Who Values Democracy?
In: Jacobs Levy Equity Management Center for Quantitative Financial Research Paper
In: Jacobs Levy Equity Management Center for Quantitative Financial Research Paper
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Working paper
In: Journal of political economy, Band 132, Heft 1, S. 295-335
ISSN: 1537-534X
In: Giving Voice to Values Series
Intro -- Endorsements -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- The origins of this book -- A reflective practice -- Sharing our experience -- This book -- Notes -- Work cited -- 1. The need for dialogue -- A monological culture -- What dialogue is all about -- Dialogue in business organizations -- The importance of education -- Note -- Work cited -- 2. Back to the origins: Socrates and the examined life -- Socratic Dialogue: An introduction to its principles -- Socratic Dialogue: A reinterpretation -- The benefits of Socratic Dialogue -- Benefits of Socratic Dialogue -- Notes -- Work cited -- 3. Socratic Dialogue for the 21st century -- Moral learning: Saving ourselves from relativism -- The enlarged mentality -- Swimming upstream -- A proposal for the 21st century: A lot of work to be done -- In summary ... -- Notes -- Work cited -- 4. The pedagogy of dialogue in the classroom -- Space -- Chairs and tables -- Screens -- Name tags -- Silence -- The rules of Socratic Dialogue -- Respect -- Confidentiality -- Listening -- Freedom -- Reciprocity -- The facilitator's role -- Preparing the session -- Objectives of the dialogue -- Time -- Participation -- Passionate detachment -- Dialogue, not psychotherapy -- Epoché or suspension of judgment -- The constructive elenchus -- Your ideas do not define you: Dare to let them go -- Moving all in the same direction -- Silence -- Moments of vulnerability -- Concluding the dialogue -- The ten commandments for dialogue -- When you ask... -- Do not be afraid of silence -- Suspend judgment -- Be maieutic -- Play as a team -- Listen -- Connect with your desire to know (curiosity) -- Connect with your desire to help (benevolence) -- Practice constructive elenchus -- Be patient -- Do not be arrogant -- When you answer ... -- Trust.
In: International affairs: a Russian journal of world politics, diplomacy and international relations, Band 70, Heft 1, S. 94-104
ISSN: 1938-2588
In: Administration & society
ISSN: 1552-3039
An increasing number of strategies for dealing with value conflicts in public management have been presented. These include Cycling, Firewalling, Casuistry, Incrementalism, and so on. A closer look reveals an apparent contradiction. The strategies are presented as forms of practical rationality to go beyond instrumentalist approaches and find answers in the common interest, but at the same time they are presented as instrumental rational strategies to deal with blockades for particular interests. This paper uses Paul Ricoeur's analyses of compromise and of political paradox to overcome this puzzling contradiction and to distinguish more justifiable strategies of value conflict management from less justifiable strategies
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In: Levy Economics Institute Working Paper No. 1036
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In: Raisons politiques: études de pensée politique, Band 92, Heft 4, S. 27-39
ISSN: 1950-6708
L'héritage est une source majeure d'inégalité, et il est prouvé que plus une société est inégalitaire, moins elle sera favorable à l'idée de le taxer. Cela semble s'expliquer en partie par l'importance de l'héritage pour les valeurs familiales. Mais pour la plupart des égalitaristes, les valeurs familiales ne sont pas suffisamment convaincantes pour justifier des flux d'héritage illimités, en raison de la nécessité de préserver l'égalité des chances. Dans cet article, j'examine comment la réciprocité peut éclairer les objections classiques à l'imposition de l'héritage. Pour ce faire, j'explique comment les obligations réciproques au sein des familles contribuent à nourrir les valeurs familiales de continuité et d'appartenance, et dans quelle mesure l'acte rituel de l'héritage constitue un mécanisme important à cet égard. Cependant, je soutiens que l'argument en faveur de l'héritage reposant sur les obligations réciproques au sein des familles est limité par des obligations réciproques similaires avec les concitoyens, à savoir les obligations de partager les charges et les bénéfices, mais aussi de distribuer uniformément un droit de léguer. Enfin, dans les contextes de forte concentration de la richesse et des revenus, les obligations réciproques envers les concitoyens me semblent devoir justifier un taux d'imposition sur les successions plus exigeant.
1. Existence Is Overrated. What Is a Value? -- 2. Even More. Where Do Values Come from? And How Many Are There? -- 3. Allure of the Temporary. How Is a Value? -- 4. The Power to Connect, the Power to Relativize. What Do Values Relate To? -- 5. At Home Nowhere and Everywhere. Where and When Are Values (in Use)? -- 6. Excursus I: Values and Human Rights -- 7. The Unstable Recovery Position. How Is a Value Positioned? -- 8. Miracles of Motivation and Guarantors of Paralysis. What Do Values Have? What Do They Do? -- 9. An Unruly Victim Tamed. What Things Are Done to Values? -- 10. Excursus II: Values in the Political Soap Opera -- 11. Against Prescriptions. Why Values?.
In: Australian journal of public administration
ISSN: 1467-8500
AbstractThere is a growing interest in how policy processes can better incorporate the values of the communities they serve, yet policymakers face numerous challenges when they seek to embed values into policies. This paper builds on existing values research to develop a bespoke policy values framework for Australia, based on the popular notion of a 'fair go'. While the fair go is often associated with a narrow set of equality and procedural justice values, we show that it has a much wider range of historical and contemporary meanings, which taken together provide a useful starting point for understanding policy values important to Australians. We apply our framework to two policy domains—housing and immigration—to show that it offers an effective heuristic to help policymakers understand key value priorities and conflicts in these policy areas. The paper provides theoretical insights regarding the role of values in policymaking and offers a practical tool for use when designing, implementing, and evaluating policies.Points for practitioners
Community values should inform public policy decision‐making in a democracy. However, incorporating values into policy is difficult because of the wide range of different values to consider, the need to manage tensions and conflicts between values, and the time pressures often faced by policymakers.
The popular and enduring notion of the 'fair go' embodies multiple value positions, which cover a range of different values that matter to Australians, making it a good basis for an Australian policy values framework.
Our fair go values framework is designed to serve as a heuristic for policymakers when designing and evaluating public policies. It is not intended as a comprehensive guide to value debates in all policy areas, but offers a starting point for quickly appreciating the key value priorities and conflicts in relation to a policy issue. Policymakers should wherever possible follow up with detailed research to understand the complex value debates of different policy issue areas.
In: Social science quarterly, Band 105, Heft 2, S. 296-310
ISSN: 1540-6237
AbstractAimsCitizens' perceived values play a decisive role in shaping a responsive society, driving social and political attitudes and behaviors. Understanding these values, influenced by cultural, historical, and personal experiences, is essential for comprehending public perspectives on social, economic, and ecological aspects crucial for sustainable societies. This study investigates perceived values as indicators of citizens' potential civic engagement, mainly contributing to societal development.Materials and methodsFor the purpose of this study, we analyzed 1012 cases from the European Value Survey/World Value Survey data set of the Republic of Macedonia. In addition to the exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis, we employed XGBoost regression, coupled with SHAP analysis, offering a transparent exploration of the significance of citizens' perceived values, while emphasizing their role in motivating social responsibility and duty.ResultsWe identified 12 factors and categorized Macedonian citizens into 4 clusters. Through the SHAP feature importance method, we determined that perceptions of gender stereotypes, trust in people, civil rights, and job equality strongly influence the idea of social responsibility.ConclusionsOur findings offer pathways to promote individual accountability and increased participation in societal actions, fostering greater advocacy and policy changes for a responsible, engaged, and sustainable society.
"How inflation fears shaped American society, then and now. For most of its history, the United States has benefited from price stability-a steady relationship between supply and demand, characterized by prices that don't inflate or deflate in unpredictable fashion. Across these long stretches, the US economy became famously free-market: prices did the job of stabilizing the economy so the government didn't have to. In this sweeping and revelatory history of American economy and democracy, Carola Conces Binder shows that American price-stability is no accident. From its colonial origins to today, the American state has been designed for, and continues to be shaped by, an unlimited effort to insulate the economy from the dangers of price fluctuations. Binder narrates an American history in which inflationary anxiety has informed everything from the reluctant establishment of paper money to the rise of the modern Federal Reserve as an omniscient actor in public policy. At every step, and with each historical brush with monetary instability, the US has been reinvented as a response to its most recent failings. Shock Values is the epochal history of the US as a monetary state. Binder recounts both the monetary interests at the dawn of the Republic; its decades-long experiments with price controls; the outsize role of agriculture and industry in its monetary apparatus; and how the rise of the all-powerful Federal Reserve was born out of crisis more than anything else. Expansive and erudite, Shock Values is a watershed telling of an old history: how American union's pledge to be more perfect was drawn along monetary lines. It is not to be missed."
In: Public Choice
Abstract International economic engagement has been increasingly framed in terms of liberal democratic values. Specifically, Chinese aid has been at the center of this debate. Since Chinese aid comes with "no strings attached," a popular narrative is that Chinese aid poses a challenge to conditional aid, thus weakening democracy promotion. This study aims to deepen our understanding of how democratic values are shaped by international economic engagement. Drawing on the Latinobarometro Household Survey, we use an instrumental variable approach to test the effect of Chinese aid on attitudes toward democracy in 18 Latin American countries on the national and regional level. We find that Chinese aid has a non-negative effect on support for democracy. We also find that individuals who have a positive attitude towards China are more likely to value democracy. In contrast, positive attitudes towards the USA have no robust impact on support for democracy.
In: Public choice, Band 198, Heft 3-4, S. 531-593
ISSN: 1573-7101
AbstractInternational economic engagement has been increasingly framed in terms of liberal democratic values. Specifically, Chinese aid has been at the center of this debate. Since Chinese aid comes with "no strings attached," a popular narrative is that Chinese aid poses a challenge to conditional aid, thus weakening democracy promotion. This study aims to deepen our understanding of how democratic values are shaped by international economic engagement. Drawing on the Latinobarometro Household Survey, we use an instrumental variable approach to test the effect of Chinese aid on attitudes toward democracy in 18 Latin American countries on the national and regional level. We find that Chinese aid has a non-negative effect on support for democracy. We also find that individuals who have a positive attitude towards China are more likely to value democracy. In contrast, positive attitudes towards the USA have no robust impact on support for democracy.
In: China Understandings Today
One of the most significant global events in the last forty years has been the rise of China— economically, technologically, politically, and militarily. The question on people's minds for decades has been whether China will replace the United States as a superpower in the near future. But for China, this power must be comprehensive — having strong economic and militant forces are only two pieces of the puzzle. China must also possess soft power, such as attractive ideologies, values, and culture.
China as Number One? explores China's soft powers through the eyes of Chinese citizens. Utilizing data from the World Values Survey, the contributors to this collection analyze the potential soft power of a rising China by examining its residents' social values. A comprehensive study of changes and continuities in the political and social values of Chinese citizens, the book examines findings in the context of evolutionary modernization theory and cross-national comparison.