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The use of webcam, especially through Skype, has recently become established as one more standard media technology, but so far there has been no attempt to assess its fundamental nature and consequences. Yet webcam has profound implications for many facets of human life, from self-consciousness and intimacy to the sustaining of long-distance relationships and the place of the visual within social communications.Based on research in London and Trinidad, this book shows how 'always-on' webcam is becoming an entirely different phenomenon from the initial use of webcam as a videophone. Webcam is e

The use of webcam, especially through Skype, has recently become established as one more standard media technology, but so far there has been no attempt to assess its fundamental nature and consequences. Yet webcam has profound implications for many facets of human life, from self-consciousness and intimacy to the sustaining of long-distance relationships and the place of the visual within social communications. Based on research in London and Trinidad, this book shows how 'always-on' webcam is becoming an entirely different phenomenon from the initial use of webcam as a videophone.

Increased globalization through access to the internet has made it easier than ever for child perpetrators to exploit children overseas from the comfort of their couches. Webcam Child Sex Tourism (WCST) occurs when an adult pays to direct and view live-streaming video footage of a child in another country preforming sexual acts in front of a webcam. Currently this issue resides mainly in the Philippines where there are tens of thousands of child victims. According to a study conducted by Terre des Hommes, an advocacy organization based in the Netherlands, many child victims of WCST suffer psychological symptoms consistent with sexual trauma. There are international legislations and policies that indirectly prohibit WCST, yet only six perpetrators have been convicted for this crime. This presentation is a review of literature and research on the emerging global issue of Webcam Child Sex Tourism and will focus specifically on defining the issue, the trauma experienced by WCST victims, international policies, and what can be done to prevent the spread of WCST.

How do technologies such as webcams influence health care and what concepts may describe this? This article explores the literature and analyses what people looking through webcams do within a particular health care practice in the Netherlands, that is, within the rehabilitation of people suffering from severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. Several ways to describe the activities webcams support and perform are identified. The webcam is (1) concentrating the activities of its users, by making them focus on the task at hand and (2) magnifies the characteristics of the already existing relationships between webcam users by imposing a relational distance that fits best with intimate contacts. (3) Although webcams shift notions of space and distance, their working appears to be related, to a great extent, to their location.

Internet studies researchers should consider how internet spectators are addressed and encouraged to engage. In this article, I offer some basic comments about internet spectatorship and present a detailed analysis of the ways in which spectatorship operates in the women's webcam form. Webcam spectators may have less control than they expect because women webcam operators exert authority and achieve agency through their visibility. Feminist considerations of spectatorship and the gaze offer important methods for considering these representations, and suggest how viewing positions are being revised. Spectators are in a position that has been associated with women and is believed to be undesirable because of their nearness to the computer screen. The cultural and technological reconceptualization of spectatorship and the particular aspects of women's webcams offer some unique opportunities to intervene in the ways that looking at and categorizing bodies produces gender and sexual difference.

ZusammenfassungDie forensische Psychiatrie sieht sich mit einem neuen Phänomen der Internetsexualdelinquenz konfrontiert, dem "webcam child sexual abuse" (WCSA), der mittels des Internets erfolgenden Anstiftung zur sexuellen Ausbeutung von Minderjährigen. Der Begriff umfasst jegliche Form sexueller Ausbeutung von Minderjährigen per Internet-Livestream, wobei das Spektrum der übertragenen Handlungen vom Posieren bis hin zu sexuell-sadistischen Übergriffen reicht. Während Schätzungen des Kinderhilfswerkes Terre des Hommes seit 2009 auf eine hohe Prävalenz solcher Handlungen verweisen, stieg die Zahl der Verurteilungen wegen WCSA erst in den letzten Jahren an. Die Anonymität des Internets und das weitgehende Fehlen von Datenspuren erschweren nicht nur die Überführung der Täter, sondern bergen auch Herausforderungen für die forensisch-psychiatrische Begutachtung. Anhand von WCSA-Fällen in der hiesigen Gutachtenstelle erfolgen Überlegungen zur kriminologischen Einordnung der Tathandlungen sowie zu Herausforderungen im Rahmen des Begutachtungsprozesses. Mithilfe einer idealtypischen Kasuistik werden Hypothesen zur Fallkonzeption gebildet und daraus Empfehlungen für die diagnostische Einordnung, Beurteilung der Einsichts- und Steuerungsfähigkeit, Prognose und Behandlung abgeleitet.