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In: Geopolitics, S. 1-24
ISSN: 1557-3028
In: International labor and working class history: ILWCH, S. 1-18
ISSN: 1471-6445
Abstract
Starting from the early 1930s, structural changes in the Bulgarian tobacco industry, prompted by the advent of the world economic crisis and German economic expansionism into Southeastern Europe, led to a deep restructuring of the labor processes, known in the terminology of the time as rationalization, in the Bulgarian tobacco industry. The introduction of the tonga rationalization technology had a deskilling and deeply gendered effect on the industry, making a significant number of skilled male workers redundant, disproportionately decreasing average male wages and leading, in turn, to a further feminization of an already majority-female workforce.
The introduction of the new system provoked a strong response from the organized labor movement, which used a variety of tactics to fight against the new technology: from strikes to petitions to tripartite negotiations. Organized labor's reaction was deeply gendered, an aspect that only becomes truly visible if, in addition to gender and skill, we employ the analytical lens of scale. By following trade union policies on the local, national, and international levels, the article goes beyond the carefully crafted gender-neutral language in official documents to reveal tensions between the conservative attitudes of rank-and-file activists and the official trade union agenda. This is especially evident in communist labor politics, where Bulgarian trade union policies on the local and national levels provoked an intervention on the part of the Profintern between 1930 and 1931. The movement's internal contradictions resulted in a polyvalent, ambiguous, and non-linear trade union policy formed through the clash of and negotiations between local activists' conservative notions of gendered work and family roles and the radical gender program of international communism.
In: Gesellschaft der Unterschiede, 84
In: Social Inclusion, Band 12
China has launched a comprehensive low‐carbon transition strategy at the same time as the concept of just transition is receiving extensive international attention from the academic community. A just transition needs to embrace the interests of workers in the new energy industry as well as those of miners and others facing job losses in traditional industries. Accordingly, this article focuses on how programmers at a new energy vehicle company in Shanghai negotiate wages with their employers. Employers trying to curtail the salaries of programmers find fault with their biographies, qualifications, and experiences to undermine their confidence and create an incentive‐driven competitive work environment. Programmers, in turn, try to improve their bargaining power by demonstrating their professional competence, job hopping, and informally investigating conditions at employing enterprises to take advantage of the competitive relationship between them. The interests of programmers in China's new energy vehicle industry are found to differ from those of Chinese state‐owned enterprise workers and migrant workers. Although individual negotiations can improve the wage levels of specific programmers in the short run, they are not conducive to the emergence of labor solidarity. Moreover, they exacerbate income inequality among workers and fail to bring justice to workers in the new energy industry.
In: Routledge Studies in Eighteenth-Century Cultures and Societies Series
Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of Maps -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Part 1 Mountains and Smuggling -- 1 Salt and the Mountain Economy -- 2 In the Shadow of the State: A Border Economy -- 3 Gender, Household and Illicit Trade -- Part 2 Fashion and Prohibition -- 4 Playing with Space: The Geography of Fraud and Control -- 5 Gender and Sociology of the 'Underworld' -- 6 Smuggling Inside the City -- Part 3 Luxury and Clandestinity -- 7 Gender, Work and Fraud in a Luxury Industry -- 8 Waste or Theft -- 9 Fraud: Protagonists and Settings -- Concluding Remarks -- Selected Bibliography -- Index.
In: SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology; SpringerBriefs in Safety Management
This open access book addresses the idea that there are two ways to go about achieving a safe working environment. The text challenges the prevailing notion that compliance with a rule system, imposed from the top of an organization and designed to anticipate possible hazards in system operation, is really incompatible with the idea that the professional expertise of front-line workers is what promotes safe outcomes despite inevitable unanticipated perturbations. The contributors, drawn from academic and industrial backgrounds, demonstrate that rather than being at odds with each other, rules-compliance and proactivity are in fact complementary resources the coexistence of which increases safety. Furthermore, the implications of this approach extend beyond safety, being relevant to business performance, strategies for innovation and system resilience as well. The book steps back from an exclusive focus on front-line work to explore the way in which compliance and initiative are articulated at different levels within the hierarchy of a firm, right up to that of top management. Further, the contributors analyze the way in which safety authorities, the justice system, and the general public perceive and interpret such strategies, in particular in the aftermath of major events. This book deals with issues of interest to researchers and graduate students in safety science and organization studies and to members of expert bodies and experts in industry and consultancy concerned with similar subjects. ;
In: Interpretive Lenses in Sociology
Written by experts in interpretive sociology, this volume examines semiotic models in a sociological context. Contributors offer case studies to demonstrate how to do things with semiotics. Synthesizing a diverse and fragmented landscape, this is a key reference work for understanding the connection between semiotics and sociology
In: Classic and contemporary Latin American social theory
"Maximiliano Korstanje presents an overview and analysis of the work of the Argentinian Sociologist and physician, José Ingenieros (1877-1925). In fact, José Ingenieros was a seminal scholar who contributed directly to the formation of sociology in Latin America. Born in Palermo, Italy Ingenieros grew up in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He trained in medicine, psychiatry, sociology and philosophy, he devoted much of his life to addressing societal challenges such as mass migration, imperialism, marginality, criminality and social identity. Korstanje takes in turn the key areas of Ingenieros's work and examines how his thinking can be brought to bear on the social challenges of today. In particular his work on mass migration and the "Other" have echoes in the problems facing many countries in the early twenty-first century. A valuable resource for scholars and students looking to better understand this key figure in Argentinian - and Latin American - sociology in the early twentieth century"--
In Cybercrime and Digital Deviance, 2nd Edition, Graham and Smith conceptualize the online space as a distinct environment for social interaction, framing their work with assumptions informed by their respective work in urban sociology and spatial criminology.
In: Mineral Economics
Abstract The mining industry is facing a technological shift with Industry 4.0 creating new conditions for mining. This is often referred to as Mining 4.0. To succeed through the technological shift, the industry need to handle several challenges wisely, such as how to utilise the new digital technology to promote sustainable work environments, how to recruit skilled workers to the industry, and how to manage organisational challenges as a result of the technological shift. This scoping literature review examines a large field of literature on how Mining 4.0 might affect the mining industry in areas such as work environment, competences, organisation and society, and what can be done to promote sustainability going forward. The paper also identifies several areas that have not been explored in previous research. These include empirical studies on the effects of the technological shift brought about by Mining 4.0 on work environments, and how to attract younger generations to mining to ensure sustainability in the industry going forward.
Blog: TRAFO – Blog for Transregional Research
Loaay Wattad is a Lecturer at the Department of Sociology and the School of Cultural Studies at Tel Aviv University, focusing on the sociology of Palestinian children's literature in Palestine. He has conducted extensive research in this field and built a unique database covering the past century. In addition to his academic pursuits, Loaay is a translator and an active member of the Maktoob translators' circle, dedicated to translating various literary works from Arabic to Hebrew. In the academic year 2023/24, he is a EUME Fellow at the Forum Transregionale Studien.
In: Reintroducing...
"This reintroduction to the life and work of Marcel Mauss highlights his coherent and original thought both as an academic and an engaged intellectual of his time. Since his work regained attention in social sciences in the later 20th century, Reintroducing Marcel Mauss also emphasises the progression of research on Mauss's thought, bringing to light various neglected aspects of his scientific project, including his political commitment and writings. With a review of the contemporary research on Mauss's legacy, it offers a fuller understanding of the questions with which he was concerned - questions which converged in the challenge of working out alternative ways for a social life that promotes a genuinely social society inspired by socialist and cooperative values. It will therefore appeal to scholars of sociology and anthropology with interests in the history and development of sociology, and the contemporary importance of classical social theory"--
In: Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology, Band 24, Heft 1, S. 106-112
ISSN: 2541-8998
The article presents a comparative analysis of Russian and Western (North American and European) approaches to the study of public policy in the aircraft industry. The key works of Russian and foreign authors devoted to the analysis of state policy in the aviation industry are considered, the context of research is determined, as well as their main directions, the current state of the practice of studying state policy in the aviation industry in Russia and Western countries is described. Based on the results of the work, a conclusion is made about the historically established differences in the approaches of domestic and foreign authors to the study of state policy in the aviation industry. While the Western research tradition is characterized by the attribution of the problems of state policy in the aviation industry to the subject field of economics, then in Russian practice the transition of the considered problems from historical science to economics (in the direction of solving applied problems) is manifested. In addition, for Russian researchers, the issue of the development of the aviation industry lies in the political and social sphere (the industry aims to ensure the connectivity of the country's territory, the mobility of the population, the expansion of logistics opportunities for cargo transportation, the development of the Arctic zone, etc.). More attention is paid to the political and managerial, social and geopolitical factors of the development of the industry.