Kraftsamling är ett gränsöverskridande arbetssätt för att tackla samhällsutmaningar i ett geografisk avgränsat område. Arbetssättet går ut på att åstadkomma tillfällig resursförstärkning och en kollaborativ planerings- och problemtacklingsprocess som organiseras på ett gränsöverskridande sätt tillsammans med myndigheter, offentliga organisationer, boende, civilsamhället, akademin och företag. Det handlar om att tackla konkreta problem i det korta perspektivet och bygga kapacitet för insatser som verkar långsiktigt på ett förebyggande och främjande sätt. Arbetet sker stegvis och genom ständig lärande. Metodboken innehåller praktiska tips, beskrivning av konkreta lärdomar och en fördjupningsdel med tydligare koppling till rådande forskning. Metodboken lyfter också fram de utmaningar som kan uppstå när arbetet sker på ett gränsöverskridande sätt och när det uppstår konflikterande intressen och perspektiv som måste hanteras. Metodboken skall inte ses som en "kokbok" som skall följas till "punkt och pricka" för lyckat resultat, utan snarare tjäna som en inspiration till samhällsplanerare, politiker och experter som behöver experimentera med sina lokala förutsättningar för att kunna åstadkomma en fungerande samhällsplanering.
Den här rapporten bygger på en fokusgruppstudie av hur MalmöExpressen och Malmöpendeln har påverkat resvanorna hos invånare i Rosengård. Utgångspunkten är att båda dessa kollektivtrafikinvesteringar har haft ett uttalat socialt mål att öka tillgängligheten för Rosengårdsbor. Det är därför av stort intresse att studera hur dessa investeringar påverkat tillgängligheten för invånarna i området. En teoretisk utgångspunkt för studien är forskningsområdet "transporträttvisa", vilket intresserar sig för hur transportlösningar påverkar olika samhällsgrupper. Studien använder sig av förmågemodellen (the capability approach) som teoretiskt ramverk för att analysera hur MalmöExpressen och Malmöpendeln påverkar möjligheterna att vara mobil och hur de påverkar vardagslivet för invånarna i Rosengård. Studiens syfte är att kartlägga olika uppfattningar bland invånare i Rosengård om hur MalmöExpressen och Malmöpendeln har påverkat deras resvanor och vardagsliv. Studien visar att deltagarna fokusgrupperna i allmänhet hade en positiv inställning till MalmöExpressen. Flera fokusgrupper framhöll att de reser oftare med buss nu än när "den gamla linje 5" trafikerade sträckan. De framhöll att MalmöExpressen är snabb och smidig att använda sig av. I jämförelse med andra busslinjer, framför allt buss 33 och 35 som också passerar genom Rosengård, finns det många fler säten och mer plats för barnvagnar. Speciellt de äldre fokusgruppsdeltagarna uppskattar att det finns många dörrar på bussarna, eftersom det gör det enklare att hitta en ledig plats. MalmöExpressen är också mycket mindre försenad än andra busslinjer. Något som upplevs som negativt är dock att förarna ofta kör mycket fort och ibland tvärbromsar, vilket gör det farligt för passagerarna, särskilt barn och äldre. Vissa av fokusgruppsdeltagarna föredrar att köra bil, eftersom bussen upplevs som otrygg. Många av fokusgruppsdeltagarna var också positiva till Malmöpendeln och Rosengårds station, bland annat för att den har potential att göra Rosengård mer attraktivt. Dock hade de flesta av deltagarna rest med Malmöpendeln endast ett fåtal gånger eller inte alls. Några nämnde att de ofta reser med Malmöpendeln på helgerna, exempelvis till Hylliebadet eller till köpcentret Emporia som ligger vid Hyllie. Det framhölls som en fördel att det går mycket snabbare att ta sig till Hyllie med Malmöpendeln än med buss. Utifrån förmågemodellen kan man dra slutsatsen att framför allt MalmöExpressen men också till viss del Malmöpendeln har haft en positiv inverkan på förmågorna och funktionerna hos flera av deltagarna i fokusgrupperna. En funktion defineras i detta sammanhang som vad en person är eller gör, exempelvis att vara föräldrar eller att engagera sig politiskt, medan en förmåga defineras som en möjlighet att välja en viss funktion. En distinktion görs mellan grundläggande och sekundära förmågor där de förra är mer allmänna, exempelvis förmågan att bevara hälsan, medan de sekundära förmågorna är nödvändiga för att förverkliga de grundläggande förmågorna. Den sekundära förmågan att resa till läkare eller till ett apotek är exempelvis nödvändig för att förverkliga förmågan till hälsa. MalmöExpressen har för många av deltagarna haft en positiv påverkan på deras sekundära förmågor att resa till ett arbete, till en utbildning, till läkare, tandläkare eller apotek, till butiker, till fritidsaktiviteter och till vänner och släktingar. Dessa är i sin tur nödvändiga för att förverkliga förmågorna att arbeta, att utbilda sig, att bevara hälsan, att ha en berikande fritid och förmågan till anknytning. MalmöExpressen verkar också ha haft en positiv påverkan på förmågan till självrespekt för deltagarna i fokusgrupperna, eftersom den signalerar att Malmö stad investerar i att förbättra levnadsvillkoren för invånarna i Rosengård. Malmöpendeln verkar framför allt ha en positiv påverkan på förmågan till självrespekt och förmågan att ha en berikande fritid. Baserat på denna studie kan vi inte dra några säkra slutsatser om hur vanligt förekommande de positiva upplevelserna av MalmöExpressen och Malmöpendeln är. Med tanke på att fokusgruppsdeltagarna representerar olika åldersgrupper, olika etniciteter och båda könen, är det dock sannolikt att deras positiva upplevelser delas av många andra invånare i Rosengård.
The Nordic Council was formed in 1952 to coordinate cooperation between the parliaments and governments of Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Finland joined in 1955. When the Nordic Council of Ministers was formed in 1971, the Nordic Council was transformed into a purely interparliamentary body. The Council consists of 87 MPs elected by the national parliaments. The delegations from the Faroe Islands and Greenland form part of the Danish delegation. The delegation from Åland forms part of the Finnish delegation. The Council launches initiatives of its own, acts in an advisory capacity, acts in a supervisory capacity and plays a proactive role in official Nordic co-operation. The Nordic Council bodies consist of the Plenary, Presidium and committees.
This report explores how the platform economy is evolving in the Nordic countries and how its evolution is influenced by the Nordic labour market models and vice-versa. Here, we include all the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden), except Iceland, where platform work is still very marginal. While remaining a marginal phenomenon in the Nordic countries, platform work can be seen as one important case in which many key aspects of the changing world of work coalesce. This report on platform work in the Nordic countries thus connects some of the themes explored in the other pillars of the NFoW project, such as digitalization, new forms of employment and the legal and regulatory challenges currently faced by the social partners, governments and Nordic labour market models.
This Executive Summary examines how Nordic governments and municipalities seek to overcome barriers to social inclusion and to counteract inequality and segregation through policy and urban planning.
This cookbook of strategies for change is about the role that a strong public innovation system plays along the pathways towards sustainable food systems. We demonstrate this through a mission approach for deliberate food system transformation that can support people, planet and society. This strategy cookbook will provide the ingredients – templates for developing interventions, guides for how to get started and examples of cross-cutting projects – that you can use to create your own recipes for change. We offer a new, emergent way to work with complex and dynamic systems. The cookbook is intended primarily for national and regional innovation agencies, as the government has both a mandate and more authority than any other entity to lead the change needed to achieve sustainable food systems. However, because innovation ecosystems include a variety of different actors, this strategy cookbook also provides valuable insights into the roles that entrepreneurs and civil society and research organisations can play to cultivate change from the bottom-up.
Is Sweden a failed state in the making or a paradise on earth? Neither. Sweden is a functioning democracy but it faces serious challenges. This article attempts to make sense of them. It considers issues of law and order and the emergence of parallel structures of power. It shows that Sweden, following an unprecedented wave of immigration, is experiencing an ongoing struggle to define the nation.
The high prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in countries with high levels of gender equality has been defined as the "Nordic paradox". In this study we compared physical and sexual IPVAW prevalence data in two countries exemplifying the Nordic paradox: Sweden (N = 1483) and Spain (N = 1447). Data was drawn from the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights Survey on violence against women. To ascertain whether differences between these two countries reflect true differences in IPVAW prevalence, and to rule out the possibility of measurement bias, we conducted a set of analyses to ensure measurement equivalence, a precondition for appropriate and valid cross-cultural comparisons. Results showed that in both countries items were measuring two separate constructs, physical and sexual IPVAW, and that these factors had high internal consistency and adequate validity. Measurement equivalence analyses (i.e., differential item functioning, and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis) supported the comparability of data across countries. Latent means comparisons between the Spanish and the Swedish samples showed that scores on both the physical and sexual IPVAW factors were significantly higher in Sweden than in Spain. The effect sizes of these differences were large: 89.1% of the Swedish sample had higher values in the physical IPVAW factor than the Spanish average, and this percentage was 99.4% for the sexual IPVAW factor as compared to the Spanish average. In terms of probability of superiority, there was an 80.7% and 96.1% probability that a Swedish woman would score higher than a Spanish woman in the physical and the sexual IPVAW factors, respectively. Our results showed that the higher prevalence of physical and sexual IPVAW in Sweden than in Spain reflects actual differences and are not the result of measurement bias, supporting the idea of the Nordic paradox.
Propaganda is a mechanism of the information domain that attempts to shape and influence the cognitive domain concerning events and processes that are located in the physical domain. It is a very deliberate tool that is intended to mobilise public sentiment through creating an environment that is dominated by an emotional form of logic, often in a very binary 'reality' involving a series of radical opposites. The use of rhetoric is an essential element in the application of propaganda within the setting of information warfare, which forms of the basis of the appeals and emotional conditioning. This application has been witnessed in the Syrian conflict from the very beginning, where the propaganda of aversion (Assad – "bad") is contrasted against the propaganda of attraction ('rebels' – "good"). Ultimately this concerns the various audiences' perceptions and opinions of the Syrian war and especially the intangible aspects of political legitimacy/illegitimacy. Seeming 'small' or 'trivial' details are in fact key to influencing and persuading an audience to think and act in a pre-determined manner. This chapter will show the importance and relevance of the details that go into scripting the propagandistic narrative as a means of shaping the cognitive domain through distorted and manipulated material in the information domain, which in turn is used as a means to form public consent on a policy issue. Four newspapers have their content analysed in the first four days in the wake of an alleged chemical attack in Douma, Syria. This content was consistent in nature and followed a propaganda role where media acted as an instrument of war.
In Sweden, the reception and education of migrant children is seen as a challenge for the school system, and the opinions concerning how to educate and socialize young migrant children differ. The educational system in Sweden, and elsewhere, has historically been given a double function. On the one hand, it is viewed as a mediator of dominant culture, language, and imagined nationality, and on the other hand, in an increasingly globalized world, it is seen as a promoter of values like multiculturalism and tolerance (Hjerm 2001; Lappalainen 2006; Tobin 2013; Mavroudi and Holt 2015; Allemann-Ghionda 2015). As Mavroudi and Holt (2015) point out, schools and preschools are often at the forefront in teaching children to be more accepting and tolerant of differences, as part of a democratic mission. However, at the same time they also remain key sites where national belonging and identity are taught. Both these aspects are at play in the Swedish preschool curriculum and practice. On the one hand, ideals of child-centeredness related to aspects such as tolerance, equality, egalitarianism, democracy and cooperative social relationships are emphasized (Einarsdottir et al. 2014). On the other hand, monolinguistic as well as a monocultural norms prevail in settings aimed for education of the future citizens, and previous research has shown that these norms concern specially immigrant children (Johansson and Pramling Samuelsson 2006; Johansson 2012; Lunneblad 2013). The paper explores how the tension between these different ideas is embedded in the preschool curriculum and how the ideas are interpreted and operationalized. This is made through the lense of everyday nationhood, and therefore specifically at how issues concerning language and culture are expressed in relation to the pedagogy formed around the migrant child. We consider preschool policy documents, educators' talk as they try to reinterpret the ideas, and everyday routines formed around migrant children. Questions asked are: What are the explicit and implicit purposes of the preschool education for migrant children? Who is the migrant child to be educated and to what ends?
The Nordic region is attractive. For a long time, the Nordic region has been attracting international recognition, thanks to unique achievements in cuisine, design, films, music and literature. We find success stories like these in all the Nordic countries, and many of them have a common Nordic format – a Nordic trademark. However, the Nordic region first started to distinguish itself on the international stage in the aftermath of the financial crisis. It showed that the Nordic welfare and political model was once again capable of renewing itself. Countries around the world then began to discuss whether our model could serve as a possible buffering and stabilizing factor in an increasingly uncertain global economy. We in the Nordic region are also facing a number of serious challenges. We are far from perfect, but it is perhaps this imperfection that makes us fascinating.
Tourism is an important, growing industry in all the Nordic countries, but until recently, it has not had a particularly strong focus within the Nordic cooperation framework. This is changing rapidly, and the Nordic Council of Ministers has given a strong signal that increased emphasis should be placed on tourism issues within the Nordic framework. This project is a result of that important political prioritisation. The key objective of this project is to create a framework on which a Nordic Tourism Strategy can be established. Thus, the desired outcome of the project is to define future strategies and projects that will underscore common opportunities and challenges within Nordic tourism. The objective of a Nordic Tourism Policy Analysis is to provide valuable input to each country's work within tourism as well as laying a foundation for a common Nordic Tourism Policy.
Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden face similar problems of integrating large groups of immigrants, especially low-educated ones from outside the EU, into their labour markets. In this volume, researchers from across the Nordic Region analyse how labour market integration of immigrants can be promoted. Education policy, active labour market policy, social benefit policy and wage policy are analysed. A key conclusion is that no single policy is likely to suffice. Instead, various policies have to be combined. The exact policy mix must depend on evaluations of the trade-offs with other policy objectives.
Nabo is a project launched under the Swedish presidency in the Nordic Council of Ministers 2018. The project is run by the Swedish Agency for Youth and Civil Society over the period 2018-2020 and seeks to make the youth perspective visible through the words of Nordic youth. Young people's voices will be heard in questions regarding their lives. And based on that knowledge they will be given the opportunity to participate and influence political decisions. Young people are asked to describe their everyday lives and how they perceive their opportunities and obstacles. From their stories Nabo builds a framework of success factors for social inclusion in the Nordic region. This study is based on six focus group interviews with youth in different places in Iceland. In this report you find the result from the Icelandic study. Similar studies are carried out in the other Nordic countries and in the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland.
The co-operation programme for the Nordic Council of Ministers for Education and Research (MR-U) sets the direction for co-operation at ministerial level on education, research and languages from November 2019 until November 2023. The purpose is to enhance co-operation based on the political agendas of the Nordic countries, including the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. With regard to education and research, the vision is of a region that continues to be a world leader in knowledge and welfare. The Nordic Council of Ministers for Education and Research focuses on three strategic areas – education, research and language – and on further developing existing initiatives and forms of co-operation, as well as identifying new ones. On 14 September 2021, MR-U decided to extend the co-operation programme until the end of 2024.
