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Discusses resignation of President Shevardnadze following "revolution of the roses" in Nov. 2003, political prospects of opposition party leader and reformer Mikhail Saakashvili, and US assistance to the new government.

"July 2006." ; Caption title. ; Introduction -- Terminology: coup, "revolution," or revolution? -- Shevardnadze's civil society -- Driving forces of the revolution -- Kmara: breaking through political apathy -- Opposition groups -- The media -- Civil society and international actors -- Should the security forces defend the regime or the people? -- Conclusion. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Report by Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR Eduard Shevardnadze and discussion; summaries of statements by section chairmen.

Search for Geopolitical Strategy for Georgia means finding a special road to a civilized future that will be in line with the country's historical and cultural specificity and uniqueness. After the unfavorable conditions, there was created a short but very profitable term implementing its geopolitical and geostrategic interests. Everything depended on the ability of the Georgian politicians, how much they would you be able to determine, understand and mobilize the situation. In this case Georgian diplomacy was appropriate. The government which was in a very difficult position soon clarified the situation and was able to use this chance as much as possible. Accordingly, the country received an impressive geopolitical dividend. Georgian diplomacy achieved great success in the geopolitical context. The factor of the President of Georgia, Eduard Shevardnadze, played a major role, he created a desirable background for Western politics in Georgia with his authority in world politics and great political activity. ; Search for Geopolitical Strategy for Georgia means finding a special road to a civilized future that will be in line with the country's historical and cultural specificity and uniqueness. After the unfavorable conditions, there was created a short but very profitable term implementing its geopolitical and geostrategic interests. Everything depended on the ability of the Georgian politicians, how much they would you be able to determine, understand and mobilize the situation. In this case Georgian diplomacy was appropriate. The government which was in a very difficult position soon clarified the situation and was able to use this chance as much as possible. Accordingly, the country received an impressive geopolitical dividend. Georgian diplomacy achieved great success in the geopolitical context. The factor of the President of Georgia, Eduard Shevardnadze, played a major role, he created a desirable background for Western politics in Georgia with his authority in world politics and great political activity.

This report examines the ouster of Georgia's President Eduard Shevardnadze in the wake of a legislative election that may Georgians viewed as not free and fair.

Examines various issues of conflict and tension between post-Soviet Georgia and Russia after introducing Georgia's seeming lack of good luck with its leadership exemplified by Zviad Gamsakhurdia and Eduard Shavardnadze. It is hoped that the third and current president, Mikhail Saakasvilli, who replaced Shavardnadze, will more successfully address Georgia's realities and potentials and not fail after an initial rule of extreme popularity as did the first two presidents. Rocky Russian-Georgian relations, the "rose' revolution, Georgia's approach to terrorism, border-crossing visas between the countries, a framework agreement, Russian military bases in Georgia, the rights of Meskhetian Turks, territorial issues regarding Abkhazia and South Ossetia, United States' policy interests toward Georgia, and Russia's future relations with Georgia are scrutinized. It is concluded that the desire for improved Russian-Georgian relations exists, but it is clear Georgia's foreign policy strategy must yet clarify its real policy interests against its idealistic objectives in order to quicken the process of moving from mistrust to reliable dialogue and effective cooperation.

Three revolutions, one after another, replaced the three post-communist leaders of Georgia: (1) the Round Table and Zviad Gamsakhurdia replaced the communists; (2) Gamsakhurdia's cabinet was replaced by Eduard Shevardnadze, and (3) Mikhail Saakashvili removed Shevardnadze from his post. Each of them changed the fortunes of the country and the nation, but only the last event was tagged as a "revolution." It is obviously viewed as the most important among the three and prompts us to ask whether it is absolutely correct to describe Saakashvili's coming to power as a revolution. Is it not a ploy designed to boost the importance of the regime change in the eyes of the world community and the local population? To answer these questions we should answer another, broader, question: Did the regime change that removed Eduard Shevardnadze and became known as the Rose Revolution have the characteristics of a revolution? By revolution we mean the very specific and profound impact a regime exerts on social order-it is much more than a conflict that replaces the government. A revolution brings about changes in the political, economic, spiritual, and social spheres of the nation's life, which take some time to become obvious and are never immediately manifest the very day after forces come to power which choose to call themselves "revolutionary." The events of November 2003 in Georgia were called a revolution immediately after the coup was completed. During the three years that separate us from that time enough material has been accumulated to assess the nature of the changes that have taken place and were brought about by Mikhail Saakashvili's coming to power. The Rose Revolution is a term prompted by the immediate impressions of the non-constitutional power change in Georgia. A revolution is not merely a particular method of regime change-it is an event of profound importance for the country's economic, social, and political life. Those Western authors who have devoted much time to the theory of revolution and who have written extensively on the subject 1 interpret it as a particular method of regime change that brings more radical results than other seemingly similar actions. A revolution means replacement of the top leaders accomplished by a mass illegitimate movement that results in deep-cutting changes.

A Look at the New Master of Soviet Diplomacy, by S. Kartveli
The choice of Eduard Shevardnadze to replace Andrei Gromyko cornes as a surprise. Nothing would seem to have predisposed this provincial apparatchik to diplomacy. However, his choice is perhaps well-considered and rational. A reformist, he was already practicing Gorbachevism in his previous functions before the advent of Gorbachev. He is a confidant of Gorbachev and a man of proven talents as a negotiator and political manipulator. In a world where image and appearance are often of paramount importance, the choice of Shevardnadze is also sound. He personifies the new breed of young, strong, reformist administrator, who is also less Russian and more authentically multinational. In the Russian subconscious, the prototype of a Georgian is a mixture of seducer, hunter, brave and vengeful fighter, and stubborn highlander with the soûl of an actor. Gorbachev undoubtedly took ail these factors into account in making his choice.

IN FEBRUARY 1990, U.S. SECRETARY OF STATE JAMES BAKER MET WITH MIKHAIL GORBACHEV AND SOVIET FOREIGN MINISTER EDUARD SHEVARDNADZE IN MOSCOW TO DISCUSS ARMS CONTROL. THEY MADE SUBSTANTIAL PROGRESS ON START AND A CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION. THIS ARTICLE CONTAINS EXCERPTS FROM THE JOINT STATEMENT ON THE MOSCOW MINISTERIAL AND THE JOINT STATEMENT ON CHEMICAL WEAPONS.

Provides a profile of former Republic of Georgia President Eduard Shevardnadze, tracing his political career from the Soviet period through to his November 2003 resignation. Attention is given to his rise to the top of the Soviet leadership, perestroika-period foreign policy, the tumultuous 1990s, & his ascent to & descent from the Georgian presidency. Adapted from the source document.

In the second half of January 1986, Eduard Shevardnadze, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR, paid official visits to Japan, North Korea and Mongolia. The author assesses the importance of these visits for the relations of the USSR with these countries. Soviet support for the North Korean proposals on the establishment of a confederation between North and South Korea. (DÜI-Sen)

Данная статья посвящена анализу политических процессов на территории постсоветской Грузии. В работе поэтапно показаны основные направления и результаты проводимых в республике реформ, начиная с политики Э. Шеварднадзе и до Б. Иванишвили.This article is devoted to the analysis of political processes in the post-Soviet Georgia. The paper shows main directions and results of political reforms in the country, ranging from politics of Shevardnadze and to Boris Ivanishvili.