Suchergebnisse

Intergovernmental supervision is an administrative process in which the central or regional government monitors the local policy process and intervenes to correct local decisions in appropriate circumstances, on the strength of a statutory authority to do so. The legal entitlement may take various forms, e.g. required approval of local policy decisions or the authority to issue binding directions. Although the kind of supervision one finds in Dutch intergovernmental relations is historically rooted in the French system of "tutelage", it never has come to be as ubiquitous an instrument of centralized power as in France. Almost all presentday provisions for supervision are related to specific types of local decisions, while the exercise of supervisory authority is subject to various legal constraints.

These proceedings describe the current state-of-the-art of ozone research. A wide range of topics is discussed including: emissions, transport and transformation of precursors of ozone and of ozone itself, the distribution of ozone, the deposition of ozone at the earth's surface, and its effects on man and the environment. Attention is also given to the role of stratospheric ozone and the role of the ultraviolet radiation which is transmitted through the ozone layer. Finally it describes in detail present and future policy measures to reduce the ozone in the lower atmosphere and to protect the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Many of the papers describe recent developments and new research results. Research carried out in both in Europe and in the United States is described, as are the policy measures which are being taken by both European and U.S. governments.

These proceedings describe the current state-of-the-art of ozone research. A wide range of topics is discussed including: emissions, transport and transformation of precursors of ozone and of ozone itself, the distribution of ozone, the deposition of ozone at the earth's surface, and its effects on man and the environment. Attention is also given to the role of stratospheric ozone and the role of the ultraviolet radiation which is transmitted through the ozone layer. Finally it describes in detail present and future policy measures to reduce the ozone in the lower atmosphere and to protect the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Many of the papers describe recent developments and new research results. Research carried out in both in Europe and in the United States is described, as are the policy measures which are being taken by both European and U.S. governments

First published in 1990.