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"This textbook introduces the reader to the field of military sociology, through narrative reviews of selected key studies in the discipline. The book provides a guided introduction. In each chapter, the authors set the stage and then immerse the reader in Spotlights - i.e., descriptions of essential studies that inform the discipline of military sociology. The goal is to afford readers a ready pathway into how sociologists and social scientists have thought about and studied topics in the study of the military and war. Topics covered in the book include: - what is military sociology; what does it have to offer in understanding armed forces, wars, and societies? - what basic tools are needed to ply sociological, or more broadly, social science perspectives for studying war and the military? - what are the bio-social bases of war; what does the spectrum of such societally organized violence look like? - how do societies raise and maintain formal militaries; what are variations in their social composition and in the profiles of civil-military relations? - how and why is military organization and war changing so dramatically in the 21st century; what does the future hold? This book will be of great interest to students of military sociology, armed forces and society, peace studies and International Relations"--

Prologue -- Introduction -- Max weber: bureaucracy, leadership and military music -- Emile durkheim: the military group, culture and its consequences -- Karl marx: critical analyses of society and the military -- George simmel: networks, conflict, secrecy and the stranger -- Jane addams: from peace activism to pragmatic peace keeping -- W.e.b. dubois: race, diversity and inclusion, in society and the military -- Erving goffman: total institutions, interaction rituals, street level bureaucrats -- Michel foucault: discipline and surveillance in and by the military -- Morris janowitz: the professional soldier, civil-military relations and the avf -- Norbert elias: decline of violence, habitus in combat, international relations -- Cornelis lammers: strikes and mutinies, occupational and administrative styles, isomorphism and cooperation -- Arlie russell hochschild: emotions in organizations, and in the military -- Cynthia enloe: feminist views of the military and its surroundings -- Bruno latour: science and technology in society and the military -- From the classics to the future in military studies: conclusions, themes and prospects

This groundbreaking work challenges modernist military science and explores how a more open design epistemology is becoming an attractive alternative to a military staff culture rooted in a monistic scientific paradigm. The author offers fresh sociological avenues to become more institutionally reflexive -- to offer a variety of design frames of reference, beyond those typified by modern military doctrine. Modernist military knowledge has been institutionalized to the point that blinds militaries to alternative designs organizationally and in their interventions. This book seeks to reconstruct strategy and operations in "designing ways" and develops theories of action through multifaceted contextualizations and recontextualizations of situations, showing that military design does not have to rely on set rational-analytic decision-making schemes, but on seeking alternative meanings in- and on-action