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El presente texto busca debatir y dar algunas puntadas sobre la necesidad de plantearnos la articulación e integración del movimiento social urbano en Medellín - Colombia. Pero para avanzar hacia esa construcción de un nuevo modelo social, político y cultural es imprescindible la constitución de lo que se conoce como el sujeto histórico del cambio que caracterizamos como pluridiverso y múltiple, latente en las organizaciones y movimientos sociales que realizan su trabajo y accionar popular en medio de las difíciles condiciones urbanas. Sin embargo, si no se comprende bien quiénes constituyen el nuevo sujeto político del cambio en Colombia y cómo se articula en un gran movimiento nacional por la paz con justicia social para el buen vivir, sería un esfuerzo inútil emprender cualquier estrategia en este propósito, más si cuando se hace referencia al sujeto histórico se entiende por éste inequívocamente a la clase obrera, concepción que prevaleció a lo largo del siglo XX y cuyo eco alcanza hoy hasta nuestros días.

The present article constitutes an in-progress report of the aforementioned doctoral thesis project. It is framed into the field of the collective memory and urban sociology, and it makes an attempt to reconstruct the imprints of the residential policies of the last Argentinian military dictatorship, from the victims' point of view. ; El presente artí­culo constituye un avance de investigación del proyecto de tesis doctoral referenciado. Se inscribe en el campo de la memoria colectiva y la sociologí­a urbana, e intenta reconstruir las marcas de las polí­ticas habitacionales de la última dictadura militar argentina, desde la perspectiva de los sujetos afectados.

This paper explores the presence of local spatial interaction on urban development patterns of Spanish urban areas and whether this interaction might be due to the strategic behaviour of neighbouring local governments. Using remote-sensing data from aerial photography and satellite imaging along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques, it studies urban development patterns across the country with unprecedented detail. The results confirm the main hypothesis that spatial interaction exists in the levels of sprawl between neighbouring municipalities, suggesting that local governments do indeed compete for the creation of new suburban settlement developments, hence promoting excessive urban sprawl.

The GIAU+S (Research group on Architecture, Urbanism and Sustainability of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) has drafted a comprehensive report on urban deprivation/poverty observatories in the EU. This report is related to the Urban Poverty Partnership's Action 2 "Setting up a European network of national observatories with experience in urban poverty", one of the horizontal Actions of the Partnership. The study focuses on national observatories of urban poverty in deprived neighbourhoods or areas in the EU. A national observatory is considered to be a mapping tool with statistical information related to poverty/deprivation at the intra-city (neighbourhood) level. Authors of the report are: Rafael Córdoba Hernández, Isabel González García, Gerardo Guerrero Periñán; English reviewes: Ms. Pru Brooke-Turner and Mr. Benjamin Wilkes

ResumenEl reconocimiento por parte de los científicos y políticos de la gravedad del efecto invernadero y la probabilidad de un calentamiento global, hace cada vez más urgente la necesidad de conservación de la energía. Algunos de los temas incluidos en los programas de investigación y desarrollo del decenio de 1970 tras la crisis de la OPEP en los años 1973/4 y que en el decenio de 1980 parecieron caer en el olvido con la estabilización de los precios del petróleo, han vuelto ahora a cobrar protagonismo.Me gustaría mostrarles rápidamente algunas estadísticas referentes a las pautas actuales de consumo de energía en Gran Bretaña y de las consiguientes emisiones de dióxido de carbono. Soy consciente de que la situación en Gran Bretaña puede ser bastante diferente a la de España. No obstante, estas cifras les servirán posiblemente para conocer el contexto de algunos trabajos de investigación sobre configuración y densidad urbanas que estamos realizando y que espero que tengan interés más allá del ámbito local.AbstractThe recognition by scientists and politicians of the seriousness of the greenhouse effect and the likelihood of global warming brings renewed urgency to the need for energy conservation. Issues which were on the research and policy agendas in the '70s after the OPEC shock of 1973/4, and then seemed to recede again during the `80s as oil prices stabilised. are now back with a vengeance.I would like to show you briefly some statistics relating to current patterns of energy use in Britain, and the emissions of carbon dioxide which result. I appreciate that the British situation may be rather different from that of Spain. But these figures will perhaps serve to show you the context for some research work on urban form and urban density that we have been doing, which I hope may be of more than just local interest.

La revitalización de las ciudades ha sido y es una de las prioridades de la política regional de la Unión Europea. Con esa finalidad, en el periodo 1994-2006, la gestión urbana ha dispuesto de una financiación específica canalizada a través de la iniciativa Urban, cuyo objetivo es frenar el declive que experimentan los espacios urbanos por medio de una acción integrada tendente a la mejora del paisaje, el refuerzo de su competitividad económica y la lucha contra la precariedad y la exclusión social. Sin embargo, en la práctica, los resultados conseguidos en materia social quedan subordinados a la mejora del entorno físico y al impulso económico. El siguiente análisis aborda los objetivos y la aplicación de los programas Urban en Tenerife, con la intención de mostrar la disparidad entre los criterios de orden social establecidos por la Comisión Europea a la hora de financiar estas iniciativas y el desequilibrio en los resultados obtenidos. ; La revitalització de les ciutats ha estat i és una de les prioritats de la política regional de la Unió Europea. Amb aquesta finalitat, en el període 1994-2006, la gestió urbana ha disposat d'un finançament específic canalitzat a través de la iniciativa Urban, l'objectiu de la qual és frenar el declivi que experimenten els espais urbans a través d'una acció integrada que pretén millorar el paisatge, reforçar-ne la competitivitat econòmica i la lluita contra la precarietat i l'exclusió social. No obstant això, a la pràctica, els resultats aconseguits en matèria social queden subordinats a la millora de l'entorn físic i a l'impuls econòmic. L'anàlisi següent tracta els objectius i l'aplicació dels programes Urban a Tenerife, amb la intenció de mostrar la disparitat entre els criteris d'ordre social establerts per la Comissió Europea a l'hora de finançar aquestes iniciatives i el desequilibri en els resultats obtinguts. ; La revitalisation des villes a été et reste l'une des priorités de la politique régionale de l'Union Européenne. Durant la période 1994-2006, la gestion urbaine a disposé dans cette optique d'un financement spécifique inscrit dans l'initiative Urban, dont l'objectif est de freiner le déclin que subissent les espaces urbains moyennant une action intégrée visant à l'amélioration du paysage, au renforcement de la compétitivité économique et à la lutte contre la précarité et l'exclusion sociale. Néanmoins, dans la pratique, les résultats obtenus dans le domaine social restent subordonnés à l'amélioration de l'environnement physique et à l'impulsion économique. L'analyse suivante aborde les objectifs et l'application des programmes Urban à Tenerife, afin de montrer la disparité entre les critères du domaine social établis par la Commission Européenne lors du financement des initiatives, et le déséquilibre dans les résultats obtenus. ; The revitalization of cities is and has been one of the priorities of the regional policy of the European Union. In order to achieve this objective, urban management was given specific funding in the period 1994-2006, channelled through the so-called Urban initiative. The objective of this initiative is to reverse the decline experienced in urban spaces by using integrated actions aimed at improving the urban landscape, reinforcing its economic competitiveness and working to reduce deprivation and social exclusion. However, in practice, the results obtained in social terms are subordinated to the improvement in the physical environment and the economic investment. The paper deals with the objectives and implementation of the Urban programmes in Tenerife, in order to show the disparity between the social order criteria established by the European Commission when financing these initiatives and the results finally obtained.

Urban management is a task that must involve the Public concept in its entire dimension: public space, type of life related to it, people that crowds it. This text presents a series of considerations about the problems that urban management has to cope with, when power centralization conditions are present. The role of both, State and society, as well as material conditions and politics, are several of the elements to be considered. ; La gestión urbana es una tarea que debe involucrar el concepto de lo público en toda su dimensión: el espacio público, la vida que en él ocurre, la gente que lo colma. El texto presenta una serie de reflexiones alrededor de los problemas a los que se enfrenta la gestión urbana cuando se presentan condiciones de centralización del poder. El papel del Estado y de la sociedad, así como las condiciones materiales y la política, hacen parte de los elementos a considerar.

Against the background of continuing urban growth, cities are constantly faced with new challenges. Above all, a strong increase in the number of residents must secure the supply of living space. In addition, the attractiveness of a city depends not only on the available living space and its price, but also on the quality of life in the city. The term quality of life usually refers to factors that can have a positive effect on a person's well-being. Quality of life is characterized by aspects such as educational opportunities, health and nature.
As a result, nature is an important criterion in the quality of life and also shapes the appearance of the city. Parks, playgrounds or street trees are just a few of the forms that can be found in cities. In addition, the city green takes over many different functions. These range from economic and urban features to social and ecological purposes. Especially the ecological aspect is becoming more and more important in the course of climatic changes. In this context, a sustainable urban development should be striven for in order to secure urban green spaces, such as the "Leipzig Charter for a Sustainable European City".
The challenges for municipalities in dealing with urban green spaces are manifold. The reason for this is the different usage requirements that affect the urban green space through different user groups. In addition to the changed demands, the financial resources available also play an important role. At present, it is difficult to reconcile the different demands placed on an area with the financial resources available.
Therefore, this paper examines a new approach to Green Urban Labs in relation to the development and safeguarding of urban greens. In this respect, literature searches are used to shed light on the foundations, goals and problems of urban green. In a further part, the model project "Green Urban Labs" will be examined. In addition to further literature research and expert interviews, the case study "From Hausacker to Urban Green" in the district Riemke of the city Bochum will be used to shed light on the goals and implementation measures of the project.
Recommendations for action are derived from the findings. On the one hand, the recommendations should support the consolidation of the model project after the end of the project period. On the other hand, they should serve as good examples and points of reference for other municipalities that can benefit from the new approach.

Brazilian Amazonia has drawn diverse resource extracting and managing projects into its sphere, notably since WWII. Large resource extracting and managing operations necessitated the planning and building of urban infrastructure to serve specific projects in proximity to select local resources. First to enter the regions was the Ford Motor Company at Boa V (Tapajos River) in 1928. Relocation to Belterra a few years later introduced improved housing stock, which has proven its viability by its current inhabitants dedication to its preservation and recent political decision to form a "municipio" independent of Santarem. Serra do Navio and Vila Amazonas were created to serve a large manganese mine in Amapa. Here, the key decision maker created optimal building stock, which carne to serve for the next three decades as model for comparable projects in the region. The formation of these urban places has not been copied or imitated in the open arena. Furthermore, as the products from the region increasingly enter the global economy, for how much longer can the firms provide suitable urban service infrastructure to its cost part of its products in the world Market? Indications point to active thinking of how to provide shelter for technical staff and professionals. A first idea is a platform rotation, which would constitute a radical change. Another possible venue would be federal and/or state government (s) active participation in such project place formation (s) to insure long-term urban system viability, even after the original function for a specific resource operation ended.