El artículo discute los antecedentes de las compañías bananeras en América Central y el Caribe en el siglo XIX. En el contexto de las fusiones de finales de siglo que dieron lugar a los trusts norteamericanos tuvo lugar la fundación de la United Fruit Company. El autor discute el carácter "dual" de la inversión norteamericana en la región: de una parte, desarrollo económico, de otra, corrupción y presiones políticas. Narra los orígenes de los cultivos de banano en el Departamento del Magdalena, la instalación de la multinacional norteamericana en la región, lo mismo que las estrategias de la compañía para monopolizar el cultivo y la exportación del fruto. Termina con los hechos de la Masacre de las Bananeras en 1928 y sus repercusiones en la política nacional de la época.
The United Fruit Company (UFC), an American corporation, monopolized the banana trade in the British colony of Jamaica for most of the 20th century, despite efforts by the British to establish a foothold (see Clegg 2002). While the British colonial government focused its efforts on challenging the UFC's domination in Jamaica; in 1923, a UFC subsidiary called Swift Banana Company began undertaking the commercial export of bananas in the then British colony of St. Lucia. Research on the St. Lucia banana industry, during the period 1923 to 1942, was very limited, and has largely dismissed the decline of the banana industry as the result of its inability to survive the Panama disease epidemic. This paper challenges this explanation; arguing that UFC subsidiaries contributed significantly to both the rise and decline of St. Lucia's banana industry from 1923 to 1942.
Consists primarily of legal opinions addresses to the Costa Rica Oil Corporation concerning litigation with the United Fruit Company over the matter of petroleum rights. ; Mode of access: Internet.
The analysis about the regions of enclave, the case of the town of Cienaga, in the Magdalena Department, allow us to conclude that its process of modernization was determined by the presence of the multinational United Fruit Company. The modern wage work in the region was introduced by the United Fruit Company, changing the existing serviles and premodern forms of work. In atracting the regional servile labor utilized by the cattle ranches and convert it in wage work, the company based on its modern socioeconomic and administrative political processes. ; El análisis sobre las regiones de enclave, el caso del municipio de Ciénaga, en el Magdalena, nos permitió concluir que su proceso de modernización estuvo determinado por la presencia de la empresa multinacional bananera United Fruit Company. La multinacional bananera fue la que introdujo en la región el trabajo asalariado moderno, dislocando las formas serviles y premodernas existentes. Al atraer la mano de obra servil regional, que utilizaban las haciendas ganaderas, y convertirla en mano de obra asalariada, fundamentó sus procesos socioeconómicos y político administrativo modernos.
El análisis sobre las regiones de enclave, el caso del municipio de Ciénaga, en el Magdalena, nos permitió concluir que su proceso de modernización estuvo determinado por la presencia de la empresa multinacional bananera United Fruit Company. La multinacional bananera fue la que introdujo en la región el trabajo asalariado moderno, dislocando las formas serviles y premodernas existentes. Al atraer la mano de obra servil regional, que utilizaban las haciendas ganaderas, y convertirla en mano de obra asalariada, fundamentó sus procesos socioeconómicos y político administrativo modernos. ; The analysis about the regions of enclave, the case of the town of Cienaga, in the Magdalena Department, allow us to conclude that its process of modernization was determined by the presence of the multinational United Fruit Company. The modern wage work in the region was introduced by the United Fruit Company, changing the existing serviles and premodern forms of work. In atracting the regional servile labor utilized by the cattle ranches and convert it in wage work, the company based on its modern socioeconomic and administrative political processes.
"This manual supersedes FM 1-5, 29 May 1959, including C 1, 13 March 1961, C 2, 31 May 1961, C 3, 16 August 1961, C 4, 19 June 1962, C 5, 15 August 1962, and C 6, 20 January 1964. ; "May 1966." ; Mode of access: Internet.
Title taken from incomplete cover. ; "United States paten rights to be purchased by the company: No. 708,541 of 1902 . No. 776,049 of 1904 . No. 776,050 of 1904 . 776,051 of 1904" -- pg. 9 ; Financial scheme -- Evolution of the Fruhling system -- The German government and the Fruhling system of dredging -- Advantages of the Fruhling system of dredging -- Dredging in the United States of America -- Prices paid for dreging work -- Certificate relating to the merits of the Fruhling system of dredging by Herr Scholer, Chief Engineer to the German government. -- Report on the Fruhling system of dredging, by Messrs. Flannery, Baggallay & Johnson, of London, England -- Report on the Fruhling system of dredging, by Herr Scholer. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; UIUC copy lacks part of cover & pgs. 2-4.
This article explores an important period in the relations between the United States and Colombia. After the discomfort generated by the loss of Panama, the presidency of Enrique Olaya Herrera achieved to overcome any prevention or wound in the national elites and offered the closest and fiercest defense of US interests ever seen in Colombia during the first decades of the 20th century. To study this hypothesis, the article briefly exposes the conditions preceding Olaya's government; his election as president among crucial agreements—both explicit and implicit ones—with bankers, oil companies and State bureaucrats in Washington; and finally, his decisive role in the presidency. Based on existing bibliography, press releases and, principally, on documents hitherto unedited from the National Archive of the United States, this article illustrates a series of events while it analyses and reproduces documents that at a certain time the us State Department refused to publish to avoid harming the relations between the two countries, to protect some of its high-ranking officials, and to avoid a strong opposition against Olaya Herrera in Colombia. ; En el presente artículo de investigación se propone abordar un importante periodo en las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Colombia. Luego del malestar creado por la pérdida de Panamá, la presidencia de Enrique Olaya Herrera logró cerrar toda prevención o herida en las élites nacionales y propició la más cerrada y leonina defensa que de los intereses estadounidenses en Colombia se hubiera hecho durante las primeras décadas del siglo xx. Para argumentar tal hipótesis, el artículo expone brevemente las condiciones que precedieron al Gobierno de Olaya: su elección como presidente en medio de cruciales acuerdos —explícitos e implícitos— con banqueros, empresas petroleras y burócratas estatales en Washington y, finalmente, su decisivo papel en la máxima magistratura. Apoyado en la bibliografía existente, en observación de prensa, pero sobre todo en documentos hasta ahora inéditos del Archivo Nacional de Estados Unidos, el artículo deja en claro lo sucedido, al tiempo que analiza y reproduce sustancialmente documentos que en su momento el Departamento de Estado de los Estados Unidos se negó a publicar para no perjudicar las relaciones entre los dos países, protegiendo a algunos de sus altos funcionarios y evitando una fuerte oposición en contra de Olaya Herrera en Colombia. ; Neste artigo de pesquisa, propõe-se abordar um período importante nas relações entre os Estados Unidos e a Colômbia. Depois do mal-estar gerado pela perda do Panamá, a presidência de Enrique Olaya Herrera conseguiu fechar toda a prevenção ou ferida às elites nacionais e propiciou a mais fechada e leonina defesa dos interesses dos estadunidenses na Colômbia feita durante as primeiras décadas do século xx. Para argumentar tal hipótese, o artigo apresenta resumidamente as condições que precederam ao governo Olaya: sua eleição como presidente em meio a acordos cruciais —explícitos e implícitos— com banqueiros, companhias petroleiras e burocratas estatais em Washington e, finalmente, seu papel decisivo na máxima magistratura. Apoiado na bibliografia existente, na observação da prensa e em documentos inéditos do Arquivo Nacional dos Estados Unidos, o artigo deixa claro o ocorrido, ao mesmo tempo em que analisa e reproduz substancialmente documentos que à época o Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos recusaram-se a publicar para não prejudicar as relações entre os dois países, protegendo alguns de seus altos funcionários e evitando uma forte oposição contra Olaya Herrera na Colômbia.
Canned fruit industrywas a period of recession due to funding poor and inadequate management, but shows substantial potential for development, thanks to natural and materials resources that can be recovered efficiently in production/processing and launch policies marketing to promote canned fruits Romanian market and economic space of the European Union.Official data published by Eurostat in February 2015 shows that Romania ranks in the top eight member countries of the European Union, the value of agricultural production. Total production in 2014 was valued at 392.3 billion euros, while our country has produced worth 15.4 billion euros.This paper addresses theoretical and comparative market developments canned fruits, relevant data of economic efficiency of production and marketing strategy role in this branch of commercial activity. It is also highlighted developments and prospect market canned fruits in Romania.
The following is a review of The Fruit Machine documentary film directed by Sara Fodey. This documentary sheds light on a dark period in Canadian history. Using the testimonials of survivors and historical expert, The Fruit Machine film illustrates how a democratic state could legally wage a discriminatory campaign against its own citizens whose only crime was being (or suspected to be) "homosexual." For fifty years, Canadian state institutions hunted down and interrogated thousands of individuals suspected of homosexuality. This film is a must see. ; Voici une critique du documentaire The Fruit Machine réalisé par Sara Fodey. Ce documentaire fait la lumière sur une sombre période de l'histoire canadienne. À partir des témoignages de survivants et d'historiens, The Fruit Machine illustre comment un état démocratique a pu légalement mener une campagne de discrimination à l'encontre de ses propres citoyens dont le seul crime était d'être « homosexuel » (ou d'en être soupçonné). Pendant cinquante ans, des institutions gouvernementales canadiennes ont traqué et interrogé des milliers d'individus soupçonnés d'homosexualité. Ne manquez pas ce film.
Preface dated: January, 1906. ; On cover: Queensland fruits. Issued by the Queensland Government Intelligence and Tourist Bureau. ; Mode of access: Internet.
