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The author writes about the inadmissibility of revising the main results of the Second World War, the consequences of which are acutely felt in the 21st century. About the role of the USSR in the Victory in World War II and the desire of the West to belittle it. About attempts to lay the main blame for the outbreak of war on the USSR along with Nazi Germany. On the responsibility of Western and «small» countries for the «pacification» of the aggressor. Why is this happening, who is responsible for starting the Second World War, what are the results of the war and what are their consequences — this article is devoted to the consideration of these fundamentally important issues.

The article considers the geo-historical, socio-economic, demographic, military-political and other conditions of the second world war, as well as its stages, from the perspective of the requirements of objective history. Special attention is drawn to those international events and facts that became the trigger for the appearance of casus belli (the reason for war).

The Article is devoted to the activities of the foreign policy system of the Polish Republic before and during the Second world war. Special attention is paid to the activities of the Polish government in exile (1939–1945) and its participation in the preparation of the Warsaw uprising.

В статье рассматриваются языковые особенности в представлении СССР во французских учебных текстах на материале используемых в гимназиях и колледжах учебников под редакцией С. Бернстайна и П. Милза. Цель данной статьи - выявить языковые средства в описании роли СССР во Второй мировой войне. Обращение к материалу учебников позволяет понять основы французского миропонимания, однако языковая сторона представления Советского Союза в учебных исторических текстах на французском языке не изучена в современной лингвистике, чем обусловлена актуальность данной работы. Основными методами исследования послужил поиск и выявление в тексте французских учебников ключевых слов (Советский Союз, победа, разгром, названия стран, имена руководителей). Изучив материал исследования, авторы делают вывод, что, хотя именно СССР стал той страной, которая определила ход войны и победу над Германией, в репрезентации страны-победителя не используется лексика со значением «героизм» и «победитель». Французские учебники по истории способствуют созданию образа СССР не как страны, внесшей решающий вклад в победу над фашизмом, а в лучшем случае как помощника англосаксов и как источник потенциальной опасности.
The article examines the linguistic features of the USSR representation in educational texts on the sample of textbooks edited by S. Bernstein and P. Milza used in French gymnasiums and colleges. The article aims to identify and systematize linguistic means in describing the role of the USSR in World War II. The research seems to be scientifically important as the representation of the USSR in French educational historical texts has not been studied in modern linguistics yet, and the material of textbooks makes us understand the basics of the French world perception. The analysis of the linguistic representation of the USSR was based on the presence in the French text of such keywords as USSR / Soviet Union, victory, tournant / turning point, names of countries, cities, and names of leaders. The authors conclude that the French textbook does not consider the USSR to be the main contributor in the outcome of the war, as there are no words meaning "heroism" or "winner" when depicting the USSR. The linguistic means and techniques used by the French authors create the USSR image not as a country that played a decisive role to win the victory over fascism, but as an assistant to the Anglo-Saxons (at best) and as a source of potential danger.

The historiography of World War II is one of the most extensive research topics in historical science. Over the years, a comprehensive study of the military, political and economic history of wartime has been conducted. Particular attention during recent decades has been given to the social aspects of the war. However, the topic of social cohesion in the warring countries remains insufficiently analyzed. Thus, the main objective of the article is to analyze the current state of research on social cohesion in the context of World War II in contemporary British, German and Russian historical literature. The present study of the reflection of cohesion problems in Soviet Union, Great Britain and Germany during World War II is based on the principles of a new interdisciplinary branch of social science – anthropology of war. It integrates the achievements, subject areas and research tools of history, sociology, military psychology, cultural studies, pedagogy, medicine and other disciplines that study the existence of people and society at large in wartime conditions. A comparative analysis of the chosen historiography shows that at the present stage there is a commonality of approaches among historians related to interest in certain personalities, everyday life during World War II and war's gender dimension. The differences in assessments and methods are determined by the role and place of a particular state in the military-political confrontation as well as by prevailing historiographical paradigms. In any case, the theme of social cohesion was not adequately reflected in these studies. In conclusion, the authors note the research potential of analyzing the problems of social cohesion during World War II.

The article reveals the main reasons, sources, nature and content of falsifications of the history of the World War II and the Great Patriotic war and discrediting their results, the role and significance of the victory of the Soviet people. It defines the main directions of modern falsifications of the history of the Second World War and the great Patriotic war, their conditionality with the nature and content of the current stage of development of international relations, the aggravation of global competition. Measures are proposed to neutralize the destructive influence of falsifications in modern conditions.

The article comprehensively examines the original archival materials of the 1939 census and analyzes the social structure and professional composition of the rural population of the Belarusian-Russian-Ukrainian border region, the development of which for «strategic reasons» was not a priority in the plans of the Soviet mobilization modernization. It highlights main reasons and stages of gender imbalance development, changes in rural population of the region dynamics, in which the titular ethnic groups absolutely dominated and more than half were women. The historical and comparative analysis allowed us to establish a number of specific features of rural population socio-professional structure in the Belarusian part of the border region, which is emphasized in the article. The share of the titular ethnic group among specialists, education workers, service workers, new professions related to maintenance of machinery and mechanisms, planning and selection work, and professional activities requiring high qualifications and education was lower in the Belarusian regions compared to Russian and Ukrainian ones. The author concluded that technical and socio-cultural modernization in agriculture in Belarusian village took place more slowly than in neighboring border regions, as evidenced by the socio-professional appearance of its rural population on the eve of the Second World War, which interrupted this progressive process.

Engineering thinking during the Second World War 1941–1945 had special features. Scientists,design engineers and technical schools made military equipment and military technologies.The article presents the formation and features of Russian engineering thinking in the pre-war periodand in the period of the Second World War. Scientists and engineers contributed intellectuallyinto the victory over the enemy. Thanks to the activities of Russian scientific and engineeringschools, the breakthrough developments were made. The article discusses the scientific schoolsof weapon engineers, metallurgical engineers, the founders and representatives of these schools.The article examines the development of scientific schools that designed tanks. One of theseschools was the Chelyabinsk scientific school of tank design and creation that contributed a lotinto the development of science and higher engineering education in Chelyabinsk. The engineeringsolutions of Russian scientists and engineers were non-standard, simple in design and feasible.These features helped bring the victory closer. ; Отечественное инженерное мышление в период войны 1941–1945 гг. имело свои особенности. Работа учёных, инженеров, конструкторов и научно-технических школ была направлена на создание вооружения, военной техники, военных технологий. В статье представлено формирование и особенности отечественного инженерного мышления в довоенный период и во время Великой Отечественной войны. Наука и система высшеготехнического образования внесла свой интеллектуальный вклад в победу над врагом.Деятельность отечественных научно-технических школ позволила создать прорывные разработки в предвоенный период и во время войны. В статье рассмотрены научные школы инженеров-оружейников, инженеров-металлургов, а также основатели и представители данных школ. Рассмотрено довоенное развитие научных школ разработки танков, что предопределило создание во время войны челябинской школы танкостроения, развитиенауки и высшего инженерного образования в Челябинске. Отечественные инженерные решения отличались смелостью, нестандартностью мышления и простотой разработки, что помогло в конечном итоге приблизить победу.

Considered the role of W. Churchill as the political leader of Great Britain during the Second World War in terms of the features of the functioning of the democratic system power in wartime. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Prime Minister in the organization of the country's governance in 1940-1945. ; Рассматривается роль У. Черчилля как политического лидера Великобритании в годы Второй мировой войны с точки зрения особенностей функционирования демократической системы власти в условиях военного времени. Особое внимание уделяется роли премьер-министра в организации управления страной в 1940-1945 гг.

Раздел 1 . Параметры, стратегии и тактики дискурса ; Статья посвящена исследованию роли зооморфной метафоры в военно-политическом дискурсе периода Второй Мировой войны (1939–1945 гг.). Опираясь на классификацию метафорических моделей, выделены следующие фреймы: «Состав царства животных», «Действия животных», «Объединения животных и иерархические отношения в них», «Части тела животных». Материалом для анализа послужили оцифрованные статьи американского архива California Digital Newspaper Collection, отобранные методом сплошной и целенаправленной выборки. Методы исследования включают когнитивно-дискурсивный анализ, метод метафорического моделирования и метод статистической обработки материалов. ; The article is devoted to the study of the role of zoomorphic metaphor in the military-political discourse of the Second World War. The period analyzed is 1939–1945. The following frames based on the classification of metaphorical models are revealed: «SPECIES», «BEHAVIOR», «HABITAT» and «BODY». Materials for the analysis are digitized articles of the American archive California Digital Newspaper Collection selected by continuous and targeted sampling. Research methods include cognitive-discursive analysis, metaphorical modeling and statistical processing.