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In: Res Publica, Band 24, Heft 3-4, S. 559-576
In: Res Publica, Band 24, Heft 3-4, S. 559-576
During the amalgamation period, important changes occurred in landuse planning primarily under the impetus of regional formation. The position of the municipalities has not been strengthened. In the historical monument policy, the gap between the national and the municipal level is particularly large. This is also the case for housing policy, but the gap is generally not felt to be encumbering by the municipal authorities. After the amalgamation and the «politisation» of the municipal council parties, most of the municipal administrators have, in a very pragmatic way, received a direct line to the national land-use planning via party clientism. This appears to be much more efficient than the formal procedures of the urban construction law, the historica monument law, and other provisions. However, this does have the consequence that the people of the amalgamated municipalities feel little involvement in the land-usepolicy. Some municipalities have tried to break through on this by the launching of a structure plan.The political orientations of the designers and other land-use planning experts and the sometimes anti-political attitude of large groups of the population are not alien to the aforementioned pragmatism. All this, however, complicates the impact on land-use organisation by the local communities, which are still administratively powerful after the amalgamation.
In: Voorstudie
Political Science; European Union - De serie 'Voorstudies en achtergronden' omvat werkstukken die in het kader van de werkzaamheden van de WRR tot stand zijn gekomen en naar zijn oordeel van zodanige kwaliteit en betekenis zijn, dat publicatie gewenst is. De verantwoordelijkheid voor de inhoud en de ingenomen standpunten berust bij de auteurs.
In: Ridder , J D 1990 , ' Toezicht in de ruimtelijke ordening. Een empirische studie naar de intergouvermentele betrekkingen tussen provincie en gemeente in het kader van het planologisch toezicht. ' , Doctor of Philosophy .
Intergovernmental supervision is an administrative process in which the central or regional government monitors the local policy process and intervenes to correct local decisions in appropriate circumstances, on the strength of a statutory authority to do so. The legal entitlement may take various forms, e.g. required approval of local policy decisions or the authority to issue binding directions. Although the kind of supervision one finds in Dutch intergovernmental relations is historically rooted in the French system of "tutelage", it never has come to be as ubiquitous an instrument of centralized power as in France. Almost all presentday provisions for supervision are related to specific types of local decisions, while the exercise of supervisory authority is subject to various legal constraints.
BASE
In: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/306534
The research focuses on the relation between municipalities, provinces and the Crown in Dutch spatial planning law. Specifically, it concerns the power of the provinces and the Crown to issue general 'instructional rules' (instructieregels) concerning the content of municipal zoning plans and other planning decisions. This power, which can be found in Articles 4.1 and 4.3 of the Dutch Spatial Planning Act, is a new instrument in Dutch spatial planning and is of paramount importance for the possibility of municipalities to make autonomous decisions concerning the regulation of land-use. The research addresses the legal questions surrounding the use of this new instrument. Not only are the answers to these questions important to the actual practice of the use of the instrument, but also for the legislative bill proposing the new Environmental Law Act (Omgevingswet), currently pending in the House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer), in which instructional rules play an important part. Instructional rules serve to set a framework aimed at policy impact. When setting spatial planning standards, lower-level administrative bodies only have discretionary powers (beslissingsvrijheid) within the provincial and national limits determined for the substance of the decision-making process, inter alia by instructional rules. This framework is set in order to ensure that the spatial-planning decisions taken at lower government levels comply with the policy as pursued by the regulatory government with respect to this setting of standards. Instructional rules have two legal effects. The first and main legal effect is that they must be taken into account by lower-level government authorities in their decision-making processes regarding spatial planning. The second legal effect is that instructional rules, based on the second paragraph of Article 4.1 and of Article 4.3 of SPA, respectively, may create the obligation for the municipal council to adopt a new land-use plan within a specified period. The SPA stipulates that an ...
BASE
In: Common Market Law Review, Band 36, Heft 6, S. 1309-1323
ISSN: 0165-0750
In: Studies in environmental science, 35
These proceedings describe the current state-of-the-art of ozone research. A wide range of topics is discussed including: emissions, transport and transformation of precursors of ozone and of ozone itself, the distribution of ozone, the deposition of ozone at the earth's surface, and its effects on man and the environment. Attention is also given to the role of stratospheric ozone and the role of the ultraviolet radiation which is transmitted through the ozone layer. Finally it describes in detail present and future policy measures to reduce the ozone in the lower atmosphere and to protect the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Many of the papers describe recent developments and new research results. Research carried out in both in Europe and in the United States is described, as are the policy measures which are being taken by both European and U.S. governments.
In: WRR rapport
International Economics; Germany; Economy; Public Administration - Nederland is zeer gevoelig voor ontwikkelingen in de Bondsrepubliek en voor het aldaar gevoerde beleid op het terrein van economie, veiligheid, ecologie en ruimtelijke ordening. De beleidsruimte van de Nederlandse regering op die terreinen is betrekkelijk gering.
In: Studies in environmental science 35
These proceedings describe the current state-of-the-art of ozone research. A wide range of topics is discussed including: emissions, transport and transformation of precursors of ozone and of ozone itself, the distribution of ozone, the deposition of ozone at the earth's surface, and its effects on man and the environment. Attention is also given to the role of stratospheric ozone and the role of the ultraviolet radiation which is transmitted through the ozone layer. Finally it describes in detail present and future policy measures to reduce the ozone in the lower atmosphere and to protect the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Many of the papers describe recent developments and new research results. Research carried out in both in Europe and in the United States is described, as are the policy measures which are being taken by both European and U.S. governments
In: VOR afscheidsrede
De procedures voor veel ruimtelijke projecten, zoals de aanleg van wegen, windmolenparken en woonwijken, vergen veel tijd. Sommigen menen dat die procedures ook te complex en te juridisch zijn. De bestuursrechter krijgt daarbij het verwijt overheidsbesluiten over ruimtelijke projecten te formeel te benaderen en te weinig tot inhoudelijke en finale geschilbeslechting te komen. Daarom is er kritiek op het omgevingsrecht, het milieu en de natuurbescherming. In zijn afscheidscollege constateert Niels Koeman dat binnen het omgevingsrecht sprake is van een spanning. In de ruimtelijke ordening zijn d
In: WRR rapport
Economy - Er moet een algemene beleidsnota komen die aangeeft welke ontwikkeling van de economische structuur van ons land de regering wenselijk acht. Meer dan één ministerie dient bij de formulering van het beleid te worden betrokken, naast Economische Zaken met name Volkshuisvesting en Ruimtelijke Ordening, Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Buitenlandse Zaken, Ontwikkelingssamenwerking, Onderwijs en Wetenschappen, Sociale Zaken, Cultuur, Recreatie en Maatschappelijk Werk. Overwogen kan worden om gebruik te maken van de bestaande Centrale Economische Commissie (CEC).