Suchergebnisse

Lo Spoils System è il potere di scegliere e di nominare gli alti funzionari da parte dell'autorità pubblica, sulla base di criteri di elevata competenza e professionalità dei funzionari governativi e ministeriali e sulla base di un rapporto fiduciario molto stretto tra i rappresentanti politici e i dirigenti amministrativi. Si tratta di un sistema amministrativo di cessazione automatica degli incarichi dirigenziali, non ancora scaduti, nelle pubbliche amministrazioni, a seguito del subentro della nuova compagine di Governo. Il sistema delle spoglie è un istituto recente nel nostro ordinamento, infatti è previsto dall'art.19, comma 8, d.lvo.n.165/2001, cambiando i rapporti fra dirigenza amministrativa e organo politico e richiedendo l'intervento del legislatore e della Corte Costituzionale per risolvere le problematiche connesse allo Spoils System (ad esempio, l'ambito di applicazione e la decadenza automatica dall'incarico). Il sistema delle spoglie ha degli aspetti positivi, in primis l'attuazione dell'indirizzo politico da parte della pubblica amministrazione e degli aspetti negativi, tra i quali la "politicizzazione" dell'amministrazione pubblica.

The paper analyses the development of the merit system and its effectiveness in the administrations of the Western Balkan countries. First, the development of the merit concept is described; its origin and genesis, as well as the positive effects it has had mostly in Western democracies. However, the basic hypothesis presented in the paper is that in most Western Balkan countries, the spoils system still remains a reality, even though the law stipulates the merit system. This hypothesis is demonstrated through practical evidence, as well as by comparing the merit system in the Western Balkans with that of Western democracies, in both a formal and a practical sense. The paper also analyses the negative consequences of this situation, as well as the benefits that the citizens would have in a merit system. In addition, solutions are offered, i.e., a model of reform that would overcome the existing situation.

The paper analyses the development of the merit system and its effectiveness in the administrations of the Western Balkan countries. The origins and benefit of the merit system are described in the article. The basic hypothesis is that in most Western Balkan countries the spoils system remains a reality, despite the fact that the law stipulates the merit system. The main argument for this hypothesis is based on one element of the merit system, and that is recruitment and employment in the public services sector. This segment of the merit system is most often violated because public service employment in the Western Balkans is not obtained objectively, i.e., from a pool of best candidates, but given to those who support the ruling party, which is particularly evident during election campaigns. The paper analyses this phenomenon and points out that the so-called reliable votes are the core of the problem. The article explains this phenomenon and provides guidance on possible solutions to the identified problems.