Suchergebnisse

Freedom of expression in abstraction is easily professed, yet often controversial and unsatisfying. As states attempt to balance the interest of liberty, speech is often at the intersection. In its practical application, it is easy to lose sight of the interest of expression, as the damage of the expression is much more concrete than that of the abstraction of speech idea is. This work is a unique, comprehensive study of sexualized speech regulation, reviewing the paradigms of enforcement and looking forward to determine how governments will react to challenges in an interconnected world. A challenge will be to find a balance between freedom of expression and protection of societal interests. Challenges of the freedom of expression are many and often. Often restrictions seem reasonable and justified. The ideal of free expression is often more noble than the speech that is suppressed. It is particularly because of the unpopularity of some of this sexualized speech and some speakers that eternal vigilance may be required.

"This book explores how incels use language and other semiotic resources to construct ideologies of gender and race/ethnicity. The author theorises and positions incels' performances of masculinity against a backdrop of broader social sciences and linguistic literature, and discusses some of the limitations of different lenses through which incels have previously been understood, as well some of the ethical issues involved with researching a hostile community. Corpus linguistic methods and netnographic reflections are used to explore how incels construct ideologies about gender, gendered social actors, and race/ethnicity, as well as where these concepts intersect. Taking a post-structuralist critical analysis to this community reveals a number of way ideologies towards different groups based on social identities are linguistically constructed. This book will be relevant to those researching or studying language, gender, and sexuality, sociology, and criminology. Outside of academic applications, it is also written in a way that is accessible to external organisations interested in equality and the prevention of incel-ideology-motivated offline attacks." --

Introduction: In the name of the "mutha'" -- What's going on? -- The dirty/earthy mother -- The gods we worship -- The Anthropocene is a motherfucker -- Color Mother Nature gone -- "Feed the green" -- "Word is born" -- Call (on) your "mutha'" -- Coda: "Gather and vote."

Regulation of sexualized speech in the United States --Regulation of sexualized speech in Europe : transnational level --Sexualized speech regulation in Europe : national level --The prosecution and defence of sexualized material --Concluding summary:The road ahead.

This book investigates gender and power relations in the Cameroonian parliament using a critical discourse analytical approach, which focuses on social issues and seeks to expose unequal relations within institutions. The study identifies different gendered discourses within the speeches of Members of Parliament and government ministers. Consciously or unconsciously, these participants within parliamentary debates draw on topics that construct women and men in specific ways, sometimes sustaining gender stereotypes or challenging existing conditions. The way men and women are constructed using.

"Aussagen darüber, was männlich oder weiblich ist, was für Männer und Frauen normal oder typisch ist (oder eben nicht ist), finden sich in den Massenmedien in grosser Dichte, sowohl explizit als auch implizit. Diese Studie unterzieht bundesdeutsche Pressetexte erstmals einer grossangelegten genderlinguistischen Analyse, um der Frage nachzugehen, wie geschlechtsspezifische Körper- und Rollenbilder in diesen Pressetexten mittels und in Sprache (re)produziert und propagiert werden. Zwei sich ergänzende Methoden werden dazu angewendet: die quantitativ verfahrende Korpuslinguistik und die qualitativ angelegte Framesemantik. Auf diese Weise werden typische Sprachgebrauchsmuster mit ihren charakteristischen (Be)Deutungen erkennbar. Da neben einer synchronen auch eine diachrone Analyse durchgeführt wird, lassen sich sowohl Konstanten als auch Veränderungen im Sprachgebrauch erforschen, was Rückschlüsse auf das (jeweils zeitspezifische) gesellschaftliche Wissen erlaubt"--

Gender and Language in Sub-Saharan Africa: Tradition, Struggle and Change is the first book to bring together the topics of language and gender, African languages, and gender in African contexts, and it does so in a descriptive, explanatory and critical way. Including fascinating new work and new, often challenging data from Botswana, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa, this collection looks at some 'traditional' uses of language in relation to the gender of its speakers and the gendered nature of the languages themselves; it also identifies and explores social change in terms of both gender and sexuality, as reflected in and constructed by language and discourse. The contributions to this volume are accessibly written and will be of interest to students and established academics working on African sociolinguistics and discourse, as well as those whose interest is language, gender and sexuality.

Cover; Making Sense of Race, Class, and Gender: Commonsense, Power, and Privilege in the United States; Copyright; CONTENTS; PREFACE; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 ROUTINE MATTERS: RACIALIZATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE; 3 ALL THE RIGHT STUFF: GENDER AND SEXUALITY; 4 CLASS: A REPRESENTATIONAL ECONOMY; 5 MOVING FORWARD; APPENDIX A: INTERVIEWEES; APPENDIX B: COLLECTION OF NEWSPAPER ARTICLES; ENDNOTES; REFERENCES; INDEX

Investigación consistente en el sexismo lingüístico, en concreto, en la lengua española. Estudio de los rasgos sexistas de la lengua y de su influencia en la sociedad y en la cultura tradicional española. Análisis posterior de las consecuencias del sexismo en el lenguaje en el imaginario colectivo y de forma individual, así como los hábitos y los usos que lo perpetuan y lo promueven. Comparación en la que se muestra cómo afecta la discriminación lingüística a la propaganda política contemporánea. Proposición de posibles soluciones para erradicar el sexismo en el lenguaje y reorientación de la propaganda política contemporánea ; Investigació consistent en el sexisme lingüístic, concretament, en la llengua española. Estudi dels trets sexistes de la llengua i de la seva influència en la societat i en la cultura tradicional espanyola. Anàlisi posterior de les conseqüències del sexisme en el llenguatge en l'imaginari col·lectiu i de forma individual, així com els hàbits i els usos que el perpetuen i el promouen. Comparar com afecta la discriminació lingüística a la propaganda política contemporànea. Proposar possible solucions per a erradicar el sexisme en el llenguatge i reorientar la propaganda política contemporànea ; Conscious study on sexist language, specifically, in Spanish. Study of the sexist features of the language and its influence in society, and in the Spanish traditional culture. Subsequent analysis of sexist language in the collective imagination and individually, as well as the habits and uses that perpetuate it and promote it. Compare how language discrimination affects modern political propaganda. Propose possible solutions to eradicate sexist language and redirect modern political propaganda

Violence against women is a growing problem. With examples from Denmark, France, Poland, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States, the contributors to this volume explore how violence is framed through language and what this means for research and policy. They look at how metaphors in police homicide reports obscure domestic violence, how abstract language conveys stereotypes without anybody noticing, and how Western authorities have struggled to understand crimes in the name of honor. Language shapes responses to abuse and approaches to perpetrators and interfaces with national debates about gender, violence, and social change.

I. Homo Loquens, Homo Faber, Animal Economicum: An Anthropologist's Conception of the Dawn of Human Conduct -- 1. Toolmaking, Hunting, and the Origin of Language -- II. The Reconstitution of Humanity: Genesis of Language, Self, and Consciousness -- 2. The Role of Semiosis in L. S. Vygotsky's Theory of Human Cognition -- 3. Peekaboo as an Instructional Model: Discourse Development at Home and at School -- 4. The Implications of Luria's Theories for Cross-cultural Research on Language and Intelligence -- 5. An Interactionist Model of Language Development -- 6. Language and Alienation -- 7. Ontogenesis, Use, and Representation of Cultural Categories: A Psychological Perspective -- 8. A. Self-concept and Sexism in Language -- B. Sexism and Self-concept in the Language of Children: A Middle Childhood Survey -- 9. Aging, Work, and Youth: New Words for a New Age of Old Age -- 10. Beyond Societal Language: The Development of the Deaf Person -- 11. Some Sociogenetic Determinants in Human Development Revealed by the Study of Severely Deprived Children -- III. The Social Production of Language: The State of the Art -- 12. Report from an Underdeveloped Country: Toward Linguistic Competence in the United States -- 13. Descriptive and Explanatory Power of Rules in Sociolinguistics -- 14. Theoretical Prerequisites for a Contemporary Applied Linguistics -- 15. Second Language Learning: An Integrated Psycholinguistic Model -- 16. Using Language: A Sociofunctional Approach -- 17. New Horizons in the Study of Speech and Social Situations -- 18. Language as the Instrument of School Socialization: An Examination of Bernstein's Thesis -- 19. The Rise of the Vernaculars in Early Modern Europe: An Essay in the Political Economy of Language -- 20. The Impact of Informatics on Social Sign Systems -- 21. The Semiotic Processes of the Formation and Expression of Ideas -- 22. Psychoanalytic Anthropology and the Meaning of Meaning -- 23. Dialectics, Ethnography, and Educational Research -- 24. The Quantification of Knowledge in Education: On Resistance toward Qualitative Evaluation and Research -- 25. The Sociogenesis of Social Sciences: An Analysis of the Cultural Relativity of Social Psychology -- IV. The Paideia of Language: Historical, Educational, and Ethnic Praxis -- 26. Vernacular Values and Education -- 27. Language, Education, and Reproduction in Wales -- 28. Minority Languages in the Netherlands: Relations between Sociopolitical Conflicts and Bilingual Education -- 29. The Linguagenesis of Society: The Implementation of the National Language Plan in West Malaysia -- 30. Cultural Reproduction in the Bilingual Classroom -- 31. The Production of Ethnic Discourse: American and Puerto Rican Patterns -- Epilogue Guilem Rodrigues da Silva.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation architectures mainly differ in the amount of sharing modules and parameters among languages. In this paper, and from an algorithmic perspective, we explore if the chosen architecture, when trained with the same data, influences the gender bias accuracy. Experiments in four language pairs show that Language-Specific encoders-decoders exhibit less bias than the Shared encoder-decoder architecture. Further interpretability analysis of source embeddings and the attention shows that, in the LanguageSpecific case, the embeddings encode more gender information, and its attention is more diverted. Both behaviors help in mitigating gender bias. ; This work is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 947657). ; Preprint