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第三次民主化浪潮及其所代表的世界性民主化转型使得许多人相信民主不仅具有其本身的价值,而且有助于提高大众的福利水平。不少学者曾研究过民主制度与社会福利产出之间的关系。然而,在解释两者关系时并未得到一致性的结论。在很多情况下,民主制国家在改善人类发展指标和提高福利水平方面并没得到社会所期待的结果,而且经常被非民主制国家所超越。政治制度如何影响社会福利表现?民主化和社会福利发展之间是否存在取舍矛盾?如果这种取舍矛盾存在,如何将民主化的社会代价减到最小? ; 本研究试图加深我们对政治制度性质与社会福利产出水平之间关系的理解。为此,本文以维度路径分析政治制度的不同维度如何影响政府采取不同类型的政策选择。本文的核心问题是:民主制的哪些方面有利于/不利于哪种公共政策的实现?民主的不同维度能够促进/抑制哪些政策?竞争性选举和公众参与形成本研究的两个自变量维度。本研究应变量的两个维度是两种政府回应性:政府对公民基本需求(basic needs)的回应,即代表了社会福利表现的改进,以及政府对公民要求(wants and demands)的回应,即代表了满足群体所呼吁的而非客观上对其有利的政策福利。两者在概念上有所不同。本文首先在理论上分析自变量和应变量不同维度之间的关系,继而引用实证科学的定量和定性基本方法来检验所建立的理论关系。 ; 本研究证明,并非所有的导致回应要求(wants)的民主属性也有助于使政府回应基本需求(basic needs)。公众要求和公众客观需求作为公共政策所回应的目标具有不同的特征。从委托-代理理论框架来看,回应公众基本需求的政策需要政府采取不同于在回应主观要求时所采取的措施。由于这些不同点,在两个民主维度(政治竞争和公众参与)当中,只有后者对基本需求有积极影响,而前者往往会阻碍以回应基本需求为目的的政策。在政治竞争压力之下,追求选票最大化的政治家更倾向于采取回应社会现有要求的短期措施,且往往以忽视客观需求为代价。因此,为了避免民主化的高成本,需要促进民主的参与维度,且同时要缓解其竞争维度的激烈性。 ; The shift towards democracy globally under the "third wave" of democratization has stirred the conviction that democracy is not only a good thing in itself but also a promoter of general welfare. A considerable amount of research has been conducted to explore the effects of democracy on social outcomes. However, unequivocal conclusions regarding democracy's impact on health, education, life expectancy and other aspects of human well-being have not been achieved. Many democracies do not perform as good as they are expected to and are often outperformed by non-democratic regimes. Questions appear: How does political regime affect social performance? Is there a trade-off between democratization, on the one hand, and social development, on the other? If there is, how should democratization be carried out so as not to inhibit human well-being? ; This dissertation attempts to enhance our understanding of the impact of political regime on social outcomes by applying a dimensional approach. Instead of asking whether democracy is good or bad, it asks: which dimensions of political regime are good for which kinds of outcomes? What kinds of policies are promoted and what ...

Cheng Ying-shuet. ; Thesis submitted in: November 2003. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves [199]-[201]). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.1 ; Acknowledgement --- p.ii ; Note for Transliteration --- p.ii ; Chapter Chapter 1 - --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Background of the Research --- p.1 ; Review of Literature --- p.11 ; Purposes of the Research --- p.18 ; The Field Sites --- p.23 ; Methodology --- p.26 ; Figures 1.1-110 --- p.34 ; Chapter Chapter 2 - --- The Lease of the New Territories --- p.42 ; The Establishment of the Heung Yee Kuk --- p.44 ; Map 21 --- p.50 ; Figures 21 --- p.51 ; Chapter Chapter 3 - --- Backgrounds of Po Toi 0 and Ping Shan --- p.52 ; Po Toi O Village in Sai Kung --- p.53 ; Chapter (A) --- Social Setting --- p.53 ; Chapter (B) --- Political Setting --- p.58 ; Ping Shan in Yuen Long --- p.64 ; Chapter (A) --- Social Setting --- p.65 ; Chapter (B) --- Political Setting --- p.67 ; Figures 3.1 -36 --- p.81 ; Map 31 --- p.86 ; Chapter Chapter 4 - --- The Composition of Villages and Its Members --- p.87 ; The Situation in Po Toi O Village in Sai Kung --- p.89 ; Chapter (A) --- Marriage Between Indigenous and Non-indigenous Villagers --- p.92 ; Chapter (B) --- Economic Benefits Tying Up Villagers --- p.98 ; Chapter (C) --- Cultural Activities Banging Villagers Together --- p.106 ; The Situation of Ping Shan in Yuen Long --- p.114 ; Chapter (A) --- "Indigenous Identity Separating ""Insiders"" and ""Outsiders""" --- p.115 ; Chapter (B) --- Solidarity in Ancestor Worship --- p.122 ; Po Toi O and Ping Shan As Communities without Visible Boundary --- p.127 ; Chapter Chapter 5 - --- "The Interpretations of ""Traditional Rights´ح" --- p.131 ; Rural Affairs in the New Territories --- p.132 ; Chapter (A) --- Rural Committees and Village Representative System --- p.134 ; The Contradicting Roles of Village Representatives --- p.143 ; Chapter (A) --- The Conflicts in Po Toi O Village of Sai Kung --- p.144 ; Chapter (B) ...

Ho Wai-yee. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-53). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract (English) --- p.i ; Abstract (Chinese) --- p.ii ; Acknowledgement --- p.iii ; Table of contents --- p.iv ; Chapter Chapter1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Literature Review --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.8 ; Chapter Chapter2 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Model --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Effects of government expenditure --- p.11 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Summary ; Chapter Chapter3 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.16 ; Chapter 3.2 --- The Model --- p.16 ; Chapter 3.3 --- The capital mobile case --- p.21 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.25 ; Chapter Chapter4 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.27 ; Chapter 4.2 --- The Model --- p.27 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Dynamics --- p.33 ; Chapter 4.4 --- Current Account Balance --- p.35 ; Chapter 4.5 --- Comparative Statics --- p.36 ; Chapter 4.6 --- Welfare --- p.38 ; Chapter 4.7 --- Summary --- p.41 ; Chapter Chapter5 ; Conclusion --- p.43 ; Appendix --- p.46 ; Reference --- p.52

IFPRI3; GRP3; Theme 9; Public Policy and Investment ; EPTD; DSGD ; PR

IFPRI3; CRP2; F Strengthening institutions and governance ; DSGD; PIM ; PR ; CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Peng, Handa. ; "August 2011." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.1 ; 摘要 --- p.2 ; Acknowledgements --- p.3 ; Introduction --- p.6 ; Chapter Section I --- Literature Review --- p.11 ; Theories on Sovereign Default --- p.11 ; Historical Case Studies on Sovereign Default --- p.15 ; Brief Summary on the Existing Theories and Empirical Cases --- p.16 ; Chapter Section II --- Historical Backgrounds --- p.21 ; Political Instability and Military Expenditures --- p.21 ; Fiscal Status during the rule of the Nanking Government --- p.22 ; Silver Standard and Currency Reform in 1935 --- p.26 ; Chapter Section III --- Sovereign Default and Restructuring Episodes of the Nanking Government --- p.29 ; Data --- p.29 ; Sovereign Debt as a Heritage --- p.30 ; Background Information of the Debts --- p.34 ; The Restructuring Episode --- p.37 ; Market Reactions --- p.42 ; Chapter Section IV --- Capital Market Access and Reputational Theories in the Restructuring Episode --- p.45 ; Access to the International Capital Market --- p.45 ; Relevance of the Traditional Reputational Model --- p.48 ; Signaling Model and Role of Reputation --- p.51 ; Chapter Section V --- Role of Sanctions in the Restructuring Episode --- p.57 ; Analytical Framework of the Sanctions Model --- p.57 ; Three Possible Channels of Direct Sanctions --- p.60 ; Chapter Section VI --- Informational Explanation of the Restructuring Episode --- p.64 ; A Practical Analytical Framework for the Informational Model --- p.64 ; Issue of Credibility and Currency Reform --- p.66 ; The Need for the Settlement of Old Debts --- p.68 ; Outcomes --- p.73 ; Summary --- p.77 ; Conclusion --- p.79 ; References --- p.81 ; Chapter Appendix I --- Basic information on Chinese sovereign bonds traded in the London Stock Exchange --- p.84 ; Chapter Appendix II --- Price of Chinese Sovereign Bonds traded in the London Stock Exchange --- p.86 ; Chapter Appendix III --- ...

Luk, Ching Yuen. ; Thesis submitted in: November 2007. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-281). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgements --- p.viii ; Table of Contents --- p.xi ; Abbreviations --- p.xvii ; Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Background Information about E-government --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Current E-govemnient Literature and Research Gaps --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Research Questions of This Study --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.5 --- The Layout of This Study --- p.5 ; Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review on E- Government --- p.6 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.6 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Background on E-government --- p.7 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Definitions of E-government and E-government Stage Models --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Literature Review --- p.11 ; Chapter 2.4.1 --- The Studies of E-government Websites --- p.11 ; Chapter 2.4.2 --- The Studies of E-government Services --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- The Importance of Studying E-government Services --- p.22 ; Chapter 2.4.3 --- The Studies of E-government in Asia --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.4.3.1 --- The Importance of Studying E-government in Asia --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.4.3.1.1 --- The First Reason: Local Variations Between Western and Asian Countries --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.4.3.1.2 --- The Second Reason: Outstanding E-government Performance of the Four "Little Dragons´ح in Asia --- p.33 ; Chapter 2.4.3.2 --- The Importance of Studying Hong Kong E-government --- p.34 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Conclusion --- p.40 ; Chapter Chapter 3: --- The Development of Hong Kong E-Government --- p.41 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.41 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Background on the Rise of E-government Worldwide --- p.42 ; Chapter 3.3 --- The Government Information Technology Initiatives in the Colonial Era --- p.42 ; Chapter 3.4 --- The Development of E-Government in the HKSAR --- p.46 ; Chapter 3.4.1 --- Three "Digital 21´ح ...