Suchergebnisse

This research is focused on Indonesia-US diplomatic relations in politics and defense. The relationships are very volatile both in terms of closeness and depth of defense cooperation between the two countries. Bilateral defense cooperation is aimed at improving military relations between the two countries and building professionalism of the TNI - in addition to achieving the Indonesian defense goals such as maintaining the sovereignty and integrity of the country. Indonesia has interest in maintaining defense cooperation with the US due to the fact that the majority of Indonesia's major defense equipment is from the US and other western countries. By taking the perspective of the Susilo B. Yudhoyono administration (2004-2014), defense diplomacy is closely related to the Minimum Essential Force (MEF) program. The MEF program has initiated the Indonesian government to cooperate with the US in the context of maintenance and procurement of weapons that have been embargoed since 1999. This research also finds that among various defense cooperation activities between Indonesia and the US, the major one is actually in the field of education and training, e.g., short courses, staff and command education, seminars, post graduate programs and others. Meanwhile, the other defense cooperation activity, namely defense industry, is still very minor until today. The method of research is qualitative using descriptive analytical collected from the interview of practitioners and from secondary sources such book, paper, and open sources

There is a great resistance from several Asian country leaders towards democracy. Basically, they view that the US has "forced" some Asian countries to implement its model of government which is thought to be a good form of government for all countries, particularly in terms of placing democracy as a "yardstick" when some of the countries need International Aids. While actually, they argue that what works for one country does not necessarily appropriate for others. Lee Kuan Yew argue that what people's real need is a "good government", whase its implementation might differ for each country and might also differ from "Western" values. Nevertheless, some observers have criticized the concept as well. They argue that it has been implemented on the expense of restricting political space available for he citizens. This essay will elaborate each of the claims and will try to provide a tentative alternative which might need further discussion. Keywords: Democracy; Good government; Western Values

ABSTRACT The Concept of Democracy is one of the products of Western thought that has gone through a long history since ancient Greece that was neglected in the development of mainstream discourse, but returned to popularity in the 18th century and became a constant conversation when the wave of democratization hit countries in the world since in the 1970s. What is interesting about the concept of democracy is the inspiration of the thoughts that it gave birth to political transformation in many countries that inspired to inspire many scholars and activists in many developing countries who were also struggling with autocratic regimes to deepen it. Democratic reforms have always been special news in various mass media, both in newspapers, television, and not only discussed in general contexts, such as in mass media, but also in more specialized public spaces. For example, it was seen when the first direct presidential election in Indonesia after the New Order was broadcast widely and attracted the attention of the world's citizens. Democracy is also discussed in restaurants, football stadiums, malls, terminals and many other places including Nobar (Watching goods) Presidential / Cawapres debate ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election. This reality shows that democracy has been accepted as an important word in the present century. But the problems that need to get mutual attention, how the democratization process takes place, the key actors, the interaction between actors what will be achieved, the driving factors and obstacles to the democratization process. Keywords: Democracy, Democratization Process, Reformation, Interactionbetween actors

The coral triangle is the epicenter of marine biodiversity in the world which located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia and the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the benefit of this area, the coral triangle also faces unsustainable fishing practices called Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU). This paper is aiming to provide the benefit of the coral triangle, and the efforts to overcome the problem that occurs in this area. To analyze this paper, the authors applied a descriptive approach, and most of the data obtained through literature review. And the result shows that the coral triangle is very beneficial to the countries in this area. Furthermore, to protect these precious natural resources from IUU, the government in this area decided to work together to overcome through the establishment of a multilateral partnership The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI) ; The coral triangle is the epicenter of marine biodiversity in the world which located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia and the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the benefit of this area, the coral triangle also faces unsustainable fishing practices called Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU). This paper is aiming to provide the benefit of the coral triangle, and the efforts to overcome the problem that occurs in this area. To analyze this paper, the authors applied a descriptive approach, and most of the data obtained through literature review. And the result shows that the coral triangle is very beneficial to the countries in this area. Furthermore, to protect these precious natural resources from IUU, the government in this area decided to work together to overcome through the establishment of a multilateral partnership The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI)

The existence of foreign organizations is a consequence of international relations, resulting in interaction between mass organizations in other countries and countries. In line with this, the existence of foreign organizations is regulated by Government Regulation No. 58 of 2016 and Government Regulation No. 59 of 2016. However, there are still people who are concerned about the existence of foreign organizations, which are considered to threaten the values of national unity. Therefore, this study will look at the description of the existence of foreign organizations, namely the flow of foreign organizations into NTB Province, whether their existence is known by the local government; implementation of the role of the community and local government in supervising foreign organizations; and the importance of supervising foreign organizations in order to maintain national security. The method used is descriptive narrative with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used library/documentation techniques and interviews with representatives from Bakesbangpoldagri, the Health Office and the Social Service of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The results of the study indicate that Bakesbangpoldagri of West Nusa Tenggara Province does not have accurate data on the existence of foreign organizations; the implementation of the role of the community and local government in supervising foreign organizations has not been realized maximally; and that the supervision of foreign organizations in order to maintain national security is important to be carried out, because the existence of foreign organizations can strengthen and weaken regional resilience, which will affect national security. ; Keberadaan ormas asing merupakan konsekuensi dari pergaulan internasional, sehingga terjadi interaksi antara ormas di suatu negara dan negara lain. Sejalan dengan hal tersebut, keberadaan ormas asing diatur dengan PP No 58 Tahun 2016 dan PP No.59 Tahun 2016. Namun demikian, masih ada masyarakat yang khawatir dengan keberadaan ormas ...

Food security is still becoming a crucial issue in developing countries nowadays, either in urban or rural areas. There are many factors triggered this condition, such as the increase in population pressure and conflict, privatization and changing tenure arrangements, poverty, social differentiation and also environmental degradation. It's undeniable that food security is a multidimensional problem, especially for people who lived in rural or isolated areas. In Mentawai Islands, a district located in the western part of Indonesia, the indigenous people depend on forest product (sago) as their main source of food. However, since 2012, the government has destroyed their food culture by establishing the 'National Food Security Improvement Program' and conducting the agricultural intensification as well as establishing 600 hectares of new rice fields in six sub - districts; South Pagai, North Pagai, Sikakap, South Sipora, North Sipora, and South Siberut. This study is conducted comprehensively using the Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (FSVA) to understand and describe the exact profiles of food-insecurities and vulnerable households. Furthermore, it also identified the risks and vulnerabilities of food consumption in Mentawai communities. Findings depict that shifting or transforming the food culture from sago to rice is a serious issue because socio-cultural aspects influence it and surely the government has to make a parallel policy that can accommodate the people needs, not only prioritize the national development agenda. ; Food security is still becoming a crucial issue in developing countries nowadays, either in urban or rural areas. There are many factors triggered this condition, such as the increase in population pressure and conflict, privatization and changing tenure arrangements, poverty, social differentiation and also environmental degradation. It's undeniable that food security is a multidimensional problem, especially for people who lived in rural or isolated areas. In Mentawai Islands, a district located in the western part of Indonesia, the indigenous people depend on forest product (sago) as their main source of food. However, since 2012, the government has destroyed their food culture by establishing the 'National Food Security Improvement Program' and conducting the agricultural intensification as well as establishing 600 hectares of new rice fields in six sub - districts; South Pagai, North Pagai, Sikakap, South Sipora, North Sipora, and South Siberut. This study is conducted comprehensively using the Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (FSVA) to understand and describe the exact profiles of food-insecurities and vulnerable households. Furthermore, it also identified the risks and vulnerabilities of food consumption in Mentawai communities. Findings depict that shifting or transforming the food culture from sago to rice is a serious issue because socio-cultural aspects influence it and surely the government has to make a parallel policy that can accommodate the people needs, not only prioritize the national development agenda.

This study aimed to analyze the measures the Government in strengthening the sovereignty of Indonesia in the border region, which includes the strengthening in the areas of national defense, science and technology, as well as strengthening in the field of foreign policy. Indonesia's national sovereignty repeatedly at stake in the face of the world when it happens to border disputes with some neighboring countries, namely Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. As for the problem within the borders of sovereignty is related to a claim made by Malaysia against some of the areas that became the border area between the Republic of Indonesia and Malaysia. There are at least three cases of border disputes that make the relationship between Indonesia and Malaysia heats up, the Ambalat case, Sipadan-Ligitan, and recently is happening is Tanjung Datu. Indonesia and Malaysia border disputes does not necessarily happen. Dispute Indonesia and Malaysia on the border line in the waters of Sulawesi following a change in the ownership status of the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan, the border line on the island of Borneo (Ambalat), and the latter case that has yet to be resolved by the construction of the stake by Malaysia in Tanjung Datu (West Kalimantan). It is a trigger factor rift diplomatic relations the two countries.In this regard, there needs to the appropriate strategy with regard to strengthening the sovereignty of the Homeland border region is the duty of the Government in an effort to protect the people and maintain the territorial integrity of NKRI. Some recommendations dispute resolution sovereignty border areas studied in this paper, including: (1) Establishing institutional aspects of defense and security by providing strong security of island-outer islands, (2) Establishing institutional aspects of science and technology to conduct training on the management and conservation of resources natural resources (SDA) and the building of infrastructure and transport, as well as (3) to strengthen aspects of foreign policy with increased foreign cooperation with neighboring countries, especially with Malaysia.Keywords: Dispute, Border, Defense and Security, Science and Technology

The use of performance measurement system in the public sector (PMS) has become a panacea in addressing an inefficient bureaucracy that fails to meet the citizen satisfaction by its lethargic service delivery. It has introduced a way for public managers to better generate outcome policy into a concrete-measurable actions. While many countries already demonstrates the benefit of using the system, Indonesia remain struggle in implementing the ideal of performance management particularly in the context of local government that usually lacking of adequate capacity and sources. Despite the continuous support by central government, the diverse of socio-environmental context hinder local government to fully implements of SAKIP. This paper sought to portray the implementation and challenges that is faced by one local government agencies in Sukabumi, West Java Indonesia in implementing Indonesian public performance management system (SAKIP). This paper is using qualitative approach by conducting structured interview to key informants. The results showed that organizational variables have been able to accommodate the implementation of SAKIP policy through units formed specifically in organizational structure and governance regulations, organizational interpretation variables are still necessary to improve the dissemination of policy information to all levels of employees, application variables where the implementation of policies are still experiencing constraints, especially in planning and evaluation, as well as a lack of specific strategies in improving organizational performance. This paper reinforces the results of previous studies related with performance management system in Indonesian local government that its implementation has not been yet showing their best result.

Indonesia as one of the countries of the G20 with the manufacturing sector as one of the largest energy user sectors. Energy use in the industrial sector is contributing as emitters. The greater use of energy, the greater the amount of emissions produced. The need for environmental policy declared by Jaffe et al (1995) in his research called Porter's Hypothesis, namely environmental policies may affect innovation and market creation. But in the long-term costs of policy or government spending is specialized in the field of environment will benefit the government itself which will increase the level of the efficiency of the country. This study aims to analyze how the level of efficiency of the manufacturing sector in the city - metropolitan city in Indonesia under natural policy and managerial disposability policy. Secondly, this study try to analyze and find the causes of inefficiency variables, where the role of technological innovation is very important in increasing the level of efficiency both operational and environmental performance. The data sample is 33 provinces within Indonesia. By compositing six variables, which is three input variables and three output variables. The output variable consists of desirable output (good output) and undesirable output (bad output). The input variables consist of labor, investment, and energy consumption, while the output variable consists of the GDP, SO2, and NO2. The research utilized Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The research result is the efficiency in the manufacturing sector in 33 provinces in Indonesia with two ways of measurement that has been determined by using arithmetic models shows that the province of large provinces such as Jakarta and West Java has a high efficiency in the industrial sector. For example, Jakarta has an average efficiency of 100% perfect in UENM efficiency measurements during the observation period 2012-2015.