Suchergebnisse

The paper looks into the social aspects of life cycle management (LCM) in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development is regarded as a comprehensive set of strategies enabling the satisfaction of social, material and spiritual needs of people through economic tools and technology while respecting environmental limits. To make this possible in the global scale of the contemporary world, it is necessary to re-define their social and political institutions and processes at the local, regional and global level. Sustainable development is unthinkable not only without the balance in the environmental respect; the balance in the social and economic areas is of equal importance. Social responsibility can be viewed as a parallel to a philosophy in which businesses are committed to sustainable development. Promoting social responsibility within the business can influence activities in the product life cycle. Social aspects, such as safe workplaces or organisations protecting the rights of workers are becoming prominent with increasing frequency as modern requirements. The aim of the paper is to describe and introduce management tools and systems, if they exist, that enable a successful life cycle management with a focus on social aspects. Key issues in relation to LCM will be: Which social elements can be included in LCM? Which aspects are to be included in the social "pillar" of sustainable development? etc. The result should be an adequate approach integrating the social, environmental and economic aspects in LCM.

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the accountants' perspective in inclusivity in social aspects that one of the goals in project of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in term of achieving sustainable development. Methodology – Questionnaire and content analysis methods were applied for the purpose of the study. A total 72 respondents of Indonesian accountants in year 2015 from 5 different category (public accountant, management accountant, education accountant, tax accountant, and government accountant) provided their perspective by ranking of understanding and importance in inclusivity in social aspect. Findings - It finds that perspective of accountants in understanding about inclusivity in social aspect is in the range of strong and very strong, also, the importance to get involved in social aspect is in the range of strong to very strong. The most findings are accountants stated that conquering the corruption is very important to achieve sustainable development through following ethical conduct, be responsible and transparent, obeying the rule, and becoming whistle blower in any unfair cases. Research limitations - This study is limited only discussing the goal number 16 about inclusivity in social aspects from 17 goals in SDG, also the respondents are only 72 accountants that domicile in Jakarta and surronded, not covering all accountants in Indonesia. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainable Development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Dykan O.V., Mashchenko M.А. SOCIAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETYPurpose. The aim of the article is the determination of the social variant of environmental safety and analysis of the indicators of the overall mechanism for evaluating social threats in the prolonged study to ensure the environmental safety of the state.Methodology of research. The methods of analysis and synthesis, graphical and analytical method of research are used in the article for determining the indicators of the criterion assessment of social security, social component, an assessment of social threats.Findings. It is established that the formation of new social and economic relations in Ukraine on the basis of reforming the social and economic model requires an understanding of approaches and the development of the concept of national security, and within the framework of the general concept, the substantiation of the main provisions of Ukraine's environmental security.The importance of the social variant of environmental safety has been determined and the necessity of implementation of the complex results of social and ecological and economic research in the general state strategy for reforming the social and economic model and the further implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development have been substantiated.It is proved that one of the most important approaches to achieve invariant safety is the introduction of a developed general mechanism for assessing social threats based on selected indicators and criterion assessments.Originality. It is substantiated that one of the most important approaches to achieve invariant safety is defined in the article and the author has developed a general mechanism for assessing social threats based on selected indicators and criterion assessments.Practical value. The obtained results of the research are aimed at supporting a sufficient standard of living of the population; provision of social and political security of society; maintaining the foundations of the constitutional system; formation of a stable system of national values and interests.Key words: environmental safety; social security; social and ecological economic approach; state.

Metadata only record ; This book is a collection of papers presented at a workshop titled 'Listening to the people: social aspects of dryland management,' held in Nairobi, Kenya, 14-18 December 1993. The event was organized by the Desertification Control Programme Activity Centre of UNEP to develop a better understanding of community participation and bottom-up development. A primary goal of the workshop was to formulate recommendations of what needs to be done to achieve sustainable development in the drylands. A prerequisite for the success of any intervention affecting a local community is that the planners recognize the institutions, systems of indigenous knowledge and management structures that already exist. The papers and discussions of the workshop analyse the experiences of over three decades of attempts by governments, donor agencies and non-governmental organizations to promote economic development in the drylands of developing countries. Six sections of the book cover: (1) the social dimensions and concepts of desertification; (2) participatory approaches and methods related to development of the drylands; (3) social aspects of dryland management; (4) indigenous knowledge; (5) gender issues in natural resource management; and (6) the importance of government policies in dryland management. (CAB Abstracts)

The interdisciplinary field of neurorobotics looks to neuroscience to overcome the limitations of modern robotics technology, to robotics to advance our understanding of the neural system's inner workings, and to information technology to develop tools that support those complementary endeavours. The development of these technologies is still at an early stage, which makes them an ideal candidate for proactive and anticipatory ethical reflection. This article explains the current state of neurorobotics development within the Human Brain Project, originating from a close collaboration between the scientific and technical experts who drive neurorobotics innovation, and the humanities and social sciences scholars who provide contextualising and reflective capabilities. This article discusses some of the ethical issues which can reasonably be expected. On this basis, the article explores possible gaps identified within this collaborative, ethical reflection that calls for attention to ensure that the development of neurorobotics is ethically sound and socially acceptable and desirable. ; European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Framework Programme 720270 785907 945539

International audience ; The interest for hesychasm was often limited to the factual and theoretical aspects of the controversy. Although hesychasm is the object of many works in the corpus of studies of Byzantine theology, its social roots and societal ramifications have largely been neglected. From its purely monastic state in the fourth century, hesychasm came to shape a particular style of civilization at the end of the fourteenth century. The subjects of political and social order were inevitably included in the theological aspects of the hesychast quarrel. While the manner in which those subjects arose may have been accidental, they can in no case be treated as incidental. The new leaders of the Byzantine Church from then on had to tie their mysticism into immediate historical practice. Νο matter how much these hesychast leaders may have been influenced by Athonite traditions and anachorite practices, and however much they might have deplored 'worldliness', they were nevertheless obliged to exercise their influence in temporal matters. It is this translation of a piety into an often political, sometimes administrative and always social form, which is the aim of this paper.

International audience ; The interest for hesychasm was often limited to the factual and theoretical aspects of the controversy. Although hesychasm is the object of many works in the corpus of studies of Byzantine theology, its social roots and societal ramifications have largely been neglected. From its purely monastic state in the fourth century, hesychasm came to shape a particular style of civilization at the end of the fourteenth century. The subjects of political and social order were inevitably included in the theological aspects of the hesychast quarrel. While the manner in which those subjects arose may have been accidental, they can in no case be treated as incidental. The new leaders of the Byzantine Church from then on had to tie their mysticism into immediate historical practice. Νο matter how much these hesychast leaders may have been influenced by Athonite traditions and anachorite practices, and however much they might have deplored 'worldliness', they were nevertheless obliged to exercise their influence in temporal matters. It is this translation of a piety into an often political, sometimes administrative and always social form, which is the aim of this paper.

Thank you to Jeanne Sept, Dean of Faculties,and Dean Geraldo Gonzalez and Sarah Baumgart at the School of Education, Indiana University. ; Teaching children with autism presents an enormous challenge to educators. Professionals who have students with autism in their classrooms must decide how they will structure their curriculum to meet the special needs of these students. Current research suggests that educators should focus on developing the social behaviors of children with autism. In fact, much of the research on teaching autism does not focus on strategies and theories for teaching students specific subjects. Instead, most articles suggest that social learning serves as a foundation for all other learning in the education system. This type of research and philosophy seemed to be making headway in America's schools until the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001(NCLB). This powerful piece of federal legislation intends to level the playing field for all demographic groups, including special education groups. Contrary to its own goals, the NCLB actually places students with autism at a disadvantage because of its emphasis on academic standards and goals at the expense of social aspects of education for students with autism. Under NCLB, educators have very few opportunities to build a solid social behavior foundation within their students with autism. In short, children with autism seem to be back where they started prior to the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) provision of a Free and Appropriate Education (FAPE). ; Dean of Faculties and School of Education, Indiana Univeristy

This paper overviews previous research addressing the inclusion of the, social dimension of sustainable development on power systems planning. Consequences of the recent energy policies and strategies are already being felt in, developed countries' power systems, with the integration of rising quotas in renewable, energy technologies. However, while the tools that aid decision making on power, planning show that economic and environmental issues are easily quantifiable and thus, modeled, social concerns have been addressed in a less extensive and more, subjective way, implying in most cases expert participation on multi-criteria decision aid, techniques. A survey of recent papers providing public perceptions on electricity, generation technologies and projects is presented. These papers were chosen and, reviewed in order to present a representative array of methodologies that are used to, assess social acceptance of technologies. According to some of the reviewed papers, this issue is suggested to be fundamental to increase project success. As a conclusion, stands the fact that further discussion is still needed in order to achieve solid, agreement, among experts, over what are the positive and the negative drivers to, social sustainability; otherwise models will not be able to translate reality and improve it, under this point of view. ; This work was financed by: the QREN – Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors, the European Union – European Regional Development Fund and National Funds - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under Project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-011377 and Project ...

The concept of "leadership" has become widely used in the social sciences after K.Levin experiments (USA, 30th years). He proposed a model for the implementation of changes identified three leadership styles (authoritarian, democratic and anarchist) and proved their direct impact on the "cluster environment» (Lewin, 1951). From this period, the term leadership is firmly embedded in psychological science. In 1943, psychologist K.Craik, continuing the development of ideas about the relationship with the leader of the group, suggested that all events are translated into the internal model, and that people use these models to evaluate external events. This communication theory suggests that people perceive the world through the prism of their psychological perception, and not just the outside world as a whole, despite the fact that they can feel that. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n9p714

Presented at Competing interests in water resources - searching for consensus: proceedings from the USCID water management conference held on December 5-7, 1996 in Las Vegas, Nevada. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Carbon emissions from the use of fossil fuels are increasing. Global warming continues resulting in more violent and destructive storms. The world population is increasing by nearly 90 million annually. Forests are rapidly being destroyed in the developing countries. Irrigated area per capita and food grain production are declining. The competition from the cities for water is increasing. Many aquifers are being polluted and/or over pumped. However, deforestation, soil erosion, population growth, and flooding decrease with water resources and other economic developments. Large new areas can be brought into agricultural production through the construction of irrigation and drainage facilities. There are many good sites for large dams in the developing countries. These dams can be used for hydropower, flood storage, irrigation supplies, and domestic water. Hydropower is clean energy and should be substituted for a large portion of the present use of fossil fuels. Benefits from fertilizers increase with increasing availability of water. Governments and politicians are poor managers of water resources. Many large development possibilities are international in scope. Electrical grids should be more interconnected and possibly continental in scope. Few if any developing countries have an institutional capacity for coordinated water resources developments. The international lending agencies should give priority to the financing of national and international water resources development authorities that at least partially privatize water resource management. Also priority should be given to those projects and activities that improve the environment.

BACKGROUND/AIMS—Landmines have long been used in conventional warfare. These are antipersonnel mines which continue to injure people long after a ceasefire without differentiating between friend or foe, soldier or civilian, women or children. This study focuses on Afghan non-combatants engaged in mine clearing operations in Afghanistan in the aftermath of the Russo-Afghan war. The patterns and types of injuries seen are described and experiences in their management, ways, and means to prevent them, and recommendations for the rehabilitation of the affected individuals are given. METHODS—It is a retrospective and analytical study of 84 patients aged 19-56 years who sustained mine blast injuries during mine clearing operations in Afghanistan from November 1992 to January 1996. The study was carried out at a military hospital with tertiary care facilities. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of their injuries. Group 1 required only general surgical attention, group 2 sustained only ocular injuries, while group 3 had combined ocular and general injuries. Patients in groups 2 and 3 were treated in two phases. The first phase aimed at immediate restoration of the anatomy, while restoration of function wherever possible was done in subsequent surgical procedures in the second phase. RESULTS—It was observed that 51 out of 84 patients (60.7%) had sustained ocular trauma of a variable degree as a result of the blasts. The mean age of the victims was 29 years and they were all male. A total of 91 eyes of 51 patients (89.2%) had been damaged. Bilaterality of damage was seen in 40 (78.4%) patients. Most, 34 (37.3%), eyes became totally blind (NPL). Only a few escaped with injury mild enough not to impair vision. Foreign bodies, small and multiple, were found in the majority of eyes; most, however, were found in the anterior segment, and posterior segment injuries were proportionally less. CONCLUSIONS—The prevalence of blindness caused by mine blast injuries is quite high. The resulting psychosocial ...

The urgency of the problem under study is conditioned by the need to study the state of interethnic and interreligious relations in polyethnic and poly-confessional regions of Russian Federation. The aim of the article is to analyze the situation in the sphere of interethnic and interreligious relations in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2016. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the poly-paradigm methodology. The article gives the description of interethnic and interconfessional relations in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2014-2016, the comparative data on the largest cities of the republic are given. A particular attention is paid to the analysis of migrant perception peculiarities by the local population. The materials of the article can be useful for ethnologists, social and cultural anthropologists, political scientists, as well as for the representatives of the bodies and structures responsible for the issues of interethnic interaction. ; peer-reviewed

The global financial crisis has revealed structural weaknesses within Serbia's economic and social systems, which have heightened concerns for their long-term sustainability. The crisis has also been accompanied by a sharp decline in the national GDP, the deterioration of the national labour market, an increase in poverty rates, and adverse social consequences commonly pinned to economic frailty. Short-term measures to mitigate the negative effects of the crisis have only partially succeeded. Serbian social reforms in the previous decade incorporated profound changes to the state's pension and health care systems, unemployment protections, social welfare, etc. National social policies have likewise been reformed under the broader framework of European harmonization and the country's orientation towards EU accession. Yet the underwhelming results in all areas of social reform suggest that Serbia continues to fall further behind EU standards – a fact which has only intensified since the crisis began.

Bibliography: pages 201-214. ; Environmental degradation is widely regarded as an integral part of South Africa's homeland areas. Conventional thinking often blames so-called traditional farming practices, attitudes and values for this situation. In other words, the blame is placed with the residents of the areas and environmental degradation is explained away as the result of a particular cultural make-up. Following this line of thought, education via agricultural extension is mooted as the primary solution to what is regarded as an inherent problem. The central concern of this dissertation is to examine the dynamics of natural resource management by residents of a rural area in KwaZulu known as oBivane. The thesis shows that the conditions leading to environmental degradation are best seen as the result of particular historical and political processes and not simply as the results of particular patterns of behaviour that are culturally driven. These processes, given primary impetus by massive population influx onto a restricted land base and combined with the peculiarities of differential access to resources and the need to preserve the interests of elite groups, have forced sectors of the South African population into situations where physical survival has necessarily had grave environmental cost. One of the consequences of apartheid policies has been to institutionalise environmental degradation in particular areas of the country.