Specific and ad valorem tariffs are not equivalent in trade wars
In: Journal of international economics, Band 52, Heft 1, S. 183-195
ISSN: 0022-1996
1393 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: Journal of international economics, Band 52, Heft 1, S. 183-195
ISSN: 0022-1996
In: Review of international studies: RIS, Band 12, Heft 2, S. 95-106
ISSN: 1469-9044
Many books, both scholarly and popular, consider how wars begin. There has also been a large number written on the question of limiting war in general and creating peace. Yet the question of how specific wars end has received far less attention. Except for memoirs and historical accounts of final battles and peace negotiations, it is difficult to find more than a handful of general works on war deescalation and termination.
In: Voennaja mysl': voenno-teoretičeskij žurnal ; organ Ministerstva Oborony Rossijskoj Federacii, Band 17, Heft 4, S. 105-112
ISSN: 0236-2058
This article explores the phenomenon of culture wars in the post-Soviet space. It provides an introduction to this special issue by addressing a series of themes which deepen and more importantly complicate our understanding of culture wars in the post-Soviet space, but also more generally. The paper analyses: the multifaceted nature of culture wars, illustrating the way in which these normative-based conflicts are more complicated than the typical binary reading of the phenomenon suggest; the religious dimension to such cultural conflicts; the multiple causal explanations for culture wars and the varied levels of agency and agents involved; the perceptibly dominant role of Russia in the region's ideological and cultural conflicts; and finally, the under-conceptualisation of culture wars. Overall, the paper unpacks how the concept of culture war can be used analytically to comprehend tensions and conflict over competing interpretations of the moral ordering of the post-Soviet public space.
BASE
An Introduction to Civil Wars takes an empirical and thematic approach to the study of civil wars. Since World War II, by far most of the wars that have been fought are civil wars--wars between groups within states, like Darfur, Somalia, Congo, Kosovo, and Chechnya--and not wars between sovereign states. The book is organized thematically to address major topics and findings on civil wars, including causes, duration, recurrence, termination, intervention, post-conflict problems, civilian victimization/terrorism, and resource-related issues. Cases at the end of chapters spotlight specific civil wars.
An Introduction to Civil Wars takes an empirical and thematic approach to the study of civil wars. Since World War II, by far most of the wars that have been fought are civil wars--wars between groups within states, like Darfur, Somalia, Congo, Kosovo, and Chechnya--and not wars between sovereign states. The book is organized thematically to address major topics and findings on civil wars, including causes, duration, recurrence, termination, intervention, post-conflict problems, civilian victimization/terrorism, and resource-related issues. Cases at the end of chapters spotlight specific civil wars
In: Civil wars, Band 12, Heft 4, S. 395-430
ISSN: 1743-968X
Young women are combatants in contemporary African wars. They also participate in a whole array of different roles. However, by and large, they remain invisible to us. In fact, our "northern" hackneyed views on women's innate non-participation in war prevent us from seeing specific needs for young women during and in the aftermath of wars. For instance, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programmes often fail to address appropriate needs for young women and in a variety of ways "prevent" them from partaking. Issues of stigma, safe demobilisation, individual concerns for post-war marriage, health and education, need to be addresed in both a more gendered way, but also with an apposite understanding of young women's agency in both peace and war. In this Policy note it is argued that to improve policy and programming efforts it is necessary to broaden the understanding of young women's roles and participation in armed conflict in Africa historically and today.
BASE
Young women are combatants in contemporary African wars. They also participate in a whole array of different roles. However, by and large, they remain invisible to us. In fact, our "northern" hackneyed views on women's innate non-participation in war prevent us from seeing specific needs for young women during and in the aftermath of wars. For instance, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programmes often fail to address appropriate needs for young women and in a variety of ways "prevent" them from partaking. Issues of stigma, safe demobilisation, individual concerns for post-war marriage, health and education, need to be addresed in both a more gendered way, but also with an apposite understanding of young women's agency in both peace and war. In this Policy note it is argued that to improve policy and programming efforts it is necessary to broaden the understanding of young women's roles and participation in armed conflict in Africa historically and today.
BASE
In: Opolskie studia administracyjno-prawne, Band 17, Heft 4, S. 23-34
ISSN: 2658-1922
The presented material is an attempt at analyzing the specific legal position of peace treaties. The author argues with the opinion which is put forward (not too often, though), maintaining that such treaties – due to their not expressing the will of states in a classical way – cannot be considered to be agreements as such. He presents the basic similarities and – first of all – differences, especially concerning the so-called final provisions, with reference to both typical international agreements and peace treaties, respectively. In the study, he formulates the thesis of a special role, significance and evolution of peace treaties, despite frequent disrespect for the resolutions they contain. Instances of peace treaties which were concluded in the past are recalled and analyzed, and juxtaposed with ones made in the 20th century, particularly those following the First and the Second World Wars.
In: America at War
Chronology of Wars, Revised Edition discusses the 13 wars examined in the other America at War titles from a chronological perspective. The chronology includes an introduction that calls attention to relevant themes that persist throughout America's wartime past and looks from a different perspective at many of the same subjects covered in the war-specific editions. The historical conflicts of the United States are illuminated in this valuable resource for students, librarians, teachers, and young adults who are interested in American history and military history
In: Small wars & insurgencies, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 434-455
ISSN: 1743-9558
In: East European politics and societies: EEPS, Band 33, Heft 2, S. 423-434
ISSN: 1533-8371
This introduction to the special section on Poland's wars of symbols analyzes the symbolic contestation that has characterized the country in recent years, studying a range of phenomena including nation, gender, memory, and religious symbolism within the overall framework of political conflict. In doing so, it offers a multidisciplinary view on political fractures that have resonated throughout Europe and the "West." Overall, the four case studies in this section study ways in which national symbols, topoi, and narratives have been deployed as tools in drawing and redrawing boundaries within society, polarizing and mobilizing the political camps as well as contesting and resisting power. These studies enable us to situate recent political events in a historical perspective, mapping the rise of populism in Poland against the background of legacies specific to the East-Central European region.
In: International affairs: a Russian journal of world politics, diplomacy and international relations, Band 61, Heft 3
ISSN: 0130-9641
Few people would presently question self-importance of a cultural factor in world politics. One could easily agree with the British political scientist A. Hopkins who held that culture has always been impacting global processes, despite the fact that researchers have long been giving preference to politics and the economy over culture when evaluating global phenomena. Historically, globalization trends were more rapidly growing during the inter-civilization wars, ages of great geographical discoveries, religious expansionism, European cultural influence on the external world throughout the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, industrial and scientific discoveries, as well as the colonial division of the world. Here, Skachkov examines the impact of Western cultural expansion. Adapted from the source document.
In: Routledge studies in civil wars and intra-state conflict
"This book investigates the ways in which the lethality of terrorist violence depends on how rebel organizations finance their rebellion. The leaders of rebel groups make calculated decisions on the intensity of terrorism killings, considering the benefits and costs of targeting non-combatants against the financing needs of their organization. The study specifically focuses on analysing the effects of different external financing options available to rebel groups and takes into account the role of local populations in making financing available. This comparative approach to external financing reveals new hypotheses that are empirically verified and differ from the expectations and findings of prior research. The book's findings are relevant to policy discussions on counter-insurgency strategies that prioritize protecting populations from human rights abuses. Existing doctrines tend to overlook the potential impact of targeted efforts to isolate insurgents from specific financing sources on the capacity to secure local populations. This book will be of interest to students of civil wars, terrorism studies, political violence and security studies."--