Writing systems and cognition: perspectives from psychology, physiology, linguistics, and semiotics
In: Neuropsychology and cognition 6
In: Neuropsychology and cognition 6
In: Neuropsychology and Cognition Ser. v.6
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 44, Heft 4, S. 558-571
ISSN: 0031-2290
The formation of the European Community puts pressure on the UK to address questions about the relationship between England & the other UK nations, as well as about general constitutional theory & the doctrine of parliamentary supremacy. These national & constitutional issues are linked, since discussion of constitutional issues will bring national issues to the public foreground. A model of a future constitution is emerging wherein Parliament will retain supremacy, but will be rebalanced via proportional representation & institution of an elected second chamber, with extended powers to replace the House of Lords. Difficulties in this proposed constitution with the representation of Scotland & Wales are discussed. Twelve innovations for a written constitution are proposed, based on the assumptions that the present executive is too powerful, & that general decentralization should take place. M. Pflum
In: Studies in literacy, family, culture, and the state
This book assesses the impact of writing on human societies, both in the Ancient Near East and in twentieth-century Africa, and highlights some general features of social systems that have been influenced by this major change in the mode of communication. Such features are central to any attempt at the theoretical definition of human society and such constituent phenomena as religious and legal systems, and in this study Professor Goody explores the role of a specific mechanism, the introduction of writing and the development of a written tradition, in the explanation of some important social differences and similarities. Goody argues that a shift of emphasis from productive to certain communicative processes is essential to account adequately for major changes in human societies. Whilst there have been previous descussions of the effect of literacy upon social organisation, no study has hitherto presented the general synthesis developed here
In: Latin American perspectives: a journal on capitalism and socialism, Band 19, Heft 74, S. 79-85
ISSN: 0094-582X
As the author points out, the Andean and Mesoamerican communication systems, predominantly oral, did not lend themselves to supraregional intellectual exchange. The introduction of writing by Europeans transformed the American system of communication
World Affairs Online
In: The Western political quarterly: official journal of Western Political Science Association, Band 37, Heft 2, S. 236-256
ISSN: 0043-4078
JAMES MADISON IS WIDELY ALTHOUGH SOMEWHAT INACCURATELY KNOWN AS THE "FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION" AND THE FOUNDER OF PLURALISM IN AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE. HE IS EQUALLY ALTHOUGH LESS WIDELY KNOWN AS ONE OF THE FOUNDERS OF THE AMERICAN PARTY SYSTEM AND AN ADVOCATE OF A MORE PARTICIPATORY AND COMMUNITARIAN THEORY OF POLITICS. BOTH OF THESE CHARACTERIZATIONS ARE WELL FOUNDED. THE FIRST IS BASED LARGELY ON MADISON'S CAREER UP TO 1789, PARTICULARLY HIS COLLABORATOIN WITH ALEXANDER HAMILTON AND CO-AUTHORSHIP OF THE FEDERALIST PAPERS; THESE WERE THE ACTIVITIES CONNECTED WITH WHAT POLITICAL SCIENTISTS USUALLY CALL THE "MADISONIAN SYSTEM," THE THEORY OF WHICH IS BEST KNOWN FROM FEDERALIST 10. THE SECOND DERIVES FROM MADISON'S CONDUCT IN THE 1970S AND HIS WRITINGS FOR THE REPUBLICAN PRESS, ACTIVITIES WHICH HELPED TO ESTABLISH A VERY DIFFERENT POLITICAL SYSTEM. THE PARTY SYSTEM IS A SECOND MADISONIAN SYSTEM, WHICH CONTRADICTS THE FIRST IN BOTH THEORY AND PRACTICE. THE PLURALISM OF MADISON THE FEDERALIST FAVORED THE MULTIPLICATION OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INTERESTS, IN ORDER TO FACILITATE COMPETENT GOVERNMENTAL CONTROL AND DIRECTION OF THESE INTERESTS. THE PARTY SYSTEM OF MADISON THE REPUBLICAN DISPLAYED MORE CONFIDENCE IN THE POLITICAL COMPETENCE OF CITIZENS OUTSIDE GOVERNMENT, AND FAVORED THE CONSOLIDATION OF SOCIAL "INTERESTS AND AFFECTIONS" TO CONTROL AND DIRECT GOVERNMENT.
In: Cambridge studies in French 40
This is an important, critical analysis of Derrida's theory of writing, based upon close readings of key texts ranging from his stringent critique of structuralist criticism to his sympathetic and dialogical analysis of Freud's scriptural models. It reveals a dimension of Derrida's thinking which, although consistently present in his works, has been neglected in favour of those 'deconstructionist' clichés used in much recent literary criticism. Christopher Johnson highlights the special character of Derrida's philosophy that comes from the fertilising contact that Derrida has had with contemporary natural science and with systems theory. In addition, he shows how Derrida's philosophy of system and writing rejoins an atomist and materialist tradition repressed by centuries of idealist metaphysics. This study casts fresh light on an exacting set of intellectual issues facing philosophy and critical theory today
In: Review of international studies: RIS, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 99-109
ISSN: 1469-9044
One aspect of international relations which interested Martin Wight particularly was the functioning of what are called systems of states. That has also been an area of my especial interest since the late 50s. It was the focus of the discussions of the British Committee on the Theory of International Politics. The committee was organized in the late fifties to bring, together people from different disciplines, practitioners as well as scholars. Herbert Butterfield and Martin were the founders and guiding spirits of the early years of the committee, and I was one of the original members. It was a collective enterprise: members submitted papers which left as questions those points on which the author did not feel certain of the answers. Martin told me that the most stimulating and interesting work he did during the 60s was writing papers for the committee and taking part in its discussions.
In: International journal of politics, culture and society, Band 4, Heft 3, S. 345-370
ISSN: 0891-4486
The revisionist trend away from the materialist & dialectical method of classical critical theory is explored as it has developed in the works of Jurgen Habermas. His theories are tracked from their roots in Western Marxism, to their present manifestation in neofunctionalist systems theory. An evaluation of the adequacy of the political economy within Habermas's present sociological theory is presented, together with the synthetic limits of his systems theory & the possibilities that recent advances in the theory of dissipative systems offer critical theory. 28 References. D. Dennis
In: Third world quarterly, Band 9, Heft 2, S. 385-395
ISSN: 0143-6597
World Affairs Online
In: The heritage of sociology
In: Wye studies in agricultural and rural development
Based on the author's widely used earlier text African Farm Management, this account updates the economic analysis of tropical agriculture and includes examples from all parts of the developing world. Writing in a clear, concise style, Professor Upton explains the essential theories of farm economics without numerous mathematical formulae. This account is completely revised, with increased emphasis on 'farm household economics', in which farms are seen as consumers as well as producers. Containing a new chapter on the economics of irrigated agriculture. This book provides an invaluable economic framework for better understanding the management of farming systems in the tropics, and will be welcomed by students of tropical agriculture worldwide