The active use of social media can potentially jeopardize the quality of romantic relationships. The present study contributes to the existing research body investigating the connection between social media use and relationship satisfaction, by focusing on the users' social media activity, their relationship visibility, relationship satisfaction and the different types of intimacy. We conducted a web-based data collection where participants (n 418) completed various types of questionnaires, namely the Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS) (Jenkins-Guarnieri, 2013), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, 1985), the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (Hendrick, 1988), Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) (Schaefer & Olson, 1981), and an additional questionnaire created to study the visibility of romantic relationships on social media. To analyze the collected data, first a correlation analysis was conducted. The findings show that there is a negative correlation between social media activity and romantic relationship satisfaction. Besides, social media activity is negatively associated with emotional, intellectual, recreational and social intimacy. No negative correlation has been found regarding social media activity and sexual intimacy. The correlation analysis also indicates that the users' visibility on social networks is negatively associated with relationship satisfaction and with all types of intimacy, predominantly with social and recreational intimacy. In the second part of the study, a series of moderated regression analysis were carried out. These analyses have shown that social media activity does not moderate the association between romantic relationships' visibility on social media and relationship satisfaction.
The paper analyzes the approaches of several notable researchers to the issue whether social media promotes democracy. It generalizes some of the crucial theoretical arguments, elaborated by these scholars, and divides them into two groups – cyber-optimists and cyber-skeptics. The fi rst group of scholars argues that social media has become coordinating tools for almost all modern world political movements – from broad and nationwide to small and local, – while the second questions its ability to produce any pro-democratic changes per se. In the end the paper proposes a theoretical framework, in which the relationship between social media and political institutions can be analyzed. In particular, it argues that social media causes merging between mass and interpersonal communication, and, in doing so, challenges the link between media and political institutions, which, according to the classic book "Four Theories of the Press" (F. Siebert, T. Peterson and W. Schramm), characterized media in the epoch of traditional broadcast and printed outlets.
The relevance of the topic is related to the psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to study the subjective well-being during the beginning of the pandemic and introduction of the quarantine measures and their connection to social media activity. The methods employed in the present study include various types of questionnaires, namely the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmnos, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), and an original questionnaire developed to study the impact of the pandemic and the respondents' understanding and perceptions of it. The findings of the quantitative analysis show that the subjective well-being during the pandemic is connected to the use of social media, life satisfaction, health risks assessments and economic consequences, leisure time and the level of self-efficacy. A qualitative analysis indicates that at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine the negative predictions of the consequences of both the pandemic and the implemented quarantine measures prevail among the subjects. A longitudinal study during one month has found a reduction in health concerns, and respondents began to assess the threat to their health and economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic as less serious than at the beginning. Thus, it can be concluded that from a short-term perspective the negative affect, especially the levels of fear and anxiety, decreased, whereas the level of the positive affect did not change.
The purpose of article is to determine the features of the representation of Ukrainian identity in "TikTok" social media. The methodology. Through a specially account created by the author, a qualitative contentanalysis of the videos in the TOP50 Ukrainian blogs and a search for videos on the most popular Ukrainian studies tags had been conducted. The results of the case had been compared with the data obtained by the author in the process of researching other popular in Ukraine social media and networks— Instagram, Facebook, Telegram. The results. "TikTok" had been defined not only as a dynamic and entertaining social media, but also as an increasingly active sociopolitical actor. It has been established that, unlike other social media and networks, "TikTok" broadcasts Ukrainian identity simultaneously at the civicpolitical, linguisticcultural and ethnically charged levels. The most socially significant practices of spreading the actual, linguistic and cultural identity of Ukrainians have been identified. These are: а) the practices of using in network activity only Ukrainian language; b)practices of conscious popularization of the Ukrainian language through the shooting of special videos. It had been shown that, on the other hand, the most widespread level of civic and political identity in "TikTok" is marked by a not favorable attitude to one's own national and state affiliation. This is a consequence of inefficient socioeconomic modernization of the country in recent decades. The topicality. This is the first attempt of not popular, but scientific research of "TikTok" as an active sociopolitical actor in Ukraine. The practical significance. The information contained in this article may be useful for teaching the various courses, for the scholars, researchers of Ukrainian culture. ; «ТікТок» визначено не лише як динамічне і розважальне соціальне медіа, а і як дедалі активніший суспільнополітичний суб'єкт. Обмірковано, що, на відміну від інших популярних у країні соціальних медіа та мереж, «ТікТок» транслює українську ідентичність водночас на громадянськополітичному, мовнокультурному та етнонаснаженому рівнях одночасно. Визначено найбільш суспільно значущі практики поширення фактичної, мовнокультурної ідентичності українців. Показано, що наймасовіший рівень громадянськополітичної ідентичності в «ТікТок», натомість, відзначається не надто прихильним ставленням до власної національнодержавної належності.
У цій статті авторка аналізує те, як поява соціальних медіа стала відправною точкою для демократичних змін у суспільній свідомості. У ній показано як соціальні медіа змінюють типову парадигму відносин між журналістикою і громадянським суспільством; а також досліджується вплив цих медіа на розвиток громадянського суспільства у тоталітарних та пост-тоталітарних країнах. ; Abstract: In this article the author is analyzing how emerging of social media became a turning point of democratic changes in modern society consciousness. It's illustrating how social media alter general relationship paradigm between journalism and civil society; as well as the influence of those media on civil society development in totalitarian and post-totalitarian countries.
Introduction. New information and communication technologies determine changes in social being which are expected to be investigated. The aim and the tasks of the article are to discuss the influence of Information age media on the social consciousness. Research methods. The theoretical understanding of the media culture phenomenon is carried out on the basis of systemic, cultural, historical and sociocultural approaches. Research results: Particular attention is paid to the impact of the information revolution on media culture, which is reflected in informatization, formation of the global information and communication space, virtualization of different spheres of society, segmentation of the audience of mass media according to their interests and hobbies, creation of social networks as a new form of social interactions based on interactivity of communication. The study shows that mass media demassification strengthens the trends of cultural pluralism, cultural standards, multiculturalization and formation of multicultural identities. Discussion.The author of the study draws attention to the fact of growing manipulating possibilities supported by the modern mass media during social and political crises, in the periods of absence of clear and convincing arguments for the social course held, disintegration of society and social disorientation associated with it. Conclusion. Taking into account that the latest information technologies in the field of mass media lead to diverse changes in the socio-cultural environment as a non-linear system with a multilevel structure, it is important to investigate further the integration function of the media being a mediator of the symbolic exchange of cultural values by members of different civilizations and autonomous elements of the social system of the society ; В статье рассматривается влияние медиа информационной эпохи на общественное сознание. Исследуются изменения в общественном бытии, которые детерминируются новыми информационно-коммуникационными технологиями. ...
The article is dedicated to the emotional component of political mobilization process realized through social media resources on the example of political flashmobs in Ukraine, Belarus, Russia. ; В статье рассматриваются эмоциональная составляющая политической мобилизации через социальные сети на примере политических флешмобов в Украине, Беларуси и России. ; У статті розглянуто емоційну складову політичної мобілізації через соціальнімережі на прикладі політичних флешмобів в Україні, Білорусі та Росії
Ukrainian society is deeply disintegrated. The lack of solidarity in society – one of the main factors of the crisis in the economic, political, social and spiritual spheres. Therefore, the problems of formation of social solidarity in Ukraine has not only theoretical but also practical importance. Our country is in step with global trends and inevitably enters into the information age. This signifi cantly affects the very nature of social solidarity. Its main resource becomes information. Such solidarity arises on the basis of awareness of the unity of views and being in one community. A key role in the formation of such solidarity play a modern social media. They are an important tool for the conservation of traditional social relations and the formation of civil society. There are several factors that contribute to the formation of micro social solidarity through social media: a sense of possibility to infl uence the overall process; a sense of collective participation in the case; emotional lift from the process. The article deals with social media as a new tool the formation of social solidarity micro-level and analyzes the effectiveness of such solidarity. The social media are analysed as social mechanism that has communicational and informational infl uence on society at different levels including microsocial. It differs from the traditional media in a number of its characteristics. It is crucially important that social media can be instrumentalized for the creation of social solidarity as well as for generating social and political confl icts. This is important in the process of the democratization towards the political system of digital democracy that is based on the immediate civil particіpation in discussion and implementation of political decisions, transparency and accountability of the state authorities and offi cials, rational communication and structured inclusive public sphere. Keywords: social media, microsocial solidarity, civil society. ; Розглянуто соціальні медіа як новий інструмент формування соціальної солі-дарності на мікросоціальному рівні, а також проаналізовано ефективність такої солідарності. Ключові слова: соціальні медіа, мікросоціальна солідарність, громадянське суспільство.
Introduction. Modern interactive society is characterized by a constant increase and globalization of communications, the quantity and quality of which constantly grows.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the essence, genesis and possibilities of new social media and social networks in the modern educational process.Methods. To achieve this, general scientific and special research methods were applied. It was found that social media is both a technology and a kind of Internet sites.Results. From a technological point of view, the social network is an interactive website with a large number of users whose content is filled by the participants themselves. Consequently, the main function of social networks is the association of people with similar interests in one community or group. It was found that educational social networks connect students and cadets. These services are focused on interaction in order to realize academic projects, research or connect scientific and pedagogical staff. Research social networks target the academic audience (researchers, doctoral students, adjuncts, graduate students). Such networks allow academic researchers to engage in collaborative research.Originality. Therefore, the article clarifies the content of such concepts as «new social media», «social network» and develops the views on their application in the educational process.Conclusion. Modern wars and Ukraine's aspirations for membership in NATO put forward new requirements for the educational process in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. These are team-based training using a variety of automated control systems, innovative forms of training, and, in particular, distance learning. This requires further research of Internet technologies, with an aim to modernize military education, bring the Ukrainian army closer to the North Atlantic Alliance standards. ; Целью статьи является исследование сущности, генезиса и возможностей новых социальных медиа и социальных сетей в современном образовательном процессе. Для этого использовались общенаучные и специальные методы исследования. В процессе исследования выявлено, что образовательные социальные сети объединяют слушателей, курсантов, студентов и ориентированы на взаимодействие с целью оказания помощи в реализации академических проектов, проведения научных исследований или взаимодействия с научно-педагогическими работниками. В статье было уточнено содержание отдельных понятий, получили дальнейшее развитие взгляды относительно их применения в образовательном процессе. Современная война и стремление Украины вступить в НАТО выдвигают новые требования к образовательному процессу в Вооруженных Силах Украины. Всё это требует дальнейших научных исследований новых Интернет-технологий с целью модернизации военного образования, приближение украинской армии к стандартам Североатлантического альянса. ; Метою статті є дослідження сутності, ґенези та можливостей нових соціальних медіа та соціальних мереж в сучасному освітньому процесі. Для цього застосовувалися загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи дослідження. З'ясовано, що освітні соціальні мережі поєднують слухачів, курсантів, студентів і орієнтовані на взаємодію з метою надання допомоги в реалізації академічних проектів, проведення наукових досліджень або взаємодії з науково-педагогічними працівниками. У статті уточнено зміст окремих понять, набули подальшого розвитку погляди щодо їхнього застосування в освітньому процесі. Сучасні війни та прагнення України вступити до НАТО висувають нові вимоги до освітнього процесу в Збройних Силах України. Зазначене потребує подальших наукових досліджень нових Інтернет-технологій, з метою модернізації військової освіти, наближення українського війська до стандартів Північноатлантичного альянсу.
Introduction. Modern interactive society is characterized by a constant increase and globalization of communications, the quantity and quality of which constantly grows.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the essence, genesis and possibilities of new social media and social networks in the modern educational process.Methods. To achieve this, general scientific and special research methods were applied. It was found that social media is both a technology and a kind of Internet sites.Results. From a technological point of view, the social network is an interactive website with a large number of users whose content is filled by the participants themselves. Consequently, the main function of social networks is the association of people with similar interests in one community or group. It was found that educational social networks connect students and cadets. These services are focused on interaction in order to realize academic projects, research or connect scientific and pedagogical staff. Research social networks target the academic audience (researchers, doctoral students, adjuncts, graduate students). Such networks allow academic researchers to engage in collaborative research.Originality. Therefore, the article clarifies the content of such concepts as «new social media», «social network» and develops the views on their application in the educational process.Conclusion. Modern wars and Ukraine's aspirations for membership in NATO put forward new requirements for the educational process in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. These are team-based training using a variety of automated control systems, innovative forms of training, and, in particular, distance learning. This requires further research of Internet technologies, with an aim to modernize military education, bring the Ukrainian army closer to the North Atlantic Alliance standards. ; Целью статьи является исследование сущности, генезиса и возможностей новых социальных медиа и социальных сетей в современном образовательном процессе. Для этого использовались общенаучные и специальные методы исследования. В процессе исследования выявлено, что образовательные социальные сети объединяют слушателей, курсантов, студентов и ориентированы на взаимодействие с целью оказания помощи в реализации академических проектов, проведения научных исследований или взаимодействия с научно-педагогическими работниками. В статье было уточнено содержание отдельных понятий, получили дальнейшее развитие взгляды относительно их применения в образовательном процессе. Современная война и стремление Украины вступить в НАТО выдвигают новые требования к образовательному процессу в Вооруженных Силах Украины. Всё это требует дальнейших научных исследований новых Интернет-технологий с целью модернизации военного образования, приближение украинской армии к стандартам Североатлантического альянса. ; Метою статті є дослідження сутності, ґенези та можливостей нових соціальних медіа та соціальних мереж в сучасному освітньому процесі. Для цього застосовувалися загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи дослідження. З'ясовано, що освітні соціальні мережі поєднують слухачів, курсантів, студентів і орієнтовані на взаємодію з метою надання допомоги в реалізації академічних проектів, проведення наукових досліджень або взаємодії з науково-педагогічними працівниками. У статті уточнено зміст окремих понять, набули подальшого розвитку погляди щодо їхнього застосування в освітньому процесі. Сучасні війни та прагнення України вступити до НАТО висувають нові вимоги до освітнього процесу в Збройних Силах України. Зазначене потребує подальших наукових досліджень нових Інтернет-технологій, з метою модернізації військової освіти, наближення українського війська до стандартів Північноатлантичного альянсу.
This paper explores social media and their impact on the political and civic life of Ukraine. It is shown how well the Facebook was used to organize people during the Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine and further in the development of civil society. The influence of social media on the political life after the revolutionary events is analyzed, as well as the role of Facebook and Instagram in the presidential election campaign of 2019. ; У статті досліджуються соціальні мережі та їх вплив на політичне та громадянське життя України. Показано, як вдало було використано соціальну мережу facebook для організації людей під час Революції Гідності в Україні та в подальшому становленні громадянського суспільства. Проаналізовано вплив соціальних мереж на політичне життя після революційних подій, а також висвітлено роль facebook та instagram у президентських виборчих кампаніях 2019 року.
In many countries the significant influence of social media on the political processes is really obvious, as evidenced by the modern realities. This review article analyzes and summarizes the tools used to carry out campaigning in social media by the political forces of Poland and Ukraine. Publications and other activities on social media pages and channels of Ukrainian parties (whose representatives became members of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine) and Polish political forces (those who received representation in the lower house of the National Assembly of the Republic of Poland – the Sejm of the Republic of Poland) during the 2019 election campaigns were taken as examples. It was found out that representatives of the political forces of both states used (in most cases) the same types of social media: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube. However, in Ukraine, Telegram was additionally being experimented with. At the same time in Poland Twitter was more popular than in our country. it is defined, that advertising on social media allows to more accurately address narratives, namely: to outline the region, the age parameters of coverage of party content. Facebook has somewhat curbed the abuse of this tool. The next agitation tools have been defined: polls, «viral» dissemination of information (content), using bots, advertising, creating events and adding a frame to page's picture photo on Facebook. The dynamics of audience coverage data, user reactions, likes, comments, reposts, video views, subscriptions to the party page or channel can be used as indicators of the effectiveness. Empirical and comparative methods were used in the research process.Further scientific research may be related to the use of this agitations toolkit (and possibly it's extension) in other countries, to the definition of the particular features for the specific country or region. ; Суттєвий вплив на політичні процеси соціальних медіа в багатьох країнах є очевидним. Реалії сьогодення все частіше переконують у цьому. В оглядовій статті ...
In many countries the significant influence of social media on the political processes is really obvious, as evidenced by the modern realities. This review article analyzes and summarizes the tools used to carry out campaigning in social media by the political forces of Poland and Ukraine. Publications and other activities on social media pages and channels of Ukrainian parties (whose representatives became members of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine) and Polish political forces (those who received representation in the lower house of the National Assembly of the Republic of Poland – the Sejm of the Republic of Poland) during the 2019 election campaigns were taken as examples. It was found out that representatives of the political forces of both states used (in most cases) the same types of social media: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube. However, in Ukraine, Telegram was additionally being experimented with. At the same time in Poland Twitter was more popular than in our country. it is defined, that advertising on social media allows to more accurately address narratives, namely: to outline the region, the age parameters of coverage of party content. Facebook has somewhat curbed the abuse of this tool. The next agitation tools have been defined: polls, «viral» dissemination of information (content), using bots, advertising, creating events and adding a frame to page's picture photo on Facebook. The dynamics of audience coverage data, user reactions, likes, comments, reposts, video views, subscriptions to the party page or channel can be used as indicators of the effectiveness. Empirical and comparative methods were used in the research process.Further scientific research may be related to the use of this agitations toolkit (and possibly it's extension) in other countries, to the definition of the particular features for the specific country or region. ; Суттєвий вплив на політичні процеси соціальних медіа в багатьох країнах є очевидним. Реалії сьогодення все частіше переконують у цьому. В оглядовій статті ...
Civil Society is the self-organized and self-regulated area of public relations in the state, that unites many institutes – subjects, that in the process of their activity form public relations aimed at strengthening civil society. One of these institutions is the means of mass media (media). The most part of media are non-governmental, private, and therefore are perceived as special – information – commercial projects designed to bring profits to owners. But media is a powerful institute of civil society, their purpose is to inform the public about current events as objectively as possible, to evaluate events. Their ultimate goal is to promote public control over the government.We have witnessed fundamental changes in the communication model, because anyone can become a "small" media. Electronic technologies created new possibilities for reproduction of image or text: sign, sound, motion, picture and text are combined. "New Media" is all forms of data transmission via the Internet, it covers all of the new technologies in communications, such as: web-sites, e-mail and etc., and "social media" such as services where users interact with content (e.g., communication in blogs or social networks). Thus, new media includes social media.Social Media is Internet services designed for mass distribution of content, where the content is generated by users themselves. An author may be any one, and that is opposed to traditional media, where the author is the preselected and limited number of people. If you use a typology of media space by H. McLuhan ("hot" and "cold" – by the degree of activity and of the audience feedback presence), then social media is the hottest type.There are following types of social media: social networks; blogs and microblogs; forums; feedback-sites; photo and video sharing; geo-social services. Social networking and blogging are the most effective among social media. In 2014 there were approx. 862 million websites and personal blogs.Social media is more dispersed and decentralized, less hierarchical compared to traditional media. It is relatively inexpensive or free. Its absolute advantage is the speed of disclosure (instantly). Publication or TV and radio programs after release cannot be changed and modified with social media editing and comments. As social media is characterized by self-organization, the result of the user's activity may be unknown even to user himself.Social media is interactive, convergent electronic media with a particular user-generated content; openness to interaction with readers gives them the ability to create or modify the content of the messages. Unlike traditional media where communication is performed on a "one to many" communication scheme, in the new media it is performed on "many to many" scheme. Access to new media is possible with all electronic devices with access to the Internet. Their benefits for civil society in comparison to traditional print and broadcast media: the possibility of feedback; transparency; discussion in the comments to the posts; low financial threshold of entry; creation of content in real time (e.g., Stream broadcast); opportunity to combine several forms of information presentation (audio, video, text); high frequency of publication. At the same time, there is the practical absence of censorship; small role of gatekeepers (who set limits to the content and themes of publications).In determination of the role of social media in the functioning of civil society mood of optimism and cyberpessimism are combined. The first one considers the Internet as a free medium with lack of control, a precondition for the development of democracy, the ability to enhance social connections for all (including people with disabilities), mass education, the possibility of a direct appeal to the authorities. Cyber-pessimists fear networks, because of the threat of allpossible negative emotions (extremism, xenophobia, separatism, etc.), the way to control the citizens, degradation of public discourse, virtualization of social interaction, sublimation and violation of privacy. Although cyber threats are really obvious, still benefits of social media for the establishment and functioning of civil society are obvious: they allow users to interact, collaborate, communicate, share information or engage in any other social activity through blogs, wikis, social networks, etc.Despite the problem of unchecked information, social media has a certain level of trust of the audience, so it is actively used in the area of politics and public administration (conducting of various informational campaigns with a wide audience coverage, forming of virtual communities, focus groups and work with them, socialization of online representative public authorities and politicians, socio-political forces, etc.). Production and formation of public opinion, active and effective communication are important social problems of new media that should not be taken as competitors of "old" media, as well as complementary partners in a common cause of formation and development of civil society. ; Аргументируется ключевая роль средств массовой информации в функционировании гражданского общества. Акцентируется внимание на роли социальных медиа в становлении гражданского общества в условиях информационно-коммуникационной революции. Подчеркнуто значение новых возможностей воспроизведения образа, звука, текста благодаря электронным технологиям. Доказывается значение общественного контроля за властью как функции социальных медиа. ; Доводиться ключова роль засобів масової інформації у функціонуванні громадянського суспільства. Акцентується увага на ролі соціальних медіа у становленні громадянського суспільства в умовах інформаційно-комунікаційної революції. Підкреслюється значення нових можливостей відтворення образу, звуку, тексту завдяки електронним технологіям. Наголошується на громадському контролі за владою як функції соціальних медіа.
Through Internet content of Ukrainian new media attempts to analyze journalistic discourse and the use of online toolkits in covering events, their effect on the development of social communication between the Church and society. Key words: social communication, new media, the Church, society. ; Через інтернет-контент українських нових медій здійснено спробу проана-лізувати журналістський дискурс та використання інтернет-інструментаріїв у висвітленні події, їхній ефект на розвиток соціальної комунікації між Церквою та суспільством. Ключові слова: соціальна комунікація, нові медії, Церква, суспільство.
