International audience ; Entre « afro-pessimisme » et « afro-optimisme », le refus des alternatives abusives commande le réalisme. Ainsi sur la violence, qui n'est pas seulement sociale et politique, mais qui relève aussi d'une « microphysique du pouvoir » décelable dans l'ordinaire des rapports sociaux : entre l'individu et la communauté prompte à sacrifier celui-ci comme victime émissaire d'une « logique totalitaire », entre hommes et femmes ou entre aînés et cadets, entre conjoints, entre locataires et propriétaires ou entre maîtres et élèves. On débouche alors sur l'hypothèse d'une circularité entre les violences ordinaires, enracinées dans la longue durée historique et culturelle, et les violences extrêmes, liées aux situations contemporaines de crise économique ou politique : les premières surdéterminant spécifiquement les secondes, les secondes exacerbant les premières.
International audience ; Entre « afro-pessimisme » et « afro-optimisme », le refus des alternatives abusives commande le réalisme. Ainsi sur la violence, qui n'est pas seulement sociale et politique, mais qui relève aussi d'une « microphysique du pouvoir » décelable dans l'ordinaire des rapports sociaux : entre l'individu et la communauté prompte à sacrifier celui-ci comme victime émissaire d'une « logique totalitaire », entre hommes et femmes ou entre aînés et cadets, entre conjoints, entre locataires et propriétaires ou entre maîtres et élèves. On débouche alors sur l'hypothèse d'une circularité entre les violences ordinaires, enracinées dans la longue durée historique et culturelle, et les violences extrêmes, liées aux situations contemporaines de crise économique ou politique : les premières surdéterminant spécifiquement les secondes, les secondes exacerbant les premières.
DEFINITION OF THE TERM: Arriving at an adequate definition of the term "violence" is problematic due to the complexity involved in understanding the intentions of a perpetrator of violence. Different approaches to violence depend on the researcher's methodological and contentual approach. HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TERM: The article outlines the historical context of the various approaches to violence, including those of the Sophists and those formulated within modern political philosophy founded on the ideas of Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The two concepts differ but share the conviction that institutional violence used by a sovereign is an important aspect of enforcing legal order in a state. DISCUSSION OF THE TERM: Violence is not a typical ethical problem. In this section of the article, the causes of violence are analysed and characterised from psychological, sociological, and cognitive science perspectives. Violent behaviour is treated as resulting from both individual and socio-institutional dysfunctions. Analysis is based on axiological theories (Max Scheler), political philosophy (Hannah Arendt), theories based on cognitive research on the causes of evil (Simon Baron-Cohen), and the findings of social psychologists and sociologists who investigate violence (Irena Pospiszyl, Agnieszka Widera-Wysoczyńska, Jacek Pyżalski). SYSTEMATIC REFLECTION WITH CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The philosophical approach to violence seeks to understand the essential nature of violence, which in the context of this article is understood as a key aspect of moral evil. We often encounter various forms of aggression and violence (both physical and mental) in social life. Recently, we have witnessed an intensification of verbal and pictorial violence within the media. This section of the article lists the publications that are devoted to violence (apart from those that are included in the References). ; Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow ; Anzenbacher, A. (2010). Chrisliche Sozialethik. Einführung und Prinzipen [Wprowadzenie do chrześcijańskiej etyki społecznej], trans. L. Łysień. Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM. Arendt, H. (2003). Responsibility and Judgment [Odpowiedzialność osobista w warunkach dyktatury], trans. W. Madej and M. Godyń. In: H. Arendt, Odpowiedzialność i władza sądzenia. Warszawa: Pruszyński i S-ka. Violence 275 Baron-Cohen, S. (2014). Zero Degrees of Evil [Teoria zła. O empatii i genezie okrucieństwa], trans. A. Nowak. Sopot: Wydawnictwo Smak Słowa. Hobbes, T. (2005). Leviathan [Lewiatan, czyli materia, forma i władza państwa kościelnego i świeckiego], trans. Cz. Znamierowski. Warszawa: Fundacja Aletheia. Krokiewicz, A. (1995). Zarys filozofii greckiej. Od Talesa do Platona. Arystoteles, Pirron i Plotyn. Warszawa: Fundacja Aletheia. Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. (2005). Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. Kielce: Wydawnictwo Jedność. Retrieved from: http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace (accessed: 18.02.2020). Pospiszyl, I. (2008). Przemoc w rodzinie. In: B. Urban and J.M. Stanik (ed.), Resocjalizacja. Vol. 2. Warszawa: PWSPR, PWN, 71‒80. Pyżalski, J. (2012). Agresja elektroniczna wśród dzieci i młodzieży. Kraków: Impuls. Rousseau, J.-J. (1956). Discours sur l'origine de l'inégalité [Rozprawa o pochodzeniu nierówności], transl. H. Elzenberg. In: J.-J. Rousseau, Trzy rozprawy z filozofii społecznej. Warszawa: PWN, 107–278. Scheler, M. (1988). Der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik [Stosunek wartości "dobry" i "zły" do pozostałych wartości i do dóbr] (fragm.), trans. W. Galewicz. In: W. Galewicz (ed.), Z fenomenologii wartości. Teksty filozoficzne. Kraków: Papieska Akademia Teologiczna, 60–66. Wojtyła, K. (1986). Wykłady lubelskie. Człowiek i moralność. Part III. Ed. T. Styczeń et al. Lublin: Wydawnictwo TN KUL. Widera-Wysoczyńska, A. (2010), Mechanizmy p
Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs
As part of an effort to grapple with the meaning of violence, Hannah Arendt argued that it was curious how infrequently violence was taken up for special consideration in conversations of history and politics, remarking that "this shows to what an extent violence and its arbitrariness were taken for granted and therefore neglected; no one questions or examines what is obvious to all" (8). While we are not suggesting that violence has eluded the critical eye in the time since Arendt's argument, there is something remarkably resonant about the idea that violence is taken-for-granted as part of human existence, and thus—for privileged citizens protected from its affects—invisible. In this issue, the contributors explore how violence continues to define and shape social, political, and cultural terrains. In what follows, we explore what it means to talk about violence and follow this with a general introduction to the pieces in this special issue that tease out the various locations of violence and its representations across different spaces.
The employment of appropriate force can protect against violence, control it, contain it, even dominate it. The issue is how much force to apply. But no true operating modality has yet been worked out.
This paper aims at investigating the presence of the dichotomy of violence and non-violence in contemporary Palestinian political rhetoric and practice. To do so, I will explore the varied Palestinian discourses tracing from the contemporary back to the early twentieth century, where I will interrogate anti-colonials practice both in violent and non-violent modes. Throughout, I will map-out the different agencies and the fields of argumentation of each political entity, and its justifications as a group living under colonial conditions. This article consists of three parts: part I tackles the conceptual framework of the dichotomy of violence and non-violence; part II explores the historiography of the modes of violence and non-violence; and part III traces the controversy within Palestinian society over the topic at stake from the early 1900s until the present.
International audience ; In spite of pacification and democratization processes, Portuguese speaking countries from Africa andBrazil are still passing through multiple violences, more and more criminal, which repertoires havechanged and whose effects on sociability are beginning to be felt with force. In order to fight thoseviolences and their social dissemination, national and local elected governments have difficulties inredefining public security policies. Their reform depends in priority on the retreat of the military from thepolitical sphere. Thinking the trajectories of violences means emphazising their historicity, examiningthe heritages of a shared portuguese past, and evaluating the scope of today's social and politicalchanges. ; Malgré les pacifications et les démocratisations, les sociétés lusophones d'Afrique et du Brésilcontinuent à être traversées par de multiples violences, dont les répertoires ont changé, qui secriminalisent et dont les effets sur la sociabilité commencent à se faire sentir avec force. Pour luttercontre ces violences et leur dissémination sociale, les gouvernements, nationaux et locaux, issusd'élections peinent à redéfinir les politiques de sécurité publique, dont la réforme démocratique dépenden priorité du retrait des forces de l'ordre de la sphère politique. Réfléchir aux trajectoires des violencespermet d'en mettre en valeur l'historicité, de s'interroger sur les héritages liés au passé portugaiscommun, et d'évaluer la portée des changements sociaux et politiques d'aujourd'hui
International audience ; In spite of pacification and democratization processes, Portuguese speaking countries from Africa andBrazil are still passing through multiple violences, more and more criminal, which repertoires havechanged and whose effects on sociability are beginning to be felt with force. In order to fight thoseviolences and their social dissemination, national and local elected governments have difficulties inredefining public security policies. Their reform depends in priority on the retreat of the military from thepolitical sphere. Thinking the trajectories of violences means emphazising their historicity, examiningthe heritages of a shared portuguese past, and evaluating the scope of today's social and politicalchanges. ; Malgré les pacifications et les démocratisations, les sociétés lusophones d'Afrique et du Brésilcontinuent à être traversées par de multiples violences, dont les répertoires ont changé, qui secriminalisent et dont les effets sur la sociabilité commencent à se faire sentir avec force. Pour luttercontre ces violences et leur dissémination sociale, les gouvernements, nationaux et locaux, issusd'élections peinent à redéfinir les politiques de sécurité publique, dont la réforme démocratique dépenden priorité du retrait des forces de l'ordre de la sphère politique. Réfléchir aux trajectoires des violencespermet d'en mettre en valeur l'historicité, de s'interroger sur les héritages liés au passé portugaiscommun, et d'évaluer la portée des changements sociaux et politiques d'aujourd'hui
International audience ; In spite of pacification and democratization processes, Portuguese speaking countries from Africa andBrazil are still passing through multiple violences, more and more criminal, which repertoires havechanged and whose effects on sociability are beginning to be felt with force. In order to fight thoseviolences and their social dissemination, national and local elected governments have difficulties inredefining public security policies. Their reform depends in priority on the retreat of the military from thepolitical sphere. Thinking the trajectories of violences means emphazising their historicity, examiningthe heritages of a shared portuguese past, and evaluating the scope of today's social and politicalchanges. ; Malgré les pacifications et les démocratisations, les sociétés lusophones d'Afrique et du Brésilcontinuent à être traversées par de multiples violences, dont les répertoires ont changé, qui secriminalisent et dont les effets sur la sociabilité commencent à se faire sentir avec force. Pour luttercontre ces violences et leur dissémination sociale, les gouvernements, nationaux et locaux, issusd'élections peinent à redéfinir les politiques de sécurité publique, dont la réforme démocratique dépenden priorité du retrait des forces de l'ordre de la sphère politique. Réfléchir aux trajectoires des violencespermet d'en mettre en valeur l'historicité, de s'interroger sur les héritages liés au passé portugaiscommun, et d'évaluer la portée des changements sociaux et politiques d'aujourd'hui
Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs
Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs
Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs
This article reads David Treuer's 2016 novel Prudence as Indigenous war fiction. Prudence collapses the distinctions between battle- and home-front, between past and present, between right and wrong. This collapse allows for an exploration of violence and war and its role in establishing and maintaining nationhood. Examining the role of Indigenous bodies within this context extends the cultural and political implications of war fiction beyond a mere critique of war in its immidiacy; instead it elaborates on the continuities of colonial violence within a global context, questioning the singularity of war and detailing the realities of Indigenous life within northern America.
International audience ; How can the study of sound and music help us to understand collective violence and war? How can the study of war and collective violence help us to understand the importance of musical practices and listening for human beings? This special issue of Transposition explores these questions through an analysis of the links between sound, music and violence. ; De quelle façon l'étude du son et de la musique peut-elle aider à comprendre la violence collective et la guerre ? Comment l'étude de la guerre et de la violence collective peut-elle aider à comprendre l'importance des pratiques musicales et de l'écoute pour les êtres humains ? Ce numéro hors-série de Transposition propose d'explorer ces questions à partir de l'analyse des liens entre son, musique et violence.
