Protecting the freedom of speech has been at the forefront of every American discussion since the Constitution was first penned. Protection of our first amendment is a prerequisite for freedom, and served as a measure of Democracy even before the inception of the United States of America; but how far can the freedom of speech go? The judicial system has answered many of those concerns through precedent. Cases allow us to continually revise precedents and laws to fairly judge libel across all mediums. Social media and the internet have perplexed lawmakers who must adapt and redefine libel, defamation, or slander to ensure the protection of a human being's character. To understand the modern world of libel, one must understand its past to continue advancements.
This descriptive study aims to explain how netizens discuss various topics related to the 2019 General Election in Indonesia. By taking the case of online discussion on social media platform of Twitter, the author examines some hashtags related to the online campaign of two running president and vice-president candidates, Joko Widodo-Ma'ruf Amin and Prabowo Subianto-Sandiaga Uno. Utilizing social network analytics, the author found that online conversations on Twitter regarding the topics of #DebatPilpres2019, #PrabowoMenangDebat and #DebatPintarJokowi most of the time are dominated by not-so-called popular accounts and might not be associated as political 'buzzers.'; although the Twitter accounts of @jokowi and @prabowo are found to be two most discussed actors within the conversation. Here, the author argues that social media platforms like Twitter serve as mini-publics-where the discourse here is not always in parallel with the mainstream (mass media or people's) opinion. Moreover, people's engagement in political talks on social media as online politics should not be considered as less than an important part of the democratization process in Indonesia. Key words: political communication, hashtag politics, social media analytics, online politics ; Riset deskriptif ini berupaya menjelaskan tentang partisipasi warganet dalam membicarakan beragam topik politik seputar Pemilihan Umum 2019 di Indonesia. Dengan mengambil kasus diskusi online di platform media sosial Twitter, peneliti menganalisis sejumlah hashtag terkait dengan kampanye online dari kedua pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden, Joko Widodo-Ma'ruf Amin dan Prabowo Subianto-Sandiaga Uno. Menggunakan metode penelitian social network analytics, peneliti menemukan bahwa diskusi online di Twitter dalam sejumlah topik seperti #DebatPilpres2019, #PrabowoMenangDebat dan #DebatPintarJokowi seringkali didominasi oleh akun-akun yang tidak selalu popular serta tidak selalu dilakukan oleh 'buzzer' politik; meskipun akun @jokowi dan @prabowo masih merupakan dua tokoh utama yang diperbincangkan dalam diskusi tersebut. Dalam konteks ini, peneliti melihat bahwa media sosial semacam Twitter dapat berperan sebagai mini-publics, di mana diskursus yang hadir tidak harus selalu sejalan dengan wacana dominan (di media massa maupun di masyarakat luas). Selain itu, partisipasi masyarakat dalam berbincang soal politik juga dapat dimaknai sebagai praktik online politics yang tidak kalah pentingnya dalam proses demokratisasi di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: komunikasi politik, hashtag politics, social media analytics, online politics
Protecting the freedom of speech has been at the forefront of every American discussion since the Constitution was first penned. Protection of our first amendment is a prerequisite for freedom, and served as a measure of Democracy even before the inception of the United States of America; but how far can the freedom of speech go? The judicial system has answered many of those concerns through precedent. Cases allow us to continually revise precedents and laws to fairly judge libel across all mediums. Social media and the internet have perplexed lawmakers who must adapt and redefine libel, defamation, or slander to ensure the protection of a human being's character. To understand the modern world of libel, one must understand its past to continue advancements.
As global integration process creates changes and new problem areas around individuals, people try to apply new ways for resilience. One of the methods used in this frame is social organization. Also, one of the most important tools of social organization in today's world is social media which emerge as a result of new communication technologies. The aim of this study is to reveal the role of social media in organizing society. In this context, social organization and social media were primarily defined. Some examples of the use of social media in social action and social organization have been emphasized. Data for the study was collected by using an online questionnaire. Research population of the study was Facebook users in Turkey. The sample of the study uses the convenience incidental sampling. The opinions about the role of social media in the social organization of Facebook users were examined. According to the results of the study, 72% of the participants agree that social media is a powerful tool in organizing social actions. 40% of the respondents think that social media contributes in strengthening democracy. It might be said that participants believe in the power of social media, but they never thought that this power will remain permanent.
The amount of production data generated by social media opportunities that can be exploited by various parties, both government and private sectors to produce the information. Social media data can be used to know the behavior and public perception of the phenomenon or a particular event. To obtain and analyze social media data needed depth knowledge of Internet technology, social media, databases, data structures, information theory, data mining, machine learning, until the data and information visualization techniques. In this research, social media analysis on a particular topic and the development of prototype devices software used as a tool of social media data retrieval or retrieval of data applications. Social Media Analytics (SMA) aims to make the process of analysis and synthesis of social media data to produce information can be used by those in need. SMA process is done in three stages, namely: Capture, Understand and Present. This research is exploratorily focused on understanding the technology that became the basis of social media using various techniques exist and is already used in the study of social media analytic previously.
All parts of human communication existence has been improved through the use of new media technologies and especially through the use of social media which is reflected directly and indirectly on social innovations sui generis. Social innovation should be the game of ideas of equal interaction of different subject using the special life within the life that exists in the virtual world of new technologies. To able to use social media in proper way within social innovation process we have to take into the account that social media are: cheapest form of interaction; accessibility – everybody can be involved within social innovation through social media networks – previously it was reserved only for the organizations well equipped with equipment and personnel. Social media can be used for producing opportunities for creative construction of a new model of citizen participation through education within social innovation process while, in the same time, journalists becomes a mediators of democratic participations of citizens. Social networks have emerged as a critical factor in information dissemination, search, marketing and influence discovery. The capacity of any society to create of steady flow of social innovations depends on a huge amount of presumptions even to be able to link and interact, in proper way, of social media and social innovation, but it is very difficult to control social media, regardless how skilled individuals are involved as a starting point of social innovation dissemination. So, where is the solution? Within the society as the whole, having in mind that manipulation should be replaced with transparency and responsibility of each step of social innovation process through social media. Why? The one word is the answer – it creates TRUST. Creation of transparency and responsibility is both, direct and indirect creation of the most important issues for the proper existence of society – TRUST in the existence system. The most important for connecting people, ideas and resources, within the field of the use of digital technology, are the intermediaries. Namely, those are the social networks which will connect people, ideas and resources for the social innovations, through social media and interacting with them. Of course, within Social media and Social innovations the most important intermediaries are the people, depending on their wishes and capabilities to do the change and to be a change – for the benefit of the society as the whole.
All parts of human communication existence has been improved through the use of new media technologies and especially through the use of social media which is reflected directly and indirectly on social innovations sui generis. Social innovation should be the game of ideas of equal interaction of different subject using the special life within the life that exists in the virtual world of new technologies. To able to use social media in proper way within social innovation process we have to take into the account that social media are: cheapest form of interaction; accessibility – everybody can be involved within social innovation through social media networks – previously it was reserved only for the organizations well equipped with equipment and personnel. Social media can be used for producing opportunities for creative construction of a new model of citizen participation through education within social innovation process while, in the same time, journalists becomes a mediators of democratic participations of citizens. Social networks have emerged as a critical factor in information dissemination, search, marketing and influence discovery. The capacity of any society to create of steady flow of social innovations depends on a huge amount of presumptions even to be able to link and interact, in proper way, of social media and social innovation, but it is very difficult to control social media, regardless how skilled individuals are involved as a starting point of social innovation dissemination. So, where is the solution? Within the society as the whole, having in mind that manipulation should be replaced with transparency and responsibility of each step of social innovation process through social media. Why? The one word is the answer – it creates TRUST. Creation of transparency and responsibility is both, direct and indirect creation of the most important issues for the proper existence of society – TRUST in the existence system. The most important for connecting people, ideas and resources, within the field of the use of digital technology, are the intermediaries. Namely, those are the social networks which will connect people, ideas and resources for the social innovations, through social media and interacting with them. Of course, within Social media and Social innovations the most important intermediaries are the people, depending on their wishes and capabilities to do the change and to be a change – for the benefit of the society as the whole.
This book presents an ethnographic study of social media in Mardin, a medium-sized town located in the Kurdish region of Turkey. The town is inhabited mainly by Sunni Muslim Arabs and Kurds, and has been transformed in recent years by urbanisation, neoliberalism and political events. Elisabetta Costa uses her 15 months of ethnographic research to explain why public-facing social media is more conservative than offline life. Yet, at the same time, social media has opened up unprecedented possibilities for private communications between genders and in relationships among young people – Costa reveals new worlds of intimacy, love and romance. She also discovers that, when viewed from the perspective of people's everyday lives, political participation on social media looks very different to how it is portrayed in studies of political postings separated from their original complex, and highly socialised, context.
Social media platforms have empowered the democratization of the pulse of people in the modern era. Due to its immense popularity and high usage, data published on social media sites (e.g., Twitter, Facebook and Tumblr) is a rich ocean of information. Therefore data-driven analytics of social imprints has become a vital asset for organisations and governments to further improve their products and services. However, due to the dynamic and noisy nature of social media data, performing accurate analysis on raw data is a challenging task. A key requirement is to curate the raw data before fed into analytics pipelines. This curation process transforms the raw data into contextualized data and knowledge. We propose a data curation pipeline, namely CrowdCorrect, to enable analysts cleansing and curating social data and preparing it for reliable analytics. Our pipeline provides an automatic feature extraction from a corpus of social media data using existing in-house tools. Further, we offer a dual-correction mechanism using both automated and crowd- sourced approaches. The implementation of this pipeline also includes a set of tools for automatically creating micro- tasks to facilitate the contribution of crowd users in curating the raw data. For the purposes of this research, we use Twitter as our motivational social media data platform due to its popularity.
Over the past decade, social media platforms have penetrated deeply into the mechanics of everyday life, affecting people's informal interactions, as well as institutional structures and professional routines. Far from being neutral platforms for everyone, social media have changed the conditions and rules of social interaction. In this article, we examine the intricate dynamic between social media platforms, mass media, users, and social institutions by calling attention to social media logic—the norms, strategies, mechanisms, and economies—underpinning its dynamics. This logic will be considered in light of what has been identified as mass media logic, which has helped spread the media's powerful discourse outside its institutional boundaries. Theorizing social media logic, we identify four grounding principles—programmability, popularity, connectivity, and datafication—and argue that these principles become increasingly entangled with mass media logic. The logic of social media, rooted in these grounding principles and strategies, is gradually invading all areas of public life. Besides print news and broadcasting, it also affects law and order, social activism, politics, and so forth. Therefore, its sustaining logic and widespread dissemination deserve to be scrutinized in detail in order to better understand its impact in various domains. Concentrating on the tactics and strategies at work in social media logic, we reassess the constellation of power relationships in which social practices unfold, raising questions such as: How does social media logic modify or enhance existing mass media logic? And how is this new media logic exported beyond the boundaries of (social or mass) media proper? The underlying principles, tactics, and strategies may be relatively simple to identify, but it is much harder to map the complex connections between platforms that distribute this logic: users that employ them, technologies that drive them, economic structures that scaffold them, and institutional bodies that incorporate them.
As with other technical revolutions before it, such as the printing press, radio, and telephone, social media has changed the way in which people communicate. Due to cases involving the use of social media by employees, among other reasons, the often little-known National Labor Relations Board ("NLRB" or "Board") has become the center of national media attention. In the cases involving social media, the Board simply applies well-established, decades-old legal principles. Yet, employers, business groups, and the media have portrayed the Board as deviating from long-standing precedent, overstepping its role in regulating employment, and misunderstanding the impact of social media. However, no federal Circuit Court, to which Board decisions are appealed, has yet denied enforcement of a Board decision in a case involving social media. While other scholars have contributed to the buzz surrounding the Board's decisions by arguing that the Board has been incorrect to apply its precedent to social media because social media differs from prior technology, this Article argues that the Board has properly used its wealth of expertise gained from many decades of enforcing labor management relations to extend its precedent in a flexible manner to this new technology. This Article first summarizes the Board's decisions and guidance about employees' use of social media and employer policies regulating the use of social media. It then discusses four simple clarifications that the Board should make in future decisions in order to make its regulation easier for employers and employees to understand and follow. First, the Board should clarify that any time more than one employee is involved in a social media discussion, the employees act concertedly. Second, the Board should clarify that employees act for mutual aid and protection when they discuss working conditions, whether or not they explicitly focus on improving those conditions. Third, the Board should clarify how it will determine when employees engaged in otherwise protected concerted activity lose the protection of the National Labor Relations Act due to the egregious nature of their social media use. Finally, the Board should clarify whether provision-specific disclaimers providing concrete examples of what constitutes protected concerted activity will be effective to render a social media policy legal. These clarifications will enhance the likelihood of continued enforcement of Board decisions involving social media by the Circuit Courts. Moreover, these clarifications have not been discussed in articles written by other scholars and, thus, contribute to the growing literature on this topic.
The Internet is an instrument that has revolutionized the world and the society since its introduction. Today, over 4 billion people around the world have access to it. While this technology comes with several positive innovations, it can also be used negatively by terrorist organizations to more efficiently spread propaganda messages. More so, the development of social media has fostered new methods of recruitment that allows to reach a broader audience anonymously and outside of the geographical area of operation of a terrorist organization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between social media development and changes in terrorist recruitment strategies, discuss the main social media used for terrorist recruitment, and identify major targeted demographics. Further, the research seeks to analyze through case study examination whether the use of social media by terrorist organizations result in more effective recruitment. This is accomplished by comparing recruiting success of ISIS, which heavily relies on social media, with Boko Haram, which does not. After comparing data available on recruits based on their geographical location, gender and age, and economic status, this study finds that there is not a significant diversity between individuals recruited through social media or those recruited through a different method. This study finds that a significant difference only exists when recruiting individuals with different economic opportunities. While fighters from ISIS are recruited from any class of the society, including those with higher income and are more educated, Boko Haram tends to be more successful among individuals who experience economic hurdles. ; 2017-05-01 ; B.A. ; College of Sciences, Political Science ; Bachelors ; This record was generated from author submitted information.
Since the popularisation of the internet, low-income Brazilians have received little government support to help them access it. In response, they have largely self-financed their digital migration. Internet cafés became prosperous businesses in working-class neighbourhoods and rural settlements, and, more recently, families have aspired to buy their own home computer with hire purchase agreements. As low-income Brazilians began to access popular social media sites in the mid-2000s, affluent Brazilians ridiculed their limited technological skills, different tastes and poor schooling, but this did not deter them from expanding their online presence. Young people created profiles for barely literate older relatives and taught them to navigate platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Based on 15 months of ethnographic research, this book aims to understand why low-income Brazilians have invested so much of their time and money in learning about social media. Juliano Spyer explores this question from a number of perspectives, including education, relationships, work and politics. He argues that social media is the way for low-income Brazilians to stay connected to the family and friends they see in person on a regular basis, which suggests that social media serves a crucial function in strengthening traditional social relations
