державного управління у сфері державно-релігійних відносин, прослідковано історичні передумови та практичну необхідність в інституційному упорядкуванні цих відносин в Україні і їхній вплив на регіональний рівень. Розглянуто безперервний розвиток інституційних механізмів регулювання державно-релігійних відносин у різноманітних формах та статусах упродовж незалежності України. Визначено та охарактеризовано фактори, що впливали на державно-релігійні відносини. Проаналізовано проблемидержавного управління у сфері державно-релігійних відносин та надано пропозиції щодо їх розв'язання. Визначено та обґрунтовано зв'язок між державною політикою у сфері державно-релігійних відносин та розвитком екуменічних рухів і створенням міжрелігійних об'єднань. Доведено визначальне значення управлінської діяльності інститутів держави, що регулюють державно-релігійні відносини, у процесі зміцнення релігійного плюралізму, охорони прав релігійних меншин та зменшенні міжрелігійних конфліктів. У статті також досліджено вплив релігійного чинника на забезпечення національної безпеки України в умовах нових викликів і гібридних загроз. Показано вплив політичних чинників на діяльність та обсяг повноважень центральних органів виконавчої влади, до відання яких належали державно-релігійні відносини. Ключові слова: громадянське суспільство; церква; релігія; політика, держава; суспільство; державно-релігійні відносини.

The general articulation of the issue and its connection with the important research and practice tasks. One of the main tasks in the development of Ukraine as a multi-confessional country with a high level of religious tolerance is to ensure the partnership and harmonic interaction between members of different religious groups and state bodies. The implementation of this task requires the creation of necessary economic, political, ideological and spiritual and cultural tools, and also the existence of effective management institution and its vertical, that would provide effective regulation of state-religious relations in Ukraine. Ukrainian experience shows that the loss of the ability to control the state-religious relations by the state results in interreligious and interfaith conflicts and weakens the national security. These make the study of the tendencies of development of state-religious relations in Ukraine actual. The analysis of the recent publications regarding the issues this article deals with. The problems of state-confessional relations are studied by such scholars as: V. Yelenskii, L. Fylypovych, Y. Khavarivskii, S. Reshetnikov, S. Onyshchuk and others. The collective monographies, published by the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine and by Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion have unified character. The purpose (the objective) of this article. The objectives of the study – to analyze the institutional development of state-church relations in Ukraine and define the interrelation between the improvement of interreligious dialogue, work of interreligious and interchurch organizations and the institutional development of state bodies in this area, to work out proposals to enhance the effectiveness of a state body in the sphere of state-church relations. Define and substantiate priority tasks for the State Service of Ukraine for Ethno-Politics and Freedom of Conscience in the sphere of state-church relations. The key results and the background. There is no state-administrative analysis of the effectiveness of work of the state bodies responsible for the state-religious relations in the process of setting up state-church relations, depending on the status of the body and its subordination. Organizational and operational structure of public administration of state-religious processes is one of the types of management institutions, peculiar to states with a multi-confessional composition of the population. This structure is a set of state bodies in unity of the subjects of jurisdiction and competences, and also relevant organizational interrelations that provides integral public management influence on state-religious relations. Conclusions and the prospects of the further research. One of the problems in the work of state bodies in the sphere of state church relations was constant transfer of competencies between the central bodies of executive power, and also instability of the very body, responsible for this area. Organizational and functional structure of such bodies was created only with central office but without regional offices. There is no religious community that constitutes the majority in the regions of Ukraine, so the absence of local regional offices leads to the abuse of power by local executive bodies that exercise registration mandate. Religious organizations are becoming more active participants in the establishment of civil society in Ukraine and it requires more active monitoring of the work of religious organizations. Also in addition to the monitoring, the body in the sphere of state-religious relations has to overcome that lack of communication between national communities, religious organizations, and state bodies that was in the previous years. Keywords: civil society; church; religion; politics; state; society; state-religious relations. ; У статті систематизовано інституційний розвиток державного управління у сфері державно-релігійних відносин, прослідковано історичні передумови та практичну необхідність в інституційному упорядкуванні цих відносин в Україні і їхній вплив на регіональний рівень. Розглянуто безперервний розвиток інституційних механізмів регулювання державно-релігійних відносин у різноманітних формах та статусах упродовж незалежності України. Визначено та охарактеризовано фактори, що впливали на державно-релігійні відносини. Проаналізовано проблемидержавного управління у сфері державно-релігійних відносин та надано пропозиції щодо їх розв'язання. Визначено та обґрунтовано зв'язок між державною політикою у сфері державно-релігійних відносин та розвитком екуменічних рухів і створенням міжрелігійних об'єднань. Доведено визначальне значення управлінської діяльності інститутів держави, що регулюють державно-релігійні відносини, у процесі зміцнення релігійного плюралізму, охорони прав релігійних меншин та зменшенні міжрелігійних конфліктів. У статті також досліджено вплив релігійного чинника на забезпечення національної безпеки України в умовах нових викликів і гібридних загроз. Показано вплив політичних чинників на діяльність та обсяг повноважень центральних органів виконавчої влади, до відання яких належали державно-релігійні відносини. Ключові слова: громадянське суспільство; церква; релігія; політика, держава; суспільство; державно-релігійні відносини.

This article analyzes the state policy of Ukraine on regulation of social and religious relations. Determined that the church-state relationship is institutional relationships that are primarily social and political in nature. They have their context every historical day. The history of relations between the state and the Church reaches of the Roman Empire. Separation of church and state began in the Middle Ages and in the Renaissance with the development of civil societies started entry processes of secularization and secular features of social life. The theocracy; tsezaropapizm; state church; intermediate state of separation of church and state; policy of nationalization of religion and the Church are determined among the newest models of the relationship of church and state. Grounded four main types (concepts) of public policy for the regulation of relations between church and state: politics nationalization of religion and the Church; leftist-anarchist views and actions; policy of conciliation in religious matters; policy of tolerance. It is noted that the definition of a national model for each country is the individual case, which is affected by many factors external and internal influences, namely: legal principles, the views of secular and ecclesiastical authority, tradition, spiritual and moral state of society and so on. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу державної політики України щодо регулювання суспільно-релігійних відносин. Визначається, що державно-церковні відносини є між інституціональними відносинами, які переважно носять соціально-політичний характер та в кожну історичну добу мають свій контекст. Історія взаємин між державою і Церквою сягає доби Римської імперії. Відокремлення держави і церкви розпочалося в добу середньовіччя, а в епоху Відродження із становленням громадянських суспільств розпочалися процеси секуляризації і набуття світських рис суспільного життя. Серед новітніх моделей взаємин держави і церкви визначають теократію; цезаропапізм; державна Церква; проміжний стан відокремлення Церкви і держави. політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви. Обґрунтовуються чотири основні види (концепції) державної політики щодо регулювання взаємин держави і Церкви: політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви; лівацько-анархічні погляди та дії; політика примиренства в релігійному питанні; політика толерантності.Зазначено, що визначення національної моделі для кожної окремої країни є індивідуальною справою, на яку впливає чимало чинників зовнішнього та внутрішнього впливу, а саме: правові устої, погляди світської та церковної влади, традиції, духовний та моральний стан суспільства тощо. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу державної політики України щодо регулювання суспільно-релігійних відносин. Визначається, що державно-церковні відносини є між інституціональними відносинами, які переважно носять соціально-політичний характер та в кожну історичну добу мають свій контекст. Історія взаємин між державою і Церквою сягає доби Римської імперії. Відокремлення держави і церкви розпочалося в добу середньовіччя, а в епоху Відродження із становленням громадянських суспільств розпочалися процеси секуляризації і набуття світських рис суспільного життя. Серед новітніх моделей взаємин держави і церкви визначають теократію; цезаропапізм; державна Церква; проміжний стан відокремлення Церкви і держави. політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви. Обґрунтовуються чотири основні види (концепції) державної політики щодо регулювання взаємин держави і Церкви: політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви; лівацько-анархічні погляди та дії; політика примиренства в релігійному питанні; політика толерантності.Зазначено, що визначення національної моделі для кожної окремої країни є індивідуальною справою, на яку впливає чимало чинників зовнішнього та внутрішнього впливу, а саме: правові устої, погляди світської та церковної влади, традиції, духовний та моральний стан суспільства тощо.

The theme of cooperation between the army and the church has always taken place in Ukrainian society.Ukraine's gaining of state independence, its transformation processes as a post-Soviet country, the presence of contradictory tendencies in its development, the elimination of communist ideology, deepened the destruction in the public consciousness and created a certain ideological vacuum in the sphere of morality and spirituality. Expanding democracy, building the appropriate spiritual foundations, moralizing society have become more relevant and have become one of the important markers of modern society development, including the Armed Forces of Ukraine.The article analyzes the place and role of the Church in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the introduction of pastoral care in the military environment and the development of cooperation with the church. Some historical aspects of participation of religious confessions of Ukraine in the process of formation and development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as their role and place in the spiritual and cultural education of the of the Armed Forces personnel are covered. A historical analysis of the state and dynamics of the development of rela-tions between Ukrainian Orthodox churches and the state in the field of spiritual care of servicemen is conducted. Concrete steps regarding the introduction of the institute of military clergy (chaplain service) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine dur-ing the formation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during 1991-1994 were consi-dered and analyzed, as well as the most objectively covered processes that became the driving force during the formation and development of the military-religious relations in the outlined period. On the basis of the historical facts analyzed, a model of meeting the reli-gious needs of servicemen in the period of formation and development of military- religious relations was established, as well as a system of education of servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and implementation of practical measures for organizing such work in the military environment. ; У статті проаналізовано деякі історичні аспекти участі релігійних кон- фесій України у процесі створення, становлення та розвитку Збройних Сил України. Висвітлено їх роль та місце в духовному та культурному вихованні особового складу Збройних Сил України. На основі проаналізованих істо- ричних фактів встановлено модель задоволення релігійних потреб військо- вослужбовців у період зародження і розвитку військово-релігійних відносин.

The theme of cooperation between the army and the church has always taken place in Ukrainian society.Ukraine's gaining of state independence, its transformation processes as a post-Soviet country, the presence of contradictory tendencies in its development, the elimination of communist ideology, deepened the destruction in the public consciousness and created a certain ideological vacuum in the sphere of morality and spirituality. Expanding democracy, building the appropriate spiritual foundations, moralizing society have become more relevant and have become one of the important markers of modern society development, including the Armed Forces of Ukraine.The article analyzes the place and role of the Church in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the introduction of pastoral care in the military environment and the development of cooperation with the church. Some historical aspects of participation of religious confessions of Ukraine in the process of formation and development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as their role and place in the spiritual and cultural education of the of the Armed Forces personnel are covered. A historical analysis of the state and dynamics of the development of rela-tions between Ukrainian Orthodox churches and the state in the field of spiritual care of servicemen is conducted. Concrete steps regarding the introduction of the institute of military clergy (chaplain service) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine dur-ing the formation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during 1991-1994 were consi-dered and analyzed, as well as the most objectively covered processes that became the driving force during the formation and development of the military-religious relations in the outlined period. On the basis of the historical facts analyzed, a model of meeting the reli-gious needs of servicemen in the period of formation and development of military- religious relations was established, as well as a system of education of servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and implementation of practical measures for organizing such work in the military environment. ; У статті проаналізовано деякі історичні аспекти участі релігійних кон- фесій України у процесі створення, становлення та розвитку Збройних Сил України. Висвітлено їх роль та місце в духовному та культурному вихованні особового складу Збройних Сил України. На основі проаналізованих істо- ричних фактів встановлено модель задоволення релігійних потреб військо- вослужбовців у період зародження і розвитку військово-релігійних відносин.

The theme of cooperation between the army and the church has always taken place in Ukrainian society. Ukraine's gaining of state independence, its transformation processes as a post-Soviet country, the presence of contradictory tendencies in its development, the elimination of communist ideology, deepened the destruction in the public consciousness and created a certain ideological vacuum in the sphere of morality and spirituality. Expanding of democracy, building the appropriate spiritual foundations, moralizing of society have become more relevant and have become one of the important markers of development of modern society, in particular the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The article analyses the place and role of the Church in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the introduction of pastoral care in the military environment and the development of cooperation with the church. Some historical aspects of participation of religious confessions of Ukraine in the process of development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as their role and place in the spiritual and cultural education of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are covered. A historical analysis of the state and dynamics of the development of relations between Ukrainian Orthodox churches and the state in the field of spiritual custody of servicemen is conducted. Concrete steps regarding the attempt to introduce the institute of military clergy (chaplain service) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine during 2005–2013 are considered and analysed, as well as the most objectively covered processes that became thedriving force during theformation and development of military-religious relations. On the basis of the historical facts analysed, a model of meeting the religious needs of servicemen in the period of formation and development of military-religious relations was established, as well as a system of education of servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and implementation of practical measures for organizing such work in the military environment. Keywords: Ukrainian Church, religious denominations, clergy, chaplains, spiritual education, pastoral care. ; У статті висвітлено деякі історичні аспекти трансформаційних процесів у розвитку військово-релігійних відносин в Україні у період 2005–2013 рр., а також їх роль та місце в процесі нормативно-правового врегулювання організації душпастирської опіки військовослужбовців Збройних Сил України. На основі проаналізованих історичних фактів встановлено модель задоволення релігійних потреб військовослужбовців Збройних Сил України досліджуваного періоду у порівнянні з моделями капеланського служіння збройних сил інших держав світу. Ключові слова: Українська церква, релігійні конфесії, духовенство, капелани, духовне виховання, душпастирська опіка, морально-психологічне забезпечення.

У стaттi прoaнaлiзoвaнo прaвoвe зaбeзпeчeння дiяльнoстi дeржaвнoгo oргaну у спрaвaх рeлiгiй, a тaкoж висвiтлeнo прoблeми прaвoвoгo рeгулювaння дeржaвнo-цeркoвних вiднoсин тa зaхисту прaв i свoбoд людини у сфeрi свoбoди сoвiстi тa вiрoспoвiдaння в Укрaїнi, нa рiзних eтaпaх її рoзвитку. Oбґрунтoвaнo oкрeмi прoпoзицiї щoдo вдoскoнaлeння чиннoгo зaкoнoдaвствa у дaнiй гaлузi. In the article theoretical background has been studied, and tendencies of public policy in the field of regulation of the state and church relations and protection of the rights and freedoms of the person at different stages of development of our state have been analysed, and practical recommendations for improvement of the organizational mechanism of interaction of the state and church in the sphere of freedom of conscience and religion in Ukraine have been offered. It has been established that: 1) public policy in this sphere de jure is based on legal principles which follow the international standards, but de facto a lot of gaps in the legislation still exist, they allow officials to interfere in the activity of the religious organizations which is carried out within the law; 2) the mechanism of providing freedom of conscience and religion which exists in Ukraine in the form of the national legal system, considerably makes the religious organizations dependent on state body for affairs of religions. For the purpose of improvement of the organizational mechanism of interaction between the state and church it is necessary to create the relevant consulting councils within executive agencies, and also in the apparatus of the President of Ukraine.

The article studies the issues of the negative impact of the state atheism policy aimed to eradicate the religious beliefs from the minds of people. The abandoning from this policy after the Soviet Union collapse led to the introduction of spiritual and religious (secular) education inUkraine, it assisted growing of the authority of the Church as a whole.The attention is focused on the fact that the atheism as a state ideology was actively promoted by a number of institutions and the mass media. After the Soviet power had been established the "The Union of the Godless Warriors" was created, the various kinds of anti-religious printing and newspaper production were published.The author described the stages of the state atheism policy; he opened the forms and the methods of governmental activities, aimed to eradicate the religious beliefs from the minds of people. These activities often extend beyond the law and human morality. The article shows that physical destruction of the clergy, the destruction of churches, monasteries, mosques and other places of worship had a significant role. State atheism in theSoviet Unionhas gone from primitive criticism of clerical using campaign posters in the 20s of the twentieth century, the so-called "scientific atheism" in the days of Khrushchev – Brezhnev. The article provides examples of activities lecturers and propagandists of scientific atheism inUkraineduring the Soviet era. It contributed to the development of scientific atheism religious studies as a science: there are numerous scientific studies which, although not free from ideological accretions, but created a framework for the development of contemporary academic religious studies.The historical context highlights the stages of religious studies, the meaning and the functions of a spiritual enlightenment education and religious and professional education, which became possible in the independent Ukrainian state as a result of the democratization of all spheres of church-state relations, are described. In the spiritual (religious) education are distinguished: general spiritual awareness education as religious education, education for rooting the faith of the faithful of a particular denomination, and religious and vocational education, which provides training for the future clergy (priests, pastors, mullahs, muftis etc.). The author compares the state of general spiritual awareness education in times of state atheism, which is characterized by a relatively high level of awareness among believers based on their faith, a modern "religious nihilism" when the faithful of many denominations cannot explain in what they believe and why.With respect to religious and vocational education trend is the opposite: the level of education in modern theological academy and seminary greatly exceeds what could get seminarians at the time of the domination of state atheism. This is caused by the fall of the "Iron Curtain", which allowed free access to the world of theological thought, and flourishing their theological studies in Ukrainian theological academy and seminary.In this article the author gives a comparison of secular and spiritual education that exists inUkraine, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each. In particular, highlighted the necessity to keep existing inUkraineis a clear separation of the spiritual and secular education, but offered this field of education mutually enriches each other. This process of mutual enrichment should occur naturally non-coercive way: by understanding and recognition of certain advantages that exist in different educational systems of secular and spiritual.The author defined a number of recommendations concerning the interaction of the state (secular) and spiritual (religious) education; he highlighted the trends of the development in the context of the church-state relations in the present.In particular, the article provides suggestions on procedures for the recognition of diplomas spiritual institutions of higher education by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine by introducing into the curriculum of educational institutions such compulsory public education component. This component can serve as the one minimal but sufficient condition that, on the one hand, will consider certificates that give spiritual (religious) institutions of higher education, so as to meet state standards, on the other hand, minimizes the interference of state bodies in activity of church schools, and consequently, the activity of the Church. ; Рассматриваются вопросы отрицательного влияния политики государственного атеизма, направленной на искоренение из сознания людей религиозных взглядов, отход от которой после распада СССР обусловил учреждение религиозного (духовного) и религиоведческого (светского) образования в Украине та содействовал укреплению авторитета Церкви. ; Розглядаються питання негативного впливу політики державного атеїзму, спрямованої на викорінення зі свідомості людей релігійних поглядів, відхід від якої після розпаду СРСР зумовив запровадження релігійної (духовної) та релігієзнавчої (світської) освіти в Україні та сприяв відродженню авторитету Церкви.

The theme of cooperation between the army and the church has always taken place in Ukrainian society.Ukraine's gaining of state independence, its transformation processes as a post-Soviet country, the presence of contradictory tendencies in its develop- ment, the elimination of communist ideology, deepened the destruction in the public consciousness and created a certain ideological vacuum in the sphere of morality and spirituality. Expanding democracy, building the appropriate spiritual foundations, moralizing society have become more relevant and have become one of the important markers of development of modern society, in par-ticular the Armed Forces of Ukraine.The article analyzes the place and role of the Church in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the introduction of pastoral care in the military environment and the development of cooperation with the church. Some historical aspects of participation of religious confessions of Ukraine in the process of development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as their role and place in the spiritual and cultural education of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are covered.A historical analysis of the state and dynamics of the development of relations between Ukrainian Orthodox churches and the state in the field of spiritual cus- tody of servicemen is conducted. Concrete steps regarding the attempt to introduce the institute of military clergy (chaplain service) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine during 1994-2004 are considered and analyzed, as well as the most objectively covered processes that became the driving force during the formation and devel- opment of military-religious relations. period.On the basis of the historical facts analyzed, a model of meeting the religious needs of servicemen in the period of formation and development of military-reli- gious relations was established, as well as a system of education of servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and implementation of practical measures for organ- izing such work in the military environment. ; У статті висвітлено деякі історичні аспекти участі релігійних конфесій України у процесі становлення та розвитку Збройних Сил України, а також їх роль та місце в духовному та культурному вихованні особового складу Зброй- них Сил України. На основі проаналізованих історичних фактів встановлено модель задоволення релігійних потреб військовослужбовців у період станов- лення та розвитку військово-релігійних відносин.

The theme of cooperation between the army and the church has always taken place in Ukrainian society.Ukraine's gaining of state independence, its transformation processes as a post-Soviet country, the presence of contradictory tendencies in its develop- ment, the elimination of communist ideology, deepened the destruction in the public consciousness and created a certain ideological vacuum in the sphere of morality and spirituality. Expanding democracy, building the appropriate spiritual foundations, moralizing society have become more relevant and have become one of the important markers of development of modern society, in par-ticular the Armed Forces of Ukraine.The article analyzes the place and role of the Church in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the introduction of pastoral care in the military environment and the development of cooperation with the church. Some historical aspects of participation of religious confessions of Ukraine in the process of development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as their role and place in the spiritual and cultural education of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are covered.A historical analysis of the state and dynamics of the development of relations between Ukrainian Orthodox churches and the state in the field of spiritual cus- tody of servicemen is conducted. Concrete steps regarding the attempt to introduce the institute of military clergy (chaplain service) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine during 1994-2004 are considered and analyzed, as well as the most objectively covered processes that became the driving force during the formation and devel- opment of military-religious relations. period.On the basis of the historical facts analyzed, a model of meeting the religious needs of servicemen in the period of formation and development of military-reli- gious relations was established, as well as a system of education of servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and implementation of practical measures for organ- izing such work in the military environment. ; У статті висвітлено деякі історичні аспекти участі релігійних конфесій України у процесі становлення та розвитку Збройних Сил України, а також їх роль та місце в духовному та культурному вихованні особового складу Зброй- них Сил України. На основі проаналізованих історичних фактів встановлено модель задоволення релігійних потреб військовослужбовців у період станов- лення та розвитку військово-релігійних відносин.

The article deals with the problems of legal regulation and researching substantiation of state-confessional relations. The author describes the existing doctrinal approaches to the definition of the concept of "state-confessional relations". The author provides his own definition of state-confessional relations as a type of inter-institutional relations, characterized by the presence of a legal and actual connection between religious organizations and the state. It is noted, that the presence of a legislative definition of the right to freedom of worldview and religion allows religious organizations to determine the framework of their activities in accordance with the legal regulations. The opinion is expressed, that in modern soci- ety there is an urgent need for a legislative definition of the legal status of religious organizations as subjects of law. The existence of well- established state-confessional relations contributes to the proper understanding by representatives of state authorities of the peculiarities of the religious worldview of the population of the state, which is an important condition for the adoption of such normative legal acts that would not contradict the religious feelings of believers and would not lead to an unreasonable restriction of their right to freedom of religion. On the other hand, the partnership of religious organizations with the state gives them the opportunity to participate in public discussions of legislative initiatives, providing them with a religious assessment.In the article, the author pays considerable attention to the problems of legislative regulation of the activities of religious organizations. Taking into account the terminological imperfection of the Statute of Ukraine "On freedom of conscience and religious associations" and the absence of a separate enaction with the definition of terms in it, the author provides his own definitions of the concepts "religious organization", "religious association", "religious institution" and "religious community", which may use the legislator when determining the legal status of religious organizations in Ukraine. An opinion is expressed, that the existence of a unified approach to legislative terminology will allow for effective legal regulation of the religious sphere of public life. ; Рассматривается проблематика правового регулирования и научного обоснования государственно-конфессиональных отношений. Описываются существующие доктринальные подходы к определению понятия "государственно-конфессиональные отношения". Приводится авторское определение государственно-конфессиональных отношений как разновидности межинституционных отношений, характеризующихся наличием юридической и фактической связи между религиозными организациями и государством. Отмечается, что наличие законодательного определения права на свободу мировоззрения и вероисповедания позволяет религиозным организациям определять рамки своей деятельности в соответствии с нормативно-правовыми предписаниями. Высказывается мнение о том, что в современном обществе возникает острая необходимость в законодательном определении правового положения религиозных организаций как субъектов права.Значительное внимание уделено проблемам законодательного регулирования деятельности религиозных организаций. Учитывая терминологическое несовершенство Закона Украины "О свободе совести и религиозных объединениях" и отсутствие в нем отдельной статьи с определением терминов, автором приводятся собственные дефиниции понятий "религиозная организация", "религиозное объединение", "религиозное учреждение" и "религиозная община", которыми может пользоваться законодатель при определении правового положения религиозных организаций в Украине. Высказывается мнение о том, что существование единого подхода к законодательной терминологии позволит осуществлять эффективное правовое регулирование религиозной сферы общественной жизни. ; Розглянуто проблематику правового регулювання та наукового обґрунтування державно-конфесійних відносин. Описано існуючі доктринальні підходи до визначення поняття "державно-конфесійні відносини". Наведено авторське визначення державно-конфесійних відносин як різновиду міжінституційних відносин, що характеризуються наявністю юридичного та фактичного зв'язку між релігійними організаціями і державою. Зазначається, що наявність законодавчого визначення права на свободу світогляду і віросповідання дає змогу релігійним організаціям визначати рамки своєї діяльності відповідно до нормативно-правових приписів. Висловлено думку про те, що у сучасному суспільстві виникає гостра потреба у законодавчому визначенні правового положення релігійних організацій як суб'єктів права.Значну увагу приділено проблемам законодавчого регулювання діяльності релігійних організацій. Враховуючи термінологічну недосконалість Закону України "Про свободу совісті та релігійні організації" і відсутність у ньому окремої статті з визначенням термінів, автором наводяться власні дефініції понять "релігійна організація"", "релігійне об'єднання", "релігійна установа" і "релігійна громада", якими має користуватись законодавець при визначенні правового положення релігійних організацій в Україні. Висловлюється думка про те, що існування єдиного підходу до законодавчої термінології дасть можливість здійснювати ефективне правове регулювання релігійної сфери суспільного життя.

The author shows that a specific type of political-legal model of state-church relations plays a decisive role in the process of regulating relations between the state and the church in the historical-legal context, since it determines the content and form of such relationships. It is shown that three primary typological models have formed the basis for relations between the state and the church during the history of the mankind: the unitary model (the state structures are subordinated to the church); the so-called "two swords" model (relations between the state and the church are recognized as parity relations between autonomous institutions); and the trinitarian model (a clear separation of functions between the state and the church). Other models of such relationships present in society are derivatives of the above-mentioned ones. The essence of political and legal types of models of state-church relations existing in the world are analyzed. The principles are described and the necessity to develop a cooperative model of state-church relations in the state and to formalize in legislation is substantiated. The content of the models that took place in the history of Ukraine (the Kyiv-Rus model, the Kozak-Mohyla model and the model of coexistence of the church with the communist authorities) is described. It is pointed out that the basic component of the existing Ukrainian model of state-church relations is that the state and the Church are defined as equal subjects of state-church relations. Therefore, each of them acts within its specific competencies, mutually supporting each other in matters concerning the jurisdiction of these social institutions. It is argued that, at the same time, religious organizations operate in the legal field of the state, and the latter does not interfere in the affairs of the Church. Thus, freedom of conscience in the country is ensured and this creates favorable conditions for religious organizations. In conclusion, the author points out that in recent years Ukraine has not only theoretically developed cooperative models of interaction of the state with religious institutions and organizations, but also carried out practical measures for their implementation. ; В статье автор доказывает, что в историко-правовом контексте конкретный тип политико-правовой модели государственно-церковных отношений играет определяющую роль в процессе регулирования отношений между государством и церковью, поскольку определяет содержание и формы таких взаимоотношений. Показывается, что в истории человечества в основе отношений между государством и церковью были положены три основные типологические модели: унитарная (в ней государственные структуры подчиняются церковным); модель так называемых "двух мечей" (отношения государства и церкви признаются паритетными как автономных институций); тринитарная (характеризуется четким розмежеванием функций между государством и церковью). Имеющиеся в социуме другие модели таких отношений являются производными от указанных. Подчеркивается, что выбор и утверждения такой модели для нашего поликонфессионного общества предусматривает учет исторических традиций, духовных и материальных условий жизни граждан Украины. ; У статті автор доводить, що в історико-правовому контексті конкретний тип політико-правової моделі державно-церковних відносин відіграє визначальну роль у процесі регулювання відносин між державою і церквою, оскільки визначає зміст і форми таких взаємин. Показується, що в історії людства в основі відносин між державою і церквою були покладені три основні типологічні моделі: унітарна (в ній державні структури підпорядковуються церковним); модель так званих "двох мечей" (відносини держави і церкви визнаються паритетними як автономних інституцій); тринітарна (характеризується чітким розмежуванням функцій між державою і церквою). Наявні в соціумі інші моделі таких відносин є похідними від зазначених. Підкреслюється, що вибір і затвердження такої моделі для нашого поліконфесійного суспільства передбачає врахування історичних традицій, духовних і матеріальних умов життя громадян України.

ROLE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW RELATIONS STATE AND CITIZENS IN THE SOVIET UNIONPiliai А.М., PhD studentNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine The article examines the theoretical side of Administrative Law of the Soviet Union in terms of his contemporaries in terms of the role of administrative law in the system of relations between the state and the citizen.Science Soviet administrative law developed as the establishment of public administration in the Soviet Union and the establishment of administrative law as a legal industry. Despite crucial that gave the Marxist-Leninist doctrine administration in a socialist society, science administrative law developed quite controversial.At the initial stage of the Soviet state administrative science institutes were still not very active and methodical attack on scientists which helped lay the foundations of administrative law administrative scientists former Empire and as a result of the creation of the first Soviet administrative code 1927. However, as soon as Thus, at the end of the 30s of the twentieth century, a situation in which administrative law as a whole and all other areas of law could move only in the direction of creating a system built on the principles of "class struggle" and actually create a system rigid centralization of power at all levels.With regard to legislative activity, it should be noted that the adoption of the Constitution of the USSR in 1936 led to a clearer separation of subject Administrative Law based on the formation of executive and administrative bodies as independent governance structures. War and postwar period led to further opportunities fetish controls in political and economic governance.Even in the postwar years in the Soviet legal literature formed different views on the scope of public administration. Yes, there are two main points of view. Some scientists identified it with the system of government and regarded as the executive and administrative activities only those bodies. Others have argued that executive and administrative activities make all public authorities, but to varying degrees and varying quality.Based on the above analysis of the categories of public relations should pay attention to how little space they occupied an ordinary citizen, despite the fact that it really is and keeps the whole state apparatus and the official goal of the Soviet Union as a state built to unite all citizens in uniform socialist family.As a result of the opposition of the people of the Soviet Union administrative bureaucracy at the time of independent Ukraine in our country did not exist, even the idea of cooperation on equal terms between the state and its citizens, which led to no significant changes in the structure of the relationship between man and the state for the first twenty years of independent Ukraine. We are still feeling the remnants of Soviet-style administration, in which the state exists primarily for themselves.

В статті досліджуються проблемні аспекти взаємовідносин держави і церкви, зокрема, аналізуються основні моделі взаємовідносин держави і церкви, досліджується досвід України та Польщі. ; В статье исследуются проблемные аспекты взаимоотношений государства и церкви, в частности, анализируются основные модели взаимоотношений государства и церкви, исследуется опыт Украины и Польши. ; Problem setting. The society is a kind of rather complex, dynamically differentiated and social systems characterized by integrity, stability and ability of self-development, as well as the existence of special social norms and values that ensure its functioning. At the same time, the high importance for the regulation of social relations is played by law and religion, because particular these elements determine the normal state of functioning of society as a whole and a person in it. According to this, the special attention is paid to the issue of the relations between the law and the religion.After the Revolution of Dignity, our state is undergoing the process of national revival, a return to the implementation of the idea of ruining national, legal and ideological system, taking into account the traditional and religious origins of law. Thus, nowadays there are intensified efforts to determine the connection of law with religious norms, laws of spiritual development of society. This necessitates the need for comprehensive research, the characteristics of the relations between the church and the state, because the religious norms, through which the regulation of certain spheres of public life is carried out, have not become the subject of research by scholars in many areas: lawyers, sociologists, phi- losophers, etc. This study was especially relevant as a result of the conflict between the Ukrainian Orthodox churches of the Kyiv and Moscow Patriarchate, which gained much publicity in January 2018. That is why the problems of relationships between the church and the state are gaining the high importance.Recent research and publications analysis. Under the modern conditions, the prob- lems of the relationship between the church and the state, in particular, its sociological, philosophical, moral and legal aspects, are the subject of a study by a number of scholars. Among them we can distinguish the following: O. M. Bandurka, D. O. Vovk, I. I. Dakhova,P. M. Rabinovich, I. V. Ryabko, G. L. Sergienko, Yu. I. Fisun, S. V. Shevchuk, L. V. Yarmol and others. Without diminishing the role and significance of these scholars' achievements, we believe that the issue under study remains very relevant in nowadays' conditions.The purpose of the article is to address the problematic sociological and philosophical and legal aspects of the relations between the church and the state.Paper main body. At the beginning of the article is emphasized that the state and religion are those institutions that have the same important influence on a person. But the relations between the church bears not a simple nature, therefore, the authors reveal the content of church-state relations. It should be mentioned that "the state-church relations" is a concept that was formed by combining two established concepts – the state and the church. And if the term "state" is agreed by the vast majority of scholars. Regarding the term "religion", there is a number of constitutional terms that serve to define the term "religious organization." These terms are proportional to the variety of names that they have acquired over a long process of development. In the bosom of Christian religion, for example, everywhere the name "Church" is adopted. Other religious communities use names such as "religious organization, association, society".Today, the definition of the concept of the state-church relations is dominant – is a cer- tain system of ties and relations, in which various issues related to the activity of the au- thorities and the church, regulation of the legal status of the church are solved. Subse- quently, the authors disclose the content of the basic principles and fundamental models of interaction between the state and society. The ideal model is called the model of "ideal neutrality" by the authors.In Ukraine, the cooperation of the state and the church is carried out on a constitu- tional basis and based on the norms of the current legislation, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations".The experience of Poland is interesting in the relations between the state and the church. Despite the communist past and forced atheism, Poland remains today a country with a strongly represented religious tradition, which, of course, affects the relations between the state and the church in the educational sphere. Teaching religion in schools is only with the consent of parents, and the process of teaching is controlled by the state itself, the church and public organizations.Conclusions of the research. Thus, after studying the problematic aspects of the rela- tions between the church and the state, we came to the conclusion that the state-church relations are one of the types of social relations characterized by the level of interconnec- tions of the church, associations, movements and other religious organizations with the state, the degree of their interrelation as well as universal human principles. In our opin- ion, the most perfect way of the relations between the church and the state is the model of liberal neutrality, which consists of the complete neutrality of the church, its elimination from the socio-political sphere of society and the complete separation of church and state. Although the example of Poland shows that, under modern conditions, the model of con- cordat is also relevant. Therefore, we can state that throughout the life this question will always be relevant, because the problems of relations between the state and the church are an eternal problems.

В статті досліджуються проблемні аспекти взаємовідносин держави і церкви, зокрема, аналізуються основні моделі взаємовідносин держави і церкви, досліджується досвід України та Польщі. ; В статье исследуются проблемные аспекты взаимоотношений государства и церкви, в частности, анализируются основные модели взаимоотношений государства и церкви, исследуется опыт Украины и Польши. ; Problem setting. The society is a kind of rather complex, dynamically differentiated and social systems characterized by integrity, stability and ability of self-development, as well as the existence of special social norms and values that ensure its functioning. At the same time, the high importance for the regulation of social relations is played by law and religion, because particular these elements determine the normal state of functioning of society as a whole and a person in it. According to this, the special attention is paid to the issue of the relations between the law and the religion.After the Revolution of Dignity, our state is undergoing the process of national revival, a return to the implementation of the idea of ruining national, legal and ideological system, taking into account the traditional and religious origins of law. Thus, nowadays there are intensified efforts to determine the connection of law with religious norms, laws of spiritual development of society. This necessitates the need for comprehensive research, the characteristics of the relations between the church and the state, because the religious norms, through which the regulation of certain spheres of public life is carried out, have not become the subject of research by scholars in many areas: lawyers, sociologists, phi- losophers, etc. This study was especially relevant as a result of the conflict between the Ukrainian Orthodox churches of the Kyiv and Moscow Patriarchate, which gained much publicity in January 2018. That is why the problems of relationships between the church and the state are gaining the high importance.Recent research and publications analysis. Under the modern conditions, the prob- lems of the relationship between the church and the state, in particular, its sociological, philosophical, moral and legal aspects, are the subject of a study by a number of scholars. Among them we can distinguish the following: O. M. Bandurka, D. O. Vovk, I. I. Dakhova,P. M. Rabinovich, I. V. Ryabko, G. L. Sergienko, Yu. I. Fisun, S. V. Shevchuk, L. V. Yarmol and others. Without diminishing the role and significance of these scholars' achievements, we believe that the issue under study remains very relevant in nowadays' conditions.The purpose of the article is to address the problematic sociological and philosophical and legal aspects of the relations between the church and the state.Paper main body. At the beginning of the article is emphasized that the state and religion are those institutions that have the same important influence on a person. But the relations between the church bears not a simple nature, therefore, the authors reveal the content of church-state relations. It should be mentioned that "the state-church relations" is a concept that was formed by combining two established concepts – the state and the church. And if the term "state" is agreed by the vast majority of scholars. Regarding the term "religion", there is a number of constitutional terms that serve to define the term "religious organization." These terms are proportional to the variety of names that they have acquired over a long process of development. In the bosom of Christian religion, for example, everywhere the name "Church" is adopted. Other religious communities use names such as "religious organization, association, society".Today, the definition of the concept of the state-church relations is dominant – is a cer- tain system of ties and relations, in which various issues related to the activity of the au- thorities and the church, regulation of the legal status of the church are solved. Subse- quently, the authors disclose the content of the basic principles and fundamental models of interaction between the state and society. The ideal model is called the model of "ideal neutrality" by the authors.In Ukraine, the cooperation of the state and the church is carried out on a constitu- tional basis and based on the norms of the current legislation, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations".The experience of Poland is interesting in the relations between the state and the church. Despite the communist past and forced atheism, Poland remains today a country with a strongly represented religious tradition, which, of course, affects the relations between the state and the church in the educational sphere. Teaching religion in schools is only with the consent of parents, and the process of teaching is controlled by the state itself, the church and public organizations.Conclusions of the research. Thus, after studying the problematic aspects of the rela- tions between the church and the state, we came to the conclusion that the state-church relations are one of the types of social relations characterized by the level of interconnec- tions of the church, associations, movements and other religious organizations with the state, the degree of their interrelation as well as universal human principles. In our opin- ion, the most perfect way of the relations between the church and the state is the model of liberal neutrality, which consists of the complete neutrality of the church, its elimination from the socio-political sphere of society and the complete separation of church and state. Although the example of Poland shows that, under modern conditions, the model of con- cordat is also relevant. Therefore, we can state that throughout the life this question will always be relevant, because the problems of relations between the state and the church are an eternal problems.