Suchergebnisse

The inner city of small towns are getting less and less dynamic since thirty years. Several reasons explain this phenomenon : proximity shops are closing, houses go vacant and decrepit, youngsters migrate towarsd great cities. This finding is all the more problematic that the concerned cities are characteristics for the whole territory surrounding. How to reverse this trend and revitalize the inner cities? An experimental measure on 6 years has been started by the government in order to help 54 townships of less than 10000 inhabitants ; as well in financial as in planning matters. The goal is to create an offer in housing, shoping, equipments and services adapted to fit the needs of the inhabitants. Townships have to find the necessary funds and public or private partners to make these projects a reality. For this type of development, the Chartered Surveyor who is very close to local politicians, has his place, by his duty an advisor and the new PRESAGE tool approved by the UNGE. ; Les centres bourgs des petites communes sont de moins en moins dynamiques depuis une trentaine d'années. Plusieurs raisons expliquent ce phénomène ; les commerces de proximité ferment, les logements sont vacants et vétustes, les jeunes migrent vers les grandes villes. Ce constat est d'autant plus problématique que les villes concernées constituent des lieux et espaces ruraux qui les caractérisent. Comment inverser cette tendance et redynamiser les centres bourgs ? Un dispositif expérimental sur six années a été lancé par le Gouvernement de manière à aider 54 communes de moins de 10.000 habitants ; aussi bien en matière financière et en aménagement. L'objectif est de créer une offre de logements, de commerces, d'équipements et de services adaptés aux besoins des habitants. Les communes doivent trouver les fonds nécessaires ainsi que des partenaires publics et privés pour la réalisation de ces projets. Pour ce type d'aménagement, le Géomètre Expert qui est très proche des élus, a sa place,par son devoir de conseil et le nouvel outil PRESAGE approuvé par l'UNGE.

This article argues that, despite the negative historical experience, nothing in the nature of constitutionalism as a concept stands in the way of the European Union (EU) eventually adopting a constitution, and so turning its tacit and silent constitutionalism into an explicit project. Furthermore, the past crises of European integration, which have been left in suspense rather than resolved, make the case for explicit constitutionalisation of the EU even stronger today. However, for this case to succeed, the EU should not repeat the old constitutional mistakes, in particular by eschewing its constitutive reliance on the statist, and hence monist, American constitutional experience. While it is thus by no means certain that constitutionalism is a normatively and empirically viable alternative for shaping the future of the EU, and while this cannot be known until it is tried, the article concludes that there are good reasons for which a refined, pluralist constitutional imaginary could succeed in reconstituting the EU with all of its legal, democratic, political and federalist conceptual novelties.

The revitalisation of the Sámi languages and support for language domains are central educational measures in the post-assimilation situation in Northern Europe. Taking critical indigenous education as the starting point, this metatheoretical article discusses language revitalisation through mediating structures. Mediating structures provide the tools necessary to use language revitalisation as a means to counter the legacy of assimilation that has seriously affected the Sámi languages and caused language change. The article brings together recent research on the revitalisation of the Sámi languages. These studies are oriented towards the present situation of the Sámi languages and efforts to revive the languages. Relying on previous studies as well as new research, the article presents a communal model of language
recovery, which facilitates an increase in the number of language speakers and also supports language domains. Such a mediating language revitalisation model builds social harmony in a postcolonial situation. The article emphasises
the key tasks involved in the recovery of endangered languages. (author's abstract)

Knitting is a form of craft that is practised in many cultures with local features. Colour combinations, specific qualities of yarn, and decorative patterns give local character to mittens, cardigans, and other knits. In many regions, patterns have a communicative function: they carry cultural symbols and representations of cultural identities. In this visual essay, I describe artistic productions that have included participatory methods and the use of patterns as visual communication. The study follows the approach of art-based action research in which Northern cultural revitalisation is promoted. The artworks can be viewed as craftivism as the practice of engaging creativity regarding political or social causes.

This article looks at the historicisation of the native speaker and ideologies of authenticity and anonymity in Europe's language revitalisation movements. It focuses specifically on the case of Irish in the Republic of Ireland and examines how the native speaker ideology and the opposing ideological constructs of authenticity and anonymity filter down to the belief systems and are discursively produced by social actors on the ground. For this I draw on data from ongoing fieldwork in the Republic of Ireland, drawing on interviews with a group of Irish language enthusiasts located outside the officially designated Irish-speaking Gaeltacht.