Suchergebnisse

The victory in the war with Dacians set off a number of major administrative and administrative reforms conducted by Trajan in the Danubian provinces. Some of the vital elements of the reforms included veteran settlement and establishment of numerous towns – coloniae and municipia. As many as eighteen were thus established in the region during Trajan's reign. ; There is no doubt that after Augustus, Trajan should be credited with being the most active in the area of urban development. The territories on the Danube, especially the central and lower reaches of the river as well as its hinterland (province Thracia) represent a case of its own among Trajan's undertakings, which should be associated with the Dacian wars (101-106). The latter brought about tremendous changes in the social-economic and administrative arrangements in the region, Settle­ment policy and the urbanization schemes it necessarily entailed played the foremost role in that respect. As many as eighteen towns were established on Trajan's initiative; these included coloniae which developed in the former locations of legionary camps (Poetovio, Ratiaria, Oescus, Sarmizegetusa), municipia (Ulpianum, Tropaeum Traiani), poleis built from scratch (Nicopolis ad Istrum, Marcianopolis, Nikopolis ad Nestum), or earlier Thracian settlements elevated to municipal status (Augusta Traiana, Ulpia Serdica, Plotinopolis, Traianopolis, Ulpia Pautalia, Ulpia Topeiros, Ulpia Bizye). Indisputably, "under Trajan's rule, the lands on the Danube (including the interior) became the focus of comprehensive and consistent Roman urbanization policy, to an extent unknown since the times of Augustus" (K. Christ). To all intents and purposes, Trajan pursued a clearly formulated, cohesive plan aimed at creating an efficient system of administration in the Central and Lower Danube region. Apart from the institutions of Roman rule, it was to rely on municipal self-governments. Another objective was to develop an efficacious infrastructural hinterland for the troops stationed in the Danubian provinces along the line of the river and to the north of it (Dacia), thus ensuring a base for Roman activities on the western and northern coast of the Black Sea. ; The victory in the war with Dacians set off a number of major administrative and administrative reforms conducted by Trajan in the Danubian provinces. Some of the vital elements of the reforms included veteran settlement and establishment of numerous towns – coloniae and municipia. As many as eighteen were thus established in the region during Trajan's reign.

The dictatorship of General Franco in Spain resorted to two characters of ancient Iberian history to promote Franco's authoritarianism: Viriathus and Trajan. In the early years of the regime, Viriathus was often called "caudillo de los españoles". The anachronic distinction was obviously meant to mirror Franco's own title as Caudillo de España. Trajan, on the other hand, appeared as an Iberian conqueror and excellent, military, ruler, thus serving as a predecessor to another Iberian army general in power: Franco himself. These lines analyse how Trajan and Viriathus appeared, in Francoist propaganda and education, as two complementing precedents (internal and external, local and universal) of the greatest and final Caudillo de España, Franco.

Trois raisons au moins font qu'aujourd'hui il est nécessaire de repenser la colonne Trajane. La première et la plus évidente tient au douloureux problème de la conservation du monument, sur lequel les travaux entrepris par la Surintendance ont attiré l'attention générale. La seconde raison vient du fait que les échafaudages, dressés maintenant autour de la colonne à titre de protection provisoire et pour les études et les interventions de restauration et conservation, offrent une occasion unique d'observation minutieuse et directe des reliefs (dont il n'existe pas d'édition photographique complète et adéquate).

von Friedrich Münter ; In Fraktur ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- Jud. 172 m

Die vorliegende Masterarbeit behandelt die Frage, ob die Kaiser Trajan (98 - 117 n. Chr.) und Mark Aurel (161 - 180 n. Chr.) mit ausgewählten Darstellungen auf den Reichsprägungen ihre konkreten Siege oder ihre generelle Sieghaftigkeit repräsentierten. Da es während ihrer Herrschaft zu einer Vielzahl an militärischen Aktivitäten kam, fiel die Wahl auf diese beiden Kaiser. So erreichte das Imperium Romanum aufgrund der Feldzüge und Eroberungen Trajans (d.h. die beiden Dakerkriege, die Annexion Arabiens und dem Partherkrieg mit der Etablierung der Provinzen Armenien, Mesopotamien und Assyrien) seine größte Ausdehnung. Unter Mark Aurel kam es zu einem erneuten Partherkrieg, der von seinem Mitkaiser Lucius Verus erfolgreich geführt wurde. Mark Aurel selbst zog ins Feld, als verschiedene Germanenstämme und die Sarmaten die Grenzen des römischen Reiches bedrohten (heute bekannt als Markomannenkriege). Angesichts diverser Erfolge dieser Unternehmungen ließen beide Kaiser Münzen mit verschiedenen Siegesdarstellungen prägen. Mithilfe dieser Darstellungen hatten die Kaiser eine Möglichkeit, die Erinnerung an ihre Siege und Sieghaftigkeit über Jahre hinweg präsent zu halten, da Münzen als nahezu unvergänglicher Informationsträger fungieren. Nach Betrachtung der für dieses Thema relevanten Münzen wird schließlich aufgezeigt, wie die beiden Kaiser mit ihren jeweiligen militärischen Tätigkeiten in der Münzpropaganda umgingen. ; This master thesis addresses the question of whether Emperors Trajan (AD 98117) and Marcus Aurelius (AD 161180) used selected images on their imperial coinages to represent their concrete victories or their victoriousness in general. These two emperors were chosen because of the vast amount of military activity during their reigns. Under Trajans rule the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent due to his military campaigns and conquests, namely the two Dacian Wars, the annexation of Arabia and the Parthian War that led to the establishment of the provinces of Armenia, Mesopotamia and Assyria. During the reign of Marcus Aurelius there was another Parthian War that was successfully fought under the command of his co-emperor Lucius Verus. Marcus Aurelius himself led military campaigns when different Germanic tribes and the Sarmatians threatened the borders of the Roman Empire (known today as Marcomannic Wars). In view of various successes in these campaigns, both emperors minted coins depicting their victories. These depictions gave the emperors the opportunity to preserve the memory of their victories and victoriousness for many years because coins serve as almost imperishable carriers of information. After discussing the coins relevant for this topic, this thesis illustrates how the two emperors represented their respective military activities in coin propaganda. ; vorgelegt von: Markus Grinschgl ; Zusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und Englisch ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Masterarbeit, 2020 ; (VLID)5254236

Literaturangaben