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The nature & direction of bias in stereotyping can be accounted for & predicted by considering the relationship between 3 variables: (1) the matrix of classes that an individual uses in his categorization of people; (2) the emotional significance to him of the classification that he uses; & (3) the nature of r between the judgment continuum & the class membership of the various individuals that are being judged. References to exp'al work on the subject are included. Distinctions are made between cultural stereotypes elicited in studies which did not use judgments applying to individual members of stereotyped groups & studies which do use such judgments. These distinctions are esp important in the case of stereotypes which are associated with high emotional involvement. It is suggested that educ'al techniques aimed at changing the latter category of stereotypes should be devised on the basis of concrete & specific dimensions of the stereotype rather than consist of global statements presenting the stereotyped groups in a generally favorable light. Modified AA.

The relationship between two types of question format & racial or gender stereotypes was examined using a probability sample of 381 adult Tallahassee, Fla, residents. One type of format used agree-disagree responses & questions asked only about blacks or women. In the second format, women were compared with men & blacks with whites on the same stereotypes used in the first format. More negative portrayals of blacks & women occurred using the comparative stereotype format, & differences between formats were statistically significant (p<.001) on all 8 stereotype questions. In addition, over 50% of the rs between racial or gender stereotypes & other variables (eg, R's age or education) differed significantly by format. Implications of these results for survey methodology & for the theoretical concept of "stereotype" are discussed. 4 Tables. AA.

Das Buch liefert neue, in Deutschland noch relativ unbekannte Forschung zum Einfluss von Stereotypen in der Schule und einen hervorragenden theoretischen und empirischen Überblick zu dem Themenkomplex. Beschrieben und analysiert werden vor allem Stereotype im Kontext unterschiedlicher Merkmale von Schüler*innen wie Geschlecht, sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf, Migrationsverhältnisse und sozio-ökonomischem Status.

Stereotype sind die Bilder in unserem Kopf, die unsere Weltsicht oft mehr prägen als die eigene unmittelbare Anschauung. Dies schrieb schon vor 85 Jahren der amerikanische Journalist Walter Lippmann in seinem Buch "Public Opinion". Wie werden stereotype Vorstellungen von der Wirklichkeit durch Abbildungen in den Massenmedien geprägt? Welche stereotypen Darstellungen finden sich in der Bildberichterstattung der Medien, welche Wirkung haben sie, welche Folgen hat dies für die Gesellschaft als Ganzes und mit welchen Methoden kann man die Funktion und Bedeutung visueller Stereotype untersuchen? Dies sind die Fragen, denen in dem vorliegenden Band nachgegangen wird. Das Buch richtet sich in erster Linie an Kommunikationswissenschaftler und Studenten, die sich schwerpunktmäßig mit dem Themengebiet der Visuellen Kommunikation befassen.

Stereotype in der politischen Popaganda -- ..bei der Darstellung gesellschaftlicher Guppen in den Medien (Migrant / Migration) -- Methodische Ansätze zur Analyse von Bildinhalten und Bildwirkung (Bildberichterstattung)

Intro -- Foreword -- 1 What Are Stereotypes? -- Close-up: Some Common High School Stereotypes -- Butch Women, Effeminate Men -- Where Stereotypes Come From -- Close-up: Sex versus Gender -- 2 Stereotypes of Gay Men -- We're Not All Hairdressers, Dancers, or Wedding Planners -- Close-up: Gay Voice -- The Stereotype Trap -- Close-up: Gay Bears and Other Stereotype Busters -- 3 Stereotypes of Lesbians -- Reclaiming Power from the Negative -- Close-up: Butches on Broadway -- Butch and Femme -- 4 Stereotypes of Bisexual People -- Gays and Lesbians as Oppressors -- An LGBT Pecking Order -- Bisexuals and Monogamy -- Close-up: The Range of Sexual Orientation -- Bisexual ≠ Confused -- 5 Stereotypes of Transgender People -- Stereotyping People Who Defy Stereotypes -- Close-up: TGs on TV -- Transgender ≠ Gay -- Close-up: Transvestite versus Transsexual -- 6 Fighting Stereotypes -- Close-up: Peer Pressure Fuels Stereotypes -- "Metrosexuals" -- Rooting Out Hidden Stereotypes -- Series Glossary -- Further Resources -- Index.