The Dynamic of Transatlantic Relations
In: The Polish quarterly of international affairs, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 32-52
ISSN: 1230-4999
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In: The Polish quarterly of international affairs, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 32-52
ISSN: 1230-4999
In: Politique étrangère: PE ; revue trimestrielle publiée par l'Institut Français des Relations Internationales, Band 62, Heft 3, S. 307-319
ISSN: 0032-342X
World Affairs Online
In: Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales, Band 41, Heft 167
ISSN: 2448-492X
En este artículo el autor señala que el siglo xx ha sido una larga centuria de masacres y genocidios. El primero de ellos fue el de los armenios a manos de los turcos, al cual siguió el asesinato masivo de judíos y gitanos bajo el nazismo y, en nuestros días, la "limpieza étnica" que ha tenido lugar en los Balcanes, espacio geográfico recorrido por salvajes matanzas a lo largo de todo el siglo. Racismos, exclusiones de toda índole y nacionalismos mortíferos se han dado y pueden darse en cualquier lugar. Frente a ello hay que recuperar la noción del "extranjero" como prójimo y no olvidar la historia bíblica de Caín, que asesina a Abel y no puede responder a la pregunta divina: "¿Dónde está tu hermano?" Nuestra respuesta a esa pregunta es la única alternativa para evitar ser tanto verdugo como víctima.
In: Contribuciones / CIEDLA, Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios sobre el Desarrollo Latinoamericano de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer, Heft 12 (julio-septiembre, S. 1995) 3/47, S. 69-92
ISSN: 0326-4068
World Affairs Online
In: Nueva Sociedad, Heft 131, S. 132-143
ISSN: 0251-3552
World Affairs Online
Front Cover; Health Reform Policy to Practice; Copyright Page; Contents; List of Contributors; Acknowledgments; Introduction; I. Origins of Oregon Health Reform; 1 The Oregon Narrative: History of Health Reform in Oregon; 1980s-Statewide Dialog, Mobilization, and Action; Hard Choices and the Death of a Boy; Goal Setting and the Oregon Health Plan; Oregon's Controversial Prioritized List of Services; Other Kinds of Insurance Expansion; Employer Mandate; The Oregon Medical Insurance Pool; Small Employer Health Insurance; 1990s-OHP Implementation-Challenges and Benefits
The increasing shares of wind power and solar PV in the European electricity markets have raised concerns about security of supply being jeopardized. The objective of this report is to synthesize the economic research on the nature and extent of intermittency problems in electricity markets, and not least discuss how to deal with these in the electricity market design. Particular attention is devoted to German experiences, and on identifying key lessons for Swedish market design. Specifically, we first discuss how security of supply can be defined, and why real-world so-called energy-only markets, i.e., markets without any pricing of capacity per se, may not provide an efficient level of security of supply. The latter includes a broad set of various market and policy failures. Furthermore, the report identifies and evaluates different regulatory options for addressing security of supply issues in the electricity system. These include three categories of options: measures to strengthen the energy-only market (e.g., removing price caps, strengthening the balancing market, etc.); the introduction of various forms of capacity mechanisms (i.e., focused, comprehensive, and decentralized capacity markets and strategic reserves); and various energy policy reforms (e.g., flexible renewable energy feed-in, improving demand-side management, adjusting network regulation, etc.). Unlike many previous economic studies, we also analyze the drivers of the policy debate on security of supply in Germany, and not least the extent to which the knowledge gained through previous research has penetrated this debate. This political economy perspective permits better understanding of the rationale behind the actual outcomes of the policy processes, i.e., in Germany's case a strengthening of the energy-only market and the installation of a strategic reserve. A number of generic lessons from the German policy debate are highlighted: (a) all actors in the electricity supply system can in various ways contribute to security of supply; (b) underinvestment in security of supply most often have multiple causes, and should preferably be addressed through a portfolio of context-specific measures rather than through the use of single capacity mechanisms; (c) the energy transition taking place in, e.g., Germany, does not fundamentally question security of supply; (d) the measures implemented to safeguard security of supply should include an international perspective as well as consider the risks of potential institutional lock-in; and (e) the policy decision-making process needs to build on credible long-term commitments and transparent consultations with stakeholders. In terms of lessons for the Swedish market design, our conclusions are in line with earlier studies arguing for a wait, see and evaluate strategy. We contend, though, that policy should abstain from making early, future commitments regarding the introduction of quantitative measures and more extended capacity mechanisms. Quantitative measures of security of supply are far from straightforward to define, monitor and evaluate; there is a risk that such measures become too constraining and leads to an exaggerated focus on security-of-supply. A portfolio of measures that strengthen the existing Swedish market design (e.g., removing price caps, reduced trading intervals etc.) should help address the causes of security of supply concerns in a more targeted and cost-effective manner.
BASE
India promotes the production of biodiesel from tree-borne oilseeds. This is seen as an option for substituting fossil fuels, reducing CO2 emissions, afforesting wastelands, and generating rural employment. Critics, however, claim that it may lead to food scarcity and seizure of common lands by corporate investors. This report shows that biodiesel production in India has mainly positive effects. As it is promoted on the basis of non-edible oil seeds on marginal lands, the risks of driving up prices for edible oil or crowding out food production are relatively low. However, the actual development effects may vary greatly, depending on how value chains are organized. This study identifies 13 different ways of organizing biodiesel value chains, ranging from cultivation on large plantations to contract farming, smallholder production for rural electrification, and social forestry projects – each of them having different effects on income generation, participation and empowerment, food security, natural resources management, and climate change. To date, biodiesel production is not a lucrative business, except for some niche markets. This may change in the future, depending on fossil fuel prices, government pricing policies, and agricultural yields. The study describes and assesses a range of federal and state policies aimed at enhancing the economic viability of biodiesel production and ensuring positive development effects.
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Los estudios sobre seguridad en Colombia han incorporado en sus análisis las implicaciones políticas que la seguridad tiene para la consolidación de la democracia, la ciudadanía, la memoria, la verdad o los derechos humanos. Por esta razón, este artículo analiza la primera política estatal sobre seguridad que se implementó entre 1978 a 1982, conocida como el Estatuto de Seguridad y los efectos que tuvo en la institucionalización de la protección y defensa de los derechos humanos. El texto esta dividido en tres partes: La primera parte, analiza la instrumentalización del Estatuto a través de las relaciones cívico-militares, la ideologización y la ocupación y administración de las instituciones; la segunda parte, los alcances del Estatuto respecto a las violaciones de los derechos fundamentales y de los procedimientos legales, así como un intento por ver este fenómeno a través de la dinámica campo-ciudad. La última parte, explica el desmantelamiento del Estatuto en las postrimerías del Gobierno en 1982. ; For the public opinion and the national and international academy, the Democratic Security policy that Alvaro Uribe Velez suggested since he came to power in 2002, has certain features of similarity with the State security policy conducted by President Julio Cesar Turbay from 1978 to 1982 known as the Security Status. To make an accurate comparison between these state policies, it is necessary to analyze the Turbay ́s security status from Turbay to establish frameworks of analysis that can be used for this comparative exercise. Therefore, this article proposes to analyze the security status governing Colombia from 1978 to 1982 through three frameworks: First, the implementation of the Status through civic relations - military, ideology and the occupation and administration of institutions; second, the scope of the status regarding violations of fundamental rights and legal procedures and the dynamic country-city, and finally, the dismantling of the status in 1982.
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In: Journal of European integration, Band 34, Heft 5, S. 465-484
ISSN: 0703-6337
World Affairs Online
Recent warnings from scientists suggest there is limited time to enact policies to avert wide‐ranging ecological and social damage from climate change. In the United States, discussions about comprehensive national policies to avert climate change have begun, with "Green New Deal" proposals and climate plans put forth by members of Congress and presidential candidates. Oceans are largely absent or separate from these nascent policy proposals. Here, we highlight a policy framework to develop terrestrial and ocean‐integrated policies that can complement and enhance terrestrial‐focused initiatives focused on four specific sectors: 1) energy; 2) transportation; 3) food security; and 4) habitat restoration. Given political friction and constrained budgets, an integrated policy framework offers greater potential to achieve a portfolio of mitigation and adaptation goals in a cost‐effective manner, beyond what could be realized with marine or terrestrial policy solutions alone.
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In: Die Friedens-Warte: Journal of International Peace and Organization, Band 79, S. 323-343
ISSN: 0340-0255
World Affairs Online
The studies give you the idea that local government unit employees today use the Internet exceedingly to find data and increase general knowledge. Therefore, the Internet has grown to be a data arterial highway wherever employee forces their thoughts and community experiences. on the other hand, utilize the Internet routinely opens up employees to a variety of dangers like cybercrime, identity theft, and malware infections. Consequently, it is necessary to know the Information Security practices and the level of awareness that Local government unit employees possess to assess and prevent them from harm's way. Methods: The research employed a Descriptive Correlation Method which involved the use of online questionnaires delivered through Google form, interviews and observations. The respondents of the study were four hundred eleven (411) employees during the year2019-2020. Simple Random Sampling was the method used for choosing the respondents. Findings: Outcomes indicate that there was a significant positive association between respondents Year level with the level of Information Security Awareness (ISA), (r (411) =. 451, p < .001). The result shows with the aim of the the Educational Attainment of the respondents, the higher the Comprehension and awareness in Information Security (IS). Employees improve their experience, knowledge, and awareness of the fortification and distribution of information when they developed to a Educational attainment in the study. This implies that the program successfully meets the knowledge requirements of the employees in the Local Government Unit. Application/Improvements: result of this study can serve as a basis for policy measures the use of Computer Networks in the Local Government Unit. It may also serve as a guide for developing inclusive and beneficial Information Security Awareness (ISA) training programs for the LGU Employees
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In: International Law - Book Archive pre-2000
This new work examines three important case-studies of international conference diplomacy concerning military security, as presented at the semi-universal Geneva negotiations on the Chemical Weapons Convention (1992), the regional Stockholm conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures (CSBMs, 1986) and the Vienna bloc-to-bloc talks between East and West on Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR, 1989). The authors describe in great detail the course and results of these conferences, and make a comparison of the negotiating processes before and after the abolition of the Warsaw Treaty Organization after the political events of 1989 in Eastern Europe. The central terms underlying this study are defined within a newly developed comprehensive theoretical framework that is used to analyze the three negotiating processes. In the final chapter a number of concrete recommendations are made which aim to increase the efficacy and efficiency of future multilateral negotiations
In: CODESRIA bulletin: Bulletin du CODESRIA en ligne, Heft 3-04
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