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Once considered a marginal or even irrelevant issue, in recent years, the environment has come to occupy an increasingly important place on the political, social and economic agenda. Environmental conflicts are often due to conflicting political and economic interests and can have major social repercussions. Until recently, little economic value was attached to drinking water; the same was true of arable land, energy generation and most natural resources. Pollution was regarded as a minor problem. Today, the economic and social value and costs of the environment are seen as incalculable and growing. Soil, food, water and air pollution have led to a significant increase in disease, and the cost of the ensuing environmental clean–up can be exponential. While the solutions are necessarily biological, they can have considerable economic consequences, too ; Postprint (published version)

'Writing is a process; the act of transforming thoughts into print requires a non-linear sequence of stages or creative acts' (James B. Gray, cited by Cassany, 1993). I would add that it is also the act of transforming experience. This article describes my own personal process of transformation in the experience and understanding of vulnerable employment - a slow, open, recursive and difficult process. The first, academic, section flows easily. Then things get harder. The auto-ethnography was the most challenging part. Firstly because it was a matter of personal reflection; then because of a having to strip naked, as it were. Finding a reasonably elegant and flexible way to link the two sections was demanding, and one of the objectives of the exercise was to reach a satisfactorily readable end result.

This work raises the study of creativity and creative processes as a relevant field for the sociological Social Psychology. In this way, the main goal of this work is to consider the creativity and the creative process as social processes. Considering therefore the need to analyse them in the social-cultural-historical context in which they occur, thus opening a new scenario to think about creativity and the creative process in the present time. In this new scenario, the dominant forms of knowledge circulation based on an individualizing 'ontology of creative works' are no longer unique. And their pertinence and legitimacy can be re-raised in the present time. In this way, this work also argues that different forms of knowledge circulation mean different socio-political implications. Thus, to specify and to consider them as a choice in terms of knowledge production, allows us to problematize them from the standpoint of creator/ producer and from the creative process' standpoint.

The objective of this thesis is to explore in greater depth the process of creating a public health observatory and the processing of the information needed to take territorial decisions in the county of Alt Empordà. The outcome is the creation of Indika, the Health and Social Pole of the Alt Empordà. Indika is a public health agency that acts as the territory's health and well-being agent. The objective of Indika is to generate knowledge about the impact of social determinants of health in Alt Empordà. To do so, it uses a working framework based on three points: to inform, to discuss, and to act. This working framework served to produce the visual information solutions, including infographics, collections of indicators, and a web application whose purpose is to portray the existing problems in the territory to start debate with the different political and social agents to take decisions on improvement initiatives. Apart from creating a public health observatory, two parallel lines of action have also been developed in this thesis: the creation of public structures to store information based on events as a way of structuring medical information. These two lines of investigation have resulted in the creation of the "Indika Data Repository", an information repository about the county of Alt Empordà, using the collaborative platform GitHub and the implementation of the eventr package in R programming language, and currently published in the Comprehensive R Archive Network. Eventr is a package whose purpose is to facilitate the implementation of architectures based on events ; Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu aprofundir en el procés de creació d'un observatori de salut pública i el tractament de la informació necessària per a la presa de decisions territorials a la comarca de l'Alt Empordà. El resultat ha estat la creació d'Indika pol de salut i social de l'Alt Empordà. Indika és un observatori de salut pública que actua com a agent de salut i benestar del territori. L'objectiu d'Indika és generar coneixement sobre ...

The objective of this thesis is to explore in greater depth the process of creating a public health observatory and the processing of the information needed to take territorial decisions in the county of Alt Empordà. The outcome is the creation of Indika, the Health and Social Pole of the Alt Empordà. Indika is a public health agency that acts as the territory's health and well-being agent. The objective of Indika is to generate knowledge about the impact of social determinants of health in Alt Empordà. To do so, it uses a working framework based on three points: to inform, to discuss, and to act. This working framework served to produce the visual information solutions, including infographics, collections of indicators, and a web application whose purpose is to portray the existing problems in the territory to start debate with the different political and social agents to take decisions on improvement initiatives. Apart from creating a public health observatory, two parallel lines of action have also been developed in this thesis: the creation of public structures to store information based on events as a way of structuring medical information. These two lines of investigation have resulted in the creation of the "Indika Data Repository", an information repository about the county of Alt Empordà, using the collaborative platform GitHub and the implementation of the eventr package in R programming language, and currently published in the Comprehensive R Archive Network. Eventr is a package whose purpose is to facilitate the implementation of architectures based on events ; Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu aprofundir en el procés de creació d'un observatori de salut pública i el tractament de la informació necessària per a la presa de decisions territorials a la comarca de l'Alt Empordà. El resultat ha estat la creació d'Indika pol de salut i social de l'Alt Empordà. Indika és un observatori de salut pública que actua com a agent de salut i benestar del territori. L'objectiu d'Indika és generar coneixement sobre ...

Anàlisi financiera de l'empresa turística -- Pagina Legal -- Índex -- Capítol 1 El sistema d'inversió-finançament en l'empresa: Objectius i funcions -- 1. El sistema financer -- 1.1. Concepte -- 1.2. Funcionament del sistema financer -- 1.3. Agents especialistes -- 1.4. Els intermediaris financers -- 1.5. Els actius financers: característiques -- 1.6. Mercats financers -- 1.7. El mercat de valors espanyol -- 1.7.1. Organització -- 1.7.2. Borses de valors -- 1.7.3. Mercat de derivats -- 1.7.4. Deute públic -- 1.7.5. Liquidació -- 1.7.6. Supervisió -- 2. L'empresa com a sistema -- 2.1. El subsistema financer en l'empresa, fluxos financers i equilibri econòmicfinancer -- 2.2. El subsistema d'inversió -- 2.3. El període mitjà de maduració de l'empresa (PMME) -- 2.4. El pressupost de tresoreria -- 2.5. La teoria financera de l'empresa -- 2.6. Funció objectiu de la funció financera -- 2.7. L'estructura economicofinancera de l'empresa -- 2.8. Relacions d'equilibri entre les estructures econòmica i financera -- 3. Introducció a les operacions financeres -- 3.1. El cost dels recursos financers -- 3.1.1. Càlcul del cost dels recursos aliens -- 4. Exercicis resolts -- Capítol 2 El finançament intern -- 1. El concepte d'autofinançament -- 2. Fonts financeres internes de l'empresa -- 3. L'amortització o autofinançament per manteniment -- 3.1. Causes de la depreciació -- 3.2. Sistemes d'amortització -- 3.2.1. Mètode lineal, uniforme o de quotes constants -- 3.2.2. Mètode d'amortització tècnica -- 3.2.3. Mètode de quotes decreixents o accelerat -- 3.2.4. Mètode de quotes creixents o retardat -- 3.3. La funció financera de les amortitzacions i l'efecte Ruchti-Lohmann -- 4. L'autofinançament per enriquiment -- 4.1. Classes de reserves -- 5. Avantatges i inconvenients de l'autofinançament -- 6. Exercicis resolts -- Capítol 3 El finançament extern.

Aquest article pretén reflexionar sobre dos grans interrogants que afecten als mateixos fonaments de la recent proliferació d'ONL. Sense voler ser despectius, sembla evident que les ONL s'han posat de moda i, per tant, com davant de qualsevol altra moda social, cal plantejarse que és el que hi ha al darrere. El primer interrogant es refereix a les raons que expliquen la proliferació d 'ONL, mentre que el segon planteja el futur que en podem esperar. Respecte al primer punt buscarem la justificació a la moda de les ONL en l'evolució socioeconomica de les nostres societats. En concret observarem com el transit de I'estat liberal a I'estat de benestar i d'aquest a la seva reestructuració actual incorpora pressions que expliquen el paper canviant que en cada moment hi desenvolupen. Respecte al segon punt observarem com les ONL poden ser crucials en un futur proper en tant que instruments indispensables alhora per a la modernització dels serveis públics i per a la innovació democratica. El perill , com explicarem més endavant, rau en que es produeixi un biaix que acabi per centrar el paper de les ONL únicament en l'ambit prestacional ; Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre dos grandes interrogantes que afectan a los mismos fundamentos de la reciente proliferación de ONL. El primer interrogante se refiere a las razones que explican la proliferación de ONL, mientras que el segundo se ocupa del futuro que podemos esperar de ellas. Con referencia al primer punto, buscaremos la justificación a la moda de las ONL en la evolución socioeconómica de nuestras sociedades. Respecto al segundo punto, observaremos que las ONL pueden ser cruciales en un futuro cercano como instrumentos indispensables a la vez para la modernización de los servicios públicos y para la innovación democrática. ; This article throws some light on two of the main points which are the pillars of the recent multiplication of NPOs. The first point gives some clues to the multiplication of NPOs whereas the second point deals with the prospects for the future. Firstly, we will search for the justification of the NPOs as a trend in the social and economic evolution process of our societies. Then, we will show how NPOs can play a role in the near future as key tools for the development of public services and democratic innovation. Internal communication between entities which provide social services.