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AbstractThe work of Jacques Ellul is useful in understanding and evaluating the implications of rapidly changing technologies for human values and democracy. Ellul developed three powerful theses about technology: technological autonomy, technological determinism, and technological bluff. In this essay, the authors explicate these views of technology, and place the work of Ellul in dialogue with the ides of other important theorists of technology (including Max Weber, Herbert Marcuse, Lewis Mumford, Langdon Winner, and Hans Jonas). Ellul's too-often overlooked theses about technology are relevant to our present technological society

Non-technological innovation is an important element of firms' innovation activities that both supplement and complement technological innovation, i.e. the introduction of new products and new processes. We analyse the spread of nontechnological innovation in firms, their relation to technological innovation, and their effects to firm performance and success with product and process innovation, using data from the German Community Innovation Survey conducted in 2005 (German CIS 4). Non-technological innovation is defined as the introduction of new organisational methods or the introduction of new marketing methods. We find that the determinants of a firm's propensity to introduce technological and non-technological innovations are very similar and that both types are closely related. There are only small effects of non-technological innovation on a firm's profit margin, which contrasts the strong effects to be found from technological innovation. However, non-technological innovation spurs success with product and process innovation terms of sales with market novelties and cost reductions from new processes.

Argues that lack of an effective ballistic missile defense has placed the US in a vulnerable position in light of the reality that the People's Republic of China, Russia, North Korea, & Iran either have, or are building, long-range missiles that can reach US shores. The Clinton administration has relied on ballistic missile defense designs using ground-based interceptors rather than the needed space-based defenses. Consequently, building an adequate defense will require technological leadership capable of producing advanced weapons in a minimal number of years. Success will depend on skill/knowledge, as well as a vision for developing technology that inspires & motivates the team. Although advanced technology is the key to a strong defense, it is contended that an ideologically based view has developed in the US that condemns it as part of the "arms race," which has led to cuts in ballistic missile defense programs, & adoption of "mutual assured destruction" as the US defense strategy. The impact of an emphasis on technological leadership, education programs, the acquisition process, & the development of new industries is discussed. J. Lindroth

Chapter1.Origin and Development of Technological Economics -- Chapter2.Objects of Technological Economics Study -- Chapter3.Purpose and Meaning of Technological Economics study -- Chapter4.Tasks and Contents of Technological Economics Study -- Chapter5.Methods and Procedure of Technological Economics Study -- Chapter6.Sub disciplines of Technological Economics and the Relationship Between Technological Economics and Other Disciplines -- Chapter7.Theory of Technological Economy Entity -- Chapter8.Theory of Technological Economy Factors -- Chapter9.Information Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter10.Effect Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter11.Evaluation Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter12.Comparison Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter13.Optimization Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter14.Control Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter15.Decision making Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter16.Comprehensive Evaluation Theory of Technological Economy -- Chapter17.Methods for Establishing Technological Economy Indicator System -- Chapter18.Methods for Computing Technological Economy Indicators -- Chapter19.Methods for Assessing Technological Economy -- Chapter20.Methods for Comprehensively Assessing Technology -- Chapter21.Applications of Various Assessment Methods in Technological Economy -- Chapter22.Applications of Theories and Methods of Technological Economics -- Chapter23.Applications of Technological Economics -- Chapter24.Approaches for Improving the Effects of Technological Economy -- Chapter25.A New Discipline of Technological Economy Management. .

This article examines the technological construction of political power, as well as resistance to political power, by means of an "ideal-typical" model called a technolog ical drama. In technological regularization, a design constituency creates artifacts whose features reveal an intention to shape the distribution of wealth, power, or status in society. The design constituency also creates myths, social contexts, and rituals to legitimate its intention and constitute the artifact's political impact. In reply, the people adversely affected by regularization engage in myth-, context-, or artifact-altering strate gies that represent an accommodation to the system (technological adjustment) or a conscious attempt to change it (technological reconstitution). A technological drama, in short, is a specifically technological form of political discourse. A key point is that throughout all three processes, political "intentions," no less than the facticity and hardness of the technology's "impact," are themselves constituted and constructed in reciprocal and discursive interaction with technological activities. Technology is not politics pursued by other means; it is politics constructed by technological means.