Suchergebnisse

The article reveals the importance of the legal institution in the urban planning structure in the Russian Federation, using the methods of content analysis and deductive and inductive approaches. In connection with the creation of a new public-legal entity for Russia, the federal territory "Sirius", a comparative analysis was carried out, as a result of which it is evident that the territories of the federal capital were identified as optimal in terms of the success of development, the economic achievement of which is due, among other things, to novel progress, generally based on the acquisition by the public authorities of the federal territory of special rights over parcels within federal territories. Considering that one of the objectives of the creation of the federal territory "Sirius" is a complex sustainable and innovative socioeconomic development of the territory and, in addition, with the factor of lack of legal certainty, the authors conclude that the need to use a new conceptual apparatus of elements of planning structure in the regulation of urban planning activities of the territory is justified. federal, which are defined and ascribed in the general regulatory system.

Beginning with a deffensive purpose (XV th century), Tokyo evoluated to a political and military centre in the XVII th Century. With the Meiji time ( 1868) we find the modern city. Tokyo today has a central area, surrounding areas with its special functions subareas and communicatios network (railroad, underground, highways). lmportant work has been done in order to descentralise. ; Se estudia el origen defensivo (siglo xv), la función como centro político-militar desde comienzos del XVII, el desarrollo y moderniazación con la época Meijí (iniciada en 1868) y la ciudad actual, especialmente la zona central con las funciones de sus barrios, subcentros y redes de comunicación (ferrocarriles, metro, autopistas), así como los trabajos de descentralización. [fr] Au début sa fonction était de protection comme forteresse (XV siècle). Des de XVIII siecle on assiste A la création d'un centre politique et militaire. L'époque Meiji (des 1868) apporte le développement et la modernisation. La ville d'aujourd'hui comporte une zone centrale, des quartiers avec des fonctions diverses, de sous-centres et des réseaux de communications (trains, métros et autoroutes). On assite A un effort important de descentralisation.

Architect graduated from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Ph.D. in Urbanism from the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, with a scholarship granted by the Government of Germany. Between 1994 and 2005, he was an Urban Adviser for the City Council of Concepción and prepared the communal urban development plan issued in 2004. Since 1994, he has performed as Urban Development and Planning Professor at the School of Architecture, Construction and Design of Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción. In 2014, he was granted the National Urban Development Award in Chile, in acknowledgement for his extensive work as an urban developer and particularly for his contribution to the urban reconstruction process of the coastal border in the Bío-Bío Region. Currently, he is the General Coordinator of the Metropolitan Observatory, established in 2011 by 10 regional agencies. ; Arquitecto Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Doctor en Urbanismo de la Universidad de Karlsruhe, en Alemania, becado por el gobierno alemán. Entre 1994 y 2005 se desempeñó como Asesor Urbanista de la Municipalidad de Concepción, y elaboró del plan regulador comunal promulgado en 2004. Desde 1994 se ha desempeñado como profesor de Urbanismo y Planificación en la Facultad de Arquitectura, Construcción y Diseño de la Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción. El año 2014 fue distinguido con el Premio Nacional de Urbanismo de Chile en reconocimiento de su fecunda labor como urbanista y especialmente por su aporte al proceso de reconstrucción urbana del borde costero de la región del Bío-Bío. Actualmente es Coordinador General del Observatorio Metropolitano, creado el año 2011 por diez instituciones regionales.

Europe 2020, a strategy for Smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, wants to mark a new beginning in which Europe emerges stronger from the economic and financial crisis. This strategy aims at a different type of growth, smart, sustainable and inclusive, and it seeks to create the right conditions to achieve such kind of growth. All these aspects are especially involved in cities, because they are spatial concentrations of human activity and interactions between their inhabitants. In line with this importance of cities in implementing the Europe 2020 strategy, the urban dimension of Cohesion Policy has been significantly strengthened for the 2014-2020 period. In the case of the ERDF, Member States are now obliged to allocate at least 5% of their national ERDF budget to support integrated sustainable urban development strategies. In this paper we analyse the regulation of this new tool aimed at achieving sustainable and integrated urban development and its implementation in the Autonomous Community of Aragon. ; Europa 2020, una estrategia para un crecimiento inteligente, sostenible e integrador, quiere marcar un nuevo comienzo en el que Europa salga más fuerte de la crisis económica y financiera. Esta estrategia apunta a un tipo de crecimiento diferente, inteligente, sostenible e inclusivo, y busca crear las condiciones adecuadas para lograr ese tipo de crecimiento. Todos estos aspectos están especialmente involucrados en las ciudades, porque son concentraciones espaciales de actividad humana e interacciones entre sus habitantes. En consonancia con esta importancia de las ciudades en la aplicación de la estrategia Europa 2020, la dimensión urbana de la política de cohesión se ha reforzado significativamente para el período 2014-2020. En el caso del FEDER, los Estados miembros están ahora obligados a asignar al menos el 5% de su presupuesto nacional del FEDER para apoyar estrategias integradas de desarrollo urbano sostenible. En este trabajo analizamos la regulación de esta nueva herramienta orientada a conseguir un desarrollo urbano sostenible e integrado y su implantación en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón.

Against the background of continuing urban growth, cities are constantly faced with new challenges. Above all, a strong increase in the number of residents must secure the supply of living space. In addition, the attractiveness of a city depends not only on the available living space and its price, but also on the quality of life in the city. The term quality of life usually refers to factors that can have a positive effect on a person's well-being. Quality of life is characterized by aspects such as educational opportunities, health and nature.
As a result, nature is an important criterion in the quality of life and also shapes the appearance of the city. Parks, playgrounds or street trees are just a few of the forms that can be found in cities. In addition, the city green takes over many different functions. These range from economic and urban features to social and ecological purposes. Especially the ecological aspect is becoming more and more important in the course of climatic changes. In this context, a sustainable urban development should be striven for in order to secure urban green spaces, such as the "Leipzig Charter for a Sustainable European City".
The challenges for municipalities in dealing with urban green spaces are manifold. The reason for this is the different usage requirements that affect the urban green space through different user groups. In addition to the changed demands, the financial resources available also play an important role. At present, it is difficult to reconcile the different demands placed on an area with the financial resources available.
Therefore, this paper examines a new approach to Green Urban Labs in relation to the development and safeguarding of urban greens. In this respect, literature searches are used to shed light on the foundations, goals and problems of urban green. In a further part, the model project "Green Urban Labs" will be examined. In addition to further literature research and expert interviews, the case study "From Hausacker to Urban Green" in the district Riemke of the city Bochum will be used to shed light on the goals and implementation measures of the project.
Recommendations for action are derived from the findings. On the one hand, the recommendations should support the consolidation of the model project after the end of the project period. On the other hand, they should serve as good examples and points of reference for other municipalities that can benefit from the new approach.

Se describe cómo ha sido el desarrollo de la urbanización en Costa Rica en los últimos años y cuáles han sido las pocas acciones planificadas efectuadas al respecto. Se analiza algunos conceptos referentes a la "ciudad deseable" que los paradigmas urbanísticos modernos ofrecen y el cómo alcanzarla. Se describe algunas políticas impulsadas en los últimos 20 años en la Gran Área Metropolitana (Gam), empezando por el Plan Gam, de 1982, y se releva algunos conceptos de éste retomados en las fases I y II del –en progreso- Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Urbano. Se expone la propuesta en gestación del Proyecto Regional Urbano de la Gam. Finalmente, se presenta recomendaciones tendientes al logro de ciudades más humanas, competitivas y con más alta calidad de vida. ; It is described how has been the urbanization development in Costa Rica in the last years and which has been the few planned actions towards that. It is analyzed some concepts referred to the "desirable city" that modern urbanistic paradigms offer, and how to reach it. It is described some politics impulsed in last twenty years in the Great Metropolitan Area (GAM), beginning with Gam Plan, from 1982, and some concepts that are replaced from this, taken from phases I and II of the –in progress- Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Urbano (National Plan of Urban Development). It is exposed the proposal in gestation of the Regional Urban Project of the GAM. Finally, recommendations are presented along the lines of a accomplishment of more human cities, more competitive and with a higher life quality.

Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la vulnerabilidad del desarrollo urbano de la ciudad de Culiacán, en el Estado de Sinaloa, México, que permite advertir los riesgos por inundación en que se encuentran la ciudad misma, los habitantes y las Institucionespolíticas ante la carencia de prevención de tales eventos en la confluencia de tres ríos que surcan la ciudad de Culiacán, como aconteció en el mes de septiembre de 2013, cuando el huracán Manuel causó daños al Estado de Sinaloa y a la ciudad de Culiacán. La metodología aborda la bibliografía de texto sobre los conceptos de la vulnerabilidad física, social y política proveniente de diversos teóricos y disciplinas, focalizada en el desarrollo urbano de las ciudades y que permite reconocer la importancia de analizar losdistintos aspectos que confluyen en su generación una vez que se ha modificado y ocupado el territorio.El trabajo destaca la vulnerabilidad de la zona central de la ciudad y las periferias urbanas empobrecidas como un primer acercamiento al estudio de la vulnerabilidad a las inundaciones en la ciudad de Culiacán,señalandolas evidencias breves de las inundaciones recientes y sus daños. ; This research paper aims to analyze the vulnerability of urban development of the city of Culiacan, state of Sinaloa, Mexico. In addition, this paper makes it possible to note the risks of flooding in which the city, inhabitant and political institutions lie due to the lack of prevention strategies associated with the confluence of three rivers that flow through the city of Culiacan. An example of this vulnerability occurred in September 2013, when Hurricane Manuel damaged the state of Sinaloa and the city of Culiacan. The bibliography, from various theorists and disciplines, approaches concepts of physical, social and political vulnerability. Furthermore, it is focused on the urban development of the cities and it shows the importance of analyzing the various aspects that generate cities once the territory has been modified and occupied. This paper highlights the vulnerability of the central area of the city of Culiacan and its impoverished urban outskirts and points out the brief evidence relating to recent floods and their damages. ; Fil: Aispuro Angulo, Adriana. Universidad de Guanajuato, México. Servicios de Educación Pública Descentralizada del Estado de Sinaloa ; Fil: Cordero Domínguez, José de Jesús. Universidad de Guanajuato, México. Servicios de Educación Pública Descentralizada del Estado de Sinaloa

Bogota has become internationally renowned for its advancements in urban management, transport and institutional innovation, in its attempts to cope with the challenges of informal growth, economic struggle, and permanent inflow of new population. However, the surrounding region is showing signs of the severe environmental, social and economic repercussions of these inflows on neighbor municipalities. Concerns about the way Bogota and the agglomerations in its surrounding region are spontaneously sprawling over the Sabana's territory, have been on the institutional and academic agenda for several decades; nonetheless, because key decisions to structure the economic development of the nation's primary region, such as transport, are pending; those issues are now also reaching the political agenda. Colombia's decentralized system emphasizes municipal autonomy, making it very difficult to integrate efforts to deal with these regional dynamics in an integrated fashion. Yet, the small municipalities suffer the consequences of their comparatively weaker institutions and lack of financial muscle to be able to handle both, the pressures of the market and the social challenges that come with the evolving demographic trends. Recent studies show that disconnected land use decisions, public investments, tax policies and local development strategies of the region's municipal governments, have negative impacts on the development potential of the Sabana as a whole, and promote unsustainable urbanization patterns. The paper discusses these impacts; the proposals that have been put on the table to structure the development of a regional urban network that balances current urbanization trends; and the tensions that define the political economy of a complex arena where basic agreements about the broader concerns of the Sabana, need to be made.

This study carries out the documentary and historical analysis of several countries, compares theories and similar studies that show the consequences of urban expansion as a result of the population increase, specifically in Peru. Theoretically, the urban development process should be carried out respecting the guidelines established in the management instruments and public policies. Fact that does not occur and that is aggravated by the negative impacts on the environment and the soil, resulting in the poor quality of life of Peruvians and the lack of urban sustainability. This research analyzes the problem in relation to the number of norms and laws that are issued from the Peruvian State: legislative power, executive power, regional and local governments, among others. The organic law of each government agency grants functions that allow it to develop specific norms that, in most cases, violate the existing norms on national strategic planning that are not elaborated in a transversal and multisectoral manner, on the contrary, in many cases they are they contravene and in others they overlap. Currently, there are very few urban plans and the few that exist do not consider the technical aspects required for their effectiveness and the scarce citizen participation. ; Este estudio realiza el análisis documental e histórico, de varios países, compara teorías y estudios similares que muestran las consecuencias de la expansión urbana como resultado del incremento poblacional, específicamente en el Perú. Teóricamente, el proceso de desarrollo urbano debe realizarse respetando los lineamientos establecidos en los instrumentos de gestión y políticas públicas. Hecho que no ocurre y que se agrava con los impactos negativos al ambiente y al suelo, redundando en la mala calidad de vida de los peruanos y en la falta de sostenibilidad urbana. Esta investigación analiza la problemática frente a la cantidad de normas y leyes que se emiten desde el Estado peruano: poder legislativo, poder ejecutivo, gobiernos regionales y locales entre otros. La ley orgánica de cada organismo gubernamental otorga funciones que le permiten elaborar normas específicas que, en la mayoría de los casos vulneran las normas existentes sobre el planeamiento estratégico nacional que no son elaboradas de manera transversal y multisectorial, por el contrario, en muchos casos se contravienen y en otros se superponen. Actualmente, existen muy pocos planes urbanos y los pocos que existen, no consideran los aspectos técnicos requeridos para su efectividad y la escaza participación ciudadana.

Actualmente la filosofía ha perdido campo en la vida de las personas, limitándose a ser una posible materia académica que depende más de la memoria que de la capacidad crítica. Frente a este panorama desolador, los humanistas se preguntan acerca de la validez de sus propuestas, así como el futuro mismo de la sociedad. Se diría acaso que nos encontramos en medio de una escisión –por demás terrible– entre el agente productor/consumidor y lo que alguna vez fue La Persona, esta última contaría apenas con su deseo de superar la banalidad como herramienta para salir a flote; pero ¿cómo hacerlo? La coyuntura política actual propone la implementación del desarrollo del pensamiento lógico como materia en el pensum ecuatoriano, sin embargo, el proyecto debe ir más allá, debe alcanzar a los jóvenes y volver a pensarse en la calle, en los imaginarios desde donde surgió por primera vez. ; Nowadays, Philosophy has lost its place in human life, merely being a possible academic subject depending more on memory than on a capacity for criticism. Facing this bleak picture, humanists ponder on the validity of their proposals and the very future of society. Arguably, we are in the middle of a terrible division between the producer/consumer agent and what once was the Subject, whose only wish is to overcome the banality as a tool to stay afloat, but how? The current political situation proposes the implementation of the "Development of philosophical thought" as a new subject in the Ecuadorian curriculum, however, the project must go further. It must reach young people and be thought again on the street, from where it first emerged.

Desde los años noventa la Unión Europea viene desarrollando programas e iniciativas de intervención integral con el objetivo de promover el desarrollo urbano, en general, y reducir los procesos de desigualdad socioespacial en las ciudades, en particular. En buena medida estas políticas han ido generando un conjunto de prácticas que vienen redundando en la progresiva elaboración de una estrategia para las áreas urbanas en Europa, a la que suele denominarse, 'agenda urbana' (Comisión Europea, 2014). Pero, ¿cuál ha sido la agenda promovida por los proyectos desarrollados durante las dos últimas décadas?, o de otra forma, ¿cuál ha sido la experiencia que permitiría ir definiendo una agenda urbana para las ciudades españolas?. En este trabajo presentamos un ejercicio básico para tratar de responder a estas cuestiones mediante el análisis de los proyectos desarrollados en el marco de los programas URBAN y URBANA en España (1994-2013). ; Since the 1990s, the European Union has launched comprehensive programs and initiatives that promote integrated urban development, the goal being improved urban development, in general, and a reduction of socio spatial inequalities in cities, in particular. The policies generated as a result of these programs and initiatives have shaped a European strategy that promotes integrated urban development, the so-called "urban agenda". But, what in fact is the agenda that has been promoted by these initiatives during the last two decades? And, what are the experiences that would help define an urban agenda for Spanish cities? This article presents a basic analysis to respond to these questions, analyzing projects done in the framework of URBAN and URBANA programs in Spain (1994-2013).

Since the 1990s, the European Union has launched comprehensive programs and initiatives that promote integrated urban development, the goal being improved urban development, in general, and a reduction of socio spatial inequalities in cities, in particular. The policies generated as a result of these programs and initiatives have shaped a European strategy that promotes integrated urban development, the so-called "urban agenda". But, what in fact is the agenda that has been promoted by these initiatives during the last two decades? And, what are the experiences that would help define an urban agenda for Spanish cities? This article presents a basic analysis to respond to these questions, analyzing projects done in the framework of URBAN and URBANA programs in Spain (1994-2013). ; Desde los años noventa la Unión Europea viene desarrollando programas e iniciativas de intervención integral con el objetivo de promover el desarrollo urbano, en general, y reducir los procesos de desigualdad socio-espacial en las ciudades, en particular. En buena medida estas políticas han ido generando un conjunto de prácticas que vienen redundando en la progresiva elaboración de una estrategia para las áreas urbanas en Europa, a la que suele denominarse, 'agenda urbana' (Comisión Europea, 2014). Pero, ¿cuál ha sido la agenda promovida por los proyectos desarrollados durante las dos últimas décadas?, o de otra forma, ¿cuál ha sido la experiencia que permitiría ir definiendo una agenda urbana para las ciudades españolas?. En este trabajo presentamos un ejercicio básico para tratar de responder a estas cuestiones mediante el análisis de los proyectos desarrollados en el marco de los programas URBAN y URBANA en España (1994-2013).

A more adequate way in the search for solutions to the floods we repeatedly experience, means first to have the political, technical and social commitments working in co-ordination in order to achieve radical changes. It is necessary to move from a sectorial analysis of the surface waters in the urban environment which usually specifies the solution in terms of the need of carrying water from one point to the other, to a more integral analysis of the problem It should be part of a coherent co-ordination of the geographical characteristic of the environment to be urbanized, the needs, the values and resources of the inhabitants and the characteristics of the urbanization and its forms. ; Un camino más adecuado para la búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas de inundaciones que vivimos recurrentemente, significa en primera prioridad, contar con voluntades políticas, técnicas y sociales coordinadas para llevar a cabo ciertos cambios radicales. Se requiere pasar desde un análisis sectorial del problema de las aguas superficiales en medio urbano, que generalmente especifica totalmente la solución en función de la necesidad de trasladar aguas desde un punto de origen a un punto de destino, hasta un análisis integral del problema, insertándolo en el marco de una articulación coherente de las características del medio geográfico que se urbaniza, las necesidades, valores y recursos de la población y la naturaleza de la urbanización y sus formas.

The coastal landscape is affected by the concentration of numerous activities in a scarce surface and by the presence of important continuous urbanized. This situation causes irreversible alterations, fundamentally in the urban environments, in the tourist areas and in the zones of specialized around the intensive agriculture. Of special significance will be in a future the real application of politics of urban development and territorial ordering oriented toward the decrease of the urban pressure and of infrastructures in the seaboard, as well as toward its regeneration, recovery and conditioning for use and public enjoyment. In this text, the legislative frameworks they are exposed and criteria of urban development and territorial ordering to different levels: European Common, national, autonomous and local spaces. ; El paisaje costero está afectado por la concentración de numerosas actividades en una escasa superficie y por la presencia de importantes continuos urbanizados. Esta situación provoca alteraciones irreversibles, fundamentalmente en los ámbitos urbanos, en las áreas turísticas y en las zonas especializadas en torno a la agricultura intensiva. De especial trascendencia será en un futuro la aplicación real de políticas de ordenación territorial y urbanística orientadas hacia la disminución de la presión urbana y de infraestructuras en el litoral, así como hacia su regeneración, recuperación y acondicionamiento para uso y disfrute público. En este texto, se exponen los marcos legislativos y criterios de ordenación territorial y urbanística a distintos niveles: comunitario, nacional, autonómico y local.

This paper wants to show new modes of urban governance in the field of diversity politics focusing on a case study in the German City of Essen. Diversity politics have a tremendous influence on the rapidly changing urban societies in Europe and occur also as strategic tool to implement post-politics in urban development and urban planning. How this process helps to strengthen neoliberal politics in the ongoing global economic competition between cities shall be demonstrated.En este trabajo se proponen nuevos modos de gobernanza urbana en el ámbito de la política de diversidad se centra en un estudio de caso en la ciudad alemana de Essen. La política de diversidad tiene una enorme influencia en las sociedades urbanas que cambian rápidamente en Europa y se producen también como herramienta estratégica para implementar después de la política en el desarrollo urbano y la planificación urbana. Se demuestra cómo este proceso ayuda a fortalecer las políticas neoliberales en la competencia económica global en curso entre las ciudades.