Short description of the paper: To Reveal E.Fromm developed in social and political criticism of the content and its compatibility with the theories of the Frankfurt School. E.Fromm has little attetion in Lithuania as member of Frakfurt school member, so in this work is deeply delves into E.Fromm work as Frankfurt school member and one of the bigest book about destructivness "THE ANATOMY OF HUMAN DESTRUKTIVNESS". Whit this book critical analize I want to emphasize E. Fromm the importance of Frankfurt school member. Objectives: 1. Overview of E. Fromm psychoanalytic theories and psychotherapeutic treatment criticism. 2. Arrange E.Fromm social and political criticism of ideas and content. 3. Analyze E.Fromm anatomy of human destructiveness Frankfurt criticism in the context of Nazism 4. Arrange the Frankfurt school to develop Western Marxism guidelines. 5. Disclose E.Fromm and the Frankfurt School ideas interfaces.
Short description of the paper: To Reveal E.Fromm developed in social and political criticism of the content and its compatibility with the theories of the Frankfurt School. E.Fromm has little attetion in Lithuania as member of Frakfurt school member, so in this work is deeply delves into E.Fromm work as Frankfurt school member and one of the bigest book about destructivness "THE ANATOMY OF HUMAN DESTRUKTIVNESS". Whit this book critical analize I want to emphasize E. Fromm the importance of Frankfurt school member. Objectives: 1. Overview of E. Fromm psychoanalytic theories and psychotherapeutic treatment criticism. 2. Arrange E.Fromm social and political criticism of ideas and content. 3. Analyze E.Fromm anatomy of human destructiveness Frankfurt criticism in the context of Nazism 4. Arrange the Frankfurt school to develop Western Marxism guidelines. 5. Disclose E.Fromm and the Frankfurt School ideas interfaces.
Short description of the paper: To Reveal E.Fromm developed in social and political criticism of the content and its compatibility with the theories of the Frankfurt School. E.Fromm has little attetion in Lithuania as member of Frakfurt school member, so in this work is deeply delves into E.Fromm work as Frankfurt school member and one of the bigest book about destructivness "THE ANATOMY OF HUMAN DESTRUKTIVNESS". Whit this book critical analize I want to emphasize E. Fromm the importance of Frankfurt school member. Objectives: 1. Overview of E. Fromm psychoanalytic theories and psychotherapeutic treatment criticism. 2. Arrange E.Fromm social and political criticism of ideas and content. 3. Analyze E.Fromm anatomy of human destructiveness Frankfurt criticism in the context of Nazism 4. Arrange the Frankfurt school to develop Western Marxism guidelines. 5. Disclose E.Fromm and the Frankfurt School ideas interfaces.
The topic and problem of the dissertation is very interesting and important in Lithuanian context. Lithuania has its own military forces only for twenty years, so minor empirical studies concerning military psychology have been conducted. The empirical research provides interdisciplinary insights and implications, useful not only for military contexts but also for organizational psychology in the field of team performance. The author of the dissertation has made the important step towards development of understanding the relationship between team cohesion, trust, perceived self and collective efficacy, stress and performance efficacy.
The topic and problem of the dissertation is very interesting and important in Lithuanian context. Lithuania has its own military forces only for twenty years, so minor empirical studies concerning military psychology have been conducted. The empirical research provides interdisciplinary insights and implications, useful not only for military contexts but also for organizational psychology in the field of team performance. The author of the dissertation has made the important step towards development of understanding the relationship between team cohesion, trust, perceived self and collective efficacy, stress and performance efficacy.
[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] Different sides of the development of psychology as a science, a teaching subject and a professional activity in Lithuania during the 100-year period are analyzed and discussed. This analysis is performed in the context of the institutionalization of the modern Lithuanian State. The three main premises of the development of psychology in Lithuania are revealed: the sociopolitical and economical context of state, the influence of the global field of psychology and the activities of the enthusiasts of profession. The extent of development of psychology in Lituania during the different periods of Lithuanian history of last 100 years of its existance is evaluated according to 10 criteria of recognizing the profession: 1) Social need; 2) State regulation of the profession; 3) Legislative basis of the profession; 4) Trust by society and authority; 5) Control of professional competence; 6) Being included in a classification of scienes and a scientific studies system; 7) Education (teaching and training) of the profession; 8) Professional and scientiffic communication (journals, conferences); 9) Values and professional ethics; 10) Professional self-regulation (professional NGO). The development of psychology in Lithuania can be divided in stages according to the context of the modern state's development events: 1) Before the year 1918 (the period of arousal and enlightenment in psychological culture); 2) The years 1918–1940 (start of the institutionalization of psychology in the First Republic of Lithuania); 3) The years 1940–1944 (an empty, topsyturvy-esque or confused of social and economical life stage during the Second World War); 4) The years 1945–1988 (an unsettled stage of training and researches in psychology with stabilization after when psychologists were begun to be educated at Vilnius University in 1969); 5) The years 1989–2018 (a dissociation from the Russian academic field of psychology and an independent development with the rising ifluence of Western academic psychological influences). The names of the main enthusiasts of the institutionalization of psychology in Lithuania during the five listed stages are presented. The main persons from this list were Alfonsas Gučas (1907–1988), Jonas Vabalas-Gudaitis (1881–1955), Vladas Lazersonas (1889–1945) and Juvencijus Lapė (1925–1911). The main conclusion of paper is that psychology in Lithuania, during the 100-year period, was developed according to all 10 criteria; it was reasonably adapted to the national state culture and infrastructure. In other words, at the present time, we can speak and write not only about the development of psychology in Lithuania but about a Lithuanian psychology – a nationally indigenized profession. Eleven features of indeginized psychology are also listed.
[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] Different sides of the development of psychology as a science, a teaching subject and a professional activity in Lithuania during the 100-year period are analyzed and discussed. This analysis is performed in the context of the institutionalization of the modern Lithuanian State. The three main premises of the development of psychology in Lithuania are revealed: the sociopolitical and economical context of state, the influence of the global field of psychology and the activities of the enthusiasts of profession. The extent of development of psychology in Lituania during the different periods of Lithuanian history of last 100 years of its existance is evaluated according to 10 criteria of recognizing the profession: 1) Social need; 2) State regulation of the profession; 3) Legislative basis of the profession; 4) Trust by society and authority; 5) Control of professional competence; 6) Being included in a classification of scienes and a scientific studies system; 7) Education (teaching and training) of the profession; 8) Professional and scientiffic communication (journals, conferences); 9) Values and professional ethics; 10) Professional self-regulation (professional NGO). The development of psychology in Lithuania can be divided in stages according to the context of the modern state's development events: 1) Before the year 1918 (the period of arousal and enlightenment in psychological culture); 2) The years 1918–1940 (start of the institutionalization of psychology in the First Republic of Lithuania); 3) The years 1940–1944 (an empty, topsyturvy-esque or confused of social and economical life stage during the Second World War); 4) The years 1945–1988 (an unsettled stage of training and researches in psychology with stabilization after when psychologists were begun to be educated at Vilnius University in 1969); 5) The years 1989–2018 (a dissociation from the Russian academic field of psychology and an independent development with the rising ifluence of Western academic psychological influences). The names of the main enthusiasts of the institutionalization of psychology in Lithuania during the five listed stages are presented. The main persons from this list were Alfonsas Gučas (1907–1988), Jonas Vabalas-Gudaitis (1881–1955), Vladas Lazersonas (1889–1945) and Juvencijus Lapė (1925–1911). The main conclusion of paper is that psychology in Lithuania, during the 100-year period, was developed according to all 10 criteria; it was reasonably adapted to the national state culture and infrastructure. In other words, at the present time, we can speak and write not only about the development of psychology in Lithuania but about a Lithuanian psychology – a nationally indigenized profession. Eleven features of indeginized psychology are also listed.
[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] Different sides of the development of psychology as a science, a teaching subject and a professional activity in Lithuania during the 100-year period are analyzed and discussed. This analysis is performed in the context of the institutionalization of the modern Lithuanian State. The three main premises of the development of psychology in Lithuania are revealed: the sociopolitical and economical context of state, the influence of the global field of psychology and the activities of the enthusiasts of profession. The extent of development of psychology in Lituania during the different periods of Lithuanian history of last 100 years of its existance is evaluated according to 10 criteria of recognizing the profession: 1) Social need; 2) State regulation of the profession; 3) Legislative basis of the profession; 4) Trust by society and authority; 5) Control of professional competence; 6) Being included in a classification of scienes and a scientific studies system; 7) Education (teaching and training) of the profession; 8) Professional and scientiffic communication (journals, conferences); 9) Values and professional ethics; 10) Professional self-regulation (professional NGO). The development of psychology in Lithuania can be divided in stages according to the context of the modern state's development events: 1) Before the year 1918 (the period of arousal and enlightenment in psychological culture); 2) The years 1918–1940 (start of the institutionalization of psychology in the First Republic of Lithuania); 3) The years 1940–1944 (an empty, topsyturvy-esque or confused of social and economical life stage during the Second World War); 4) The years 1945–1988 (an unsettled stage of training and researches in psychology with stabilization after when psychologists were begun to be educated at Vilnius University in 1969); 5) The years 1989–2018 (a dissociation from the Russian academic field of psychology and an independent development with the rising ifluence of Western academic psychological influences). The names of the main enthusiasts of the institutionalization of psychology in Lithuania during the five listed stages are presented. The main persons from this list were Alfonsas Gučas (1907–1988), Jonas Vabalas-Gudaitis (1881–1955), Vladas Lazersonas (1889–1945) and Juvencijus Lapė (1925–1911). The main conclusion of paper is that psychology in Lithuania, during the 100-year period, was developed according to all 10 criteria; it was reasonably adapted to the national state culture and infrastructure. In other words, at the present time, we can speak and write not only about the development of psychology in Lithuania but about a Lithuanian psychology – a nationally indigenized profession. Eleven features of indeginized psychology are also listed.
[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] Different sides of the development of psychology as a science, a teaching subject and a professional activity in Lithuania during the 100-year period are analyzed and discussed. This analysis is performed in the context of the institutionalization of the modern Lithuanian State. The three main premises of the development of psychology in Lithuania are revealed: the sociopolitical and economical context of state, the influence of the global field of psychology and the activities of the enthusiasts of profession. The extent of development of psychology in Lituania during the different periods of Lithuanian history of last 100 years of its existance is evaluated according to 10 criteria of recognizing the profession: 1) Social need; 2) State regulation of the profession; 3) Legislative basis of the profession; 4) Trust by society and authority; 5) Control of professional competence; 6) Being included in a classification of scienes and a scientific studies system; 7) Education (teaching and training) of the profession; 8) Professional and scientiffic communication (journals, conferences); 9) Values and professional ethics; 10) Professional self-regulation (professional NGO). The development of psychology in Lithuania can be divided in stages according to the context of the modern state's development events: 1) Before the year 1918 (the period of arousal and enlightenment in psychological culture); 2) The years 1918–1940 (start of the institutionalization of psychology in the First Republic of Lithuania); 3) The years 1940–1944 (an empty, topsyturvy-esque or confused of social and economical life stage during the Second World War); 4) The years 1945–1988 (an unsettled stage of training and researches in psychology with stabilization after when psychologists were begun to be educated at Vilnius University in 1969); 5) The years 1989–2018 (a dissociation from the Russian academic field of psychology and an independent development with the rising ifluence of Western academic psychological influences). The names of the main enthusiasts of the institutionalization of psychology in Lithuania during the five listed stages are presented. The main persons from this list were Alfonsas Gučas (1907–1988), Jonas Vabalas-Gudaitis (1881–1955), Vladas Lazersonas (1889–1945) and Juvencijus Lapė (1925–1911). The main conclusion of paper is that psychology in Lithuania, during the 100-year period, was developed according to all 10 criteria; it was reasonably adapted to the national state culture and infrastructure. In other words, at the present time, we can speak and write not only about the development of psychology in Lithuania but about a Lithuanian psychology – a nationally indigenized profession. Eleven features of indeginized psychology are also listed.
Interest in social cohesion phenomenon in Lithuania is connected with common European Union's policy, the main aim of which is to reduce social – economic inequality between member states of the European Union and in the member states itself. Cohesion policy is tending to be presented by fiscal indexes: Gross domestic product, revenues and employment. For implementing cohesion are choosed financial resources – structural assistance from European Union's funds. In the societies where the social coherence is to be taken interest as science's object exist two analytical traditions. The first one is derived from the discipline of academic social sciences, sociology, and exceptionally from social psychology. The specialists of strategic policy explicated the second one, which takes more influence. There are no separate researches of social coherence as phenomenon made in Lithuania and self-phenomenon is realized to narrow. In this paper is discussed conception of social coherence phenomenon, is reviewed various explanations of coherence and inclusive factors, their impact to social order and it's development. In the empirical part of the paper, using comparative principal, is analyzed 2000 and 2004 parliamentary election programs of four traditional Lithuanian political parties (Lithuanian Social Democrats, Homeland Union, Liberal and Central Union, Lithuanian Christian Democrats) in field of social coherence, it's inclusive factors and the provisions of representatives of above mentioned political parties. By implementing comparative research of programs in this paper is using MRG method's principle, which is matching with kontent analysis method. During narrative interview the provisions of questioned representatives of political parties is analyzed by using the methods of qualitative researches. Every interview is transcribed, paraphrased, conceptualized, categorized and interpreted. During the research was found out – traditional political parties almost are not paying direct attention to phenomenon of social coherence but for inclusive factors their paying the huge attention, which is impacted by time topical, ideology and political situation. There was also found out that political parties separate social problems are tend to resolve sporadically, there are lack systematical and complex point of view, which is the most wanted seeking to increase social coherence in society. The most consistent provisions were identified in electoral programs of Christian Democrats. Namely the provisions of Christian Democrats are more oriented in values than in time topicality. Provisions more oriented to the practical operation (time topicality) are identified in those political party's programs which political parties participating in the executive branch prepared. During qualitative interview showed up the problems of social coherence's definition and conception, the lack of systemic point of view, tend of political parties to the electoral rhetoric. Seeking to get comprehensive research of social coherence it would be valuable to analyze provisions and analysis of practical policy of political parties. Unfortunately due to lack of this paper size it was not possible to do.
Interest in social cohesion phenomenon in Lithuania is connected with common European Union's policy, the main aim of which is to reduce social – economic inequality between member states of the European Union and in the member states itself. Cohesion policy is tending to be presented by fiscal indexes: Gross domestic product, revenues and employment. For implementing cohesion are choosed financial resources – structural assistance from European Union's funds. In the societies where the social coherence is to be taken interest as science's object exist two analytical traditions. The first one is derived from the discipline of academic social sciences, sociology, and exceptionally from social psychology. The specialists of strategic policy explicated the second one, which takes more influence. There are no separate researches of social coherence as phenomenon made in Lithuania and self-phenomenon is realized to narrow. In this paper is discussed conception of social coherence phenomenon, is reviewed various explanations of coherence and inclusive factors, their impact to social order and it's development. In the empirical part of the paper, using comparative principal, is analyzed 2000 and 2004 parliamentary election programs of four traditional Lithuanian political parties (Lithuanian Social Democrats, Homeland Union, Liberal and Central Union, Lithuanian Christian Democrats) in field of social coherence, it's inclusive factors and the provisions of representatives of above mentioned political parties. By implementing comparative research of programs in this paper is using MRG method's principle, which is matching with kontent analysis method. During narrative interview the provisions of questioned representatives of political parties is analyzed by using the methods of qualitative researches. Every interview is transcribed, paraphrased, conceptualized, categorized and interpreted. During the research was found out – traditional political parties almost are not paying direct attention to phenomenon of social coherence but for inclusive factors their paying the huge attention, which is impacted by time topical, ideology and political situation. There was also found out that political parties separate social problems are tend to resolve sporadically, there are lack systematical and complex point of view, which is the most wanted seeking to increase social coherence in society. The most consistent provisions were identified in electoral programs of Christian Democrats. Namely the provisions of Christian Democrats are more oriented in values than in time topicality. Provisions more oriented to the practical operation (time topicality) are identified in those political party's programs which political parties participating in the executive branch prepared. During qualitative interview showed up the problems of social coherence's definition and conception, the lack of systemic point of view, tend of political parties to the electoral rhetoric. Seeking to get comprehensive research of social coherence it would be valuable to analyze provisions and analysis of practical policy of political parties. Unfortunately due to lack of this paper size it was not possible to do.
The article discloses that the modern prevalent consciousness of the society (ideology and psychology) predetermines that human rights and freedoms are the most importand value of the modern world.
The article discloses that the modern prevalent consciousness of the society (ideology and psychology) predetermines that human rights and freedoms are the most importand value of the modern world.
The status of a family and its trends are complicated. Our countries current political problems, social tensions generally accumulates, touches and are most visible in the families, especially large families, changing their lifestyle, behavior. Families encounter new problems and wishing to adapt to changes, change their values, lifestyles and thus new family models and family transformations become evident. That way a problem question is formulated: is the states and communities attention to large family problem salving sufficient. The object of the research - large family social and educational problems. The goal of the research - to conduct an analysis of large family social and educational problems and provide recommendations for offering social care. The research methods employed in this work: literature from the fields of science, psychology, law etc., analytical generalization of those documents. Half Standard interview - quality and content analysis, with planned questions and outlines. In the second step of this work, the written survey was used. Survey included additional questions about the problems large families encounter and what help they need. Methods of mathematical statistics was used, along with survey, analyzing the research data. Data was processed with computer programs: Statistical Package for Sočiai Sciences; Kruscal, Wallis tests, Microsoft Excel.
The status of a family and its trends are complicated. Our countries current political problems, social tensions generally accumulates, touches and are most visible in the families, especially large families, changing their lifestyle, behavior. Families encounter new problems and wishing to adapt to changes, change their values, lifestyles and thus new family models and family transformations become evident. That way a problem question is formulated: is the states and communities attention to large family problem salving sufficient. The object of the research - large family social and educational problems. The goal of the research - to conduct an analysis of large family social and educational problems and provide recommendations for offering social care. The research methods employed in this work: literature from the fields of science, psychology, law etc., analytical generalization of those documents. Half Standard interview - quality and content analysis, with planned questions and outlines. In the second step of this work, the written survey was used. Survey included additional questions about the problems large families encounter and what help they need. Methods of mathematical statistics was used, along with survey, analyzing the research data. Data was processed with computer programs: Statistical Package for Sočiai Sciences; Kruscal, Wallis tests, Microsoft Excel.
