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During the Second World War, crime rates skyrocketed in the occupied Netherlands, particularly concerning theft and other offences against property. These crimes were committed by both those who had been convicted in the prewar period and previously 'well-behaved' citizens. Some of them felt forced to steal by the circumstances, others took advantage of the situation for their own benefit.
How did suspects justify their acts? Did they consider theft during the occupation to be a crime, or not? And how did Dutch judges pass judgement concerning property crimes? Did they have compassion for stealing compatriots, or did they consider theft in times of scarcity and increasing poverty to be a great danger, which should be severely punished? In this book, historian Jan Julia Zurné uses case files and verdicts by Dutch courts to provide insight into the lives, experiences and motivations of wartime thieves.

Tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog pleegden de oorlogvoerenden op grote schaal inbreuk op de rechten van neutrale partijen zoals die waren vastgesteld in internationale verdragen. Zowel de Geallieerden als de Centrale mogendheden oefenden druk uit op de neutralen om hun beleid te hunner gunste aan te passen. In de ruim vier jaar die de oorlog duurde, nam die druk zo sterk toe, dat de neutralen zich met handen en voeten gebonden voelden. Ruim vijftig jaar geleden stelde Nils rvik dat deze minachting van het internationale recht, gecombineerd met de betrekkelijke zwakte van de Europese neutrale staten, het einde betekende van de traditionele politieke neutraliteit, een begrip dat hij gelijkstelde met niet-gebondenheid en afzijdigheid. Dit boek bespreekt die stelling in het licht van nieuw vergelijkend onderzoek in Scandinavië, Nederland, Spanje, Argentinië en de VS. Het resultaat is de eerste Engelstalige vergelijkende studie naar neutraliteit tijdens WWI. De opstellen behandelen niet alleen meerdere landen, maar ook meerdere aspecten van het neutraliteitsconcept

Studies of second-order elections using aggregate data have predominantly focused on examining the extent to which European parliament elections and regional elections are dominated by the national, first-order arena, and paid scarce attention to the analysis of municipal elections. In addition the study of second-order elections is dominated by looking at the impact of first-order factors whilst ignoring the impact of arena-specific factors. This article addresses these shortcomings by analyzing the impact of national and local factors on the performance of national parties in the Dutch municipal elections of 2010. Our analysis shows that there are significant effects of local factors. Most parties lose votes when having been in local government and in some cases as well when having in addition lost an alderman as a result of a political crisis. Parties also lose vote share as a result of the entrance of new national and local parties in a local election, with the effect of new national entrants being larger than that of new local entrants. Our analysis corroborates earlier findings that point to a dominance of national factors, while at the same time showing that it is vital to include local, arena specific factors in order to get to a better estimation of the second-orderness of non-national elections. We discuss our results with respect to the recurring debate about the nationalisation of the Dutch municipal elections. Adapted from the source document.